本文選題：石化項目　切入點：采購　出處：《山東大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在最近幾年,國內(nèi)對油品需求呈增長趨勢,對油品的品質也有了越來越高的要求,因此國內(nèi)的大型石油化工企業(yè)紛紛開始建設新石化基地,并啟動對已有煉廠的升級改造,進而出現(xiàn)新的一批石化工程建設項目。作為石化工程建設項目管理中的重要一環(huán),采購管理起著降低項目成本、保證物資質量、增強企業(yè)競爭力的作用。通過開展有效地采購管理工作,可以將有限的資金充分利用到項目建設中,發(fā)揮資源的最大價值,從而為項目推進提供物資保障,為項目的順利完成打下堅實的基礎。 本文以S公司旗下的大型石油化工項目為背景,通過調查研究、資料收集等方法,結合項目管理與采購管理的理論知識,對該石化項目采購管理工作的模式進行研究和分析。通過這些分析研究,指出項目在現(xiàn)行采購管理工作中存在的問題,并針對這些問題從采購計劃制定和采購實施執(zhí)行兩個方面提出相應的解決方案和對策。 在采購的計劃制定環(huán)節(jié)中,首先對現(xiàn)行的采購管理組織和采購實施流程進行規(guī)范,成立專職采購機構,培養(yǎng)專職采購人員,將采購權限集中在專職機構下,同時精簡審批流程,特別是對采購流程中的關鍵環(huán)節(jié)的審批步驟進行精簡,以實現(xiàn)對項目組織結構、采購流程的優(yōu)化。除此之外,需要對項目整體工作計劃和關鍵項目進行重點細致分析,并由此確定采購工作主線。在項目開展前期制定采購計劃,對項目建設所需物資種類進行核實和確認。采購計劃將針對采購對象的特點進行制定,并提出開展集中采購、提前采購、框架協(xié)議等采購方案,以最優(yōu)的質量和最適宜的成本提供項目所需的物資和服務。 在采購的具體執(zhí)行環(huán)節(jié)中,從供應商管理和招標類采購工作兩方面提出解決方案。一方面要加強對供應商的管理,根據(jù)采購物資性質對供應商進行分類,建立并完善供應商數(shù)據(jù)庫。同時建立對供應商的評價和考核機制,完善供應商的進入準則和淘汰制度,促進供應商整體水平的提高,增強對供應商的影響和控制。同時針對項目中招標類采購比較多的情況,做好招標類采購的準備工作,根據(jù)采購項目的特點制定科學合理的評標方法,加強對投標人的資格審查工作并重視評標環(huán)節(jié),以確保選出合格中標人。本文還將以項目中一次采購實例為范本,證實改進效果是科學有效的。 本文整體采用科學規(guī)范的研究方法,通過S公司石化項目采購管理實踐,運用項目管理與采購管理相關的基本理論,針對采購管理工作中出現(xiàn)的問題提出解決方案。本文不僅是對項目前期采購工作進行總結,為未來項目的順利進展提供理論基礎,同時也會為國內(nèi)同行業(yè)內(nèi)類似項目提供借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, domestic demand for oil products has shown an increasing trend, and the quality of oil products has become increasingly demanding. Therefore, large domestic petrochemical enterprises have begun to build new petrochemical bases and start upgrading and upgrading existing refineries.Then a new batch of petrochemical engineering construction projects appeared.As an important part of petrochemical engineering construction project management, procurement management plays an important role in reducing project cost, ensuring the quality of materials and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.Through the effective procurement management, the limited funds can be fully utilized in the construction of the project, and the maximum value of the resources can be brought into play, thus providing material support for the promotion of the project and laying a solid foundation for the smooth completion of the project.Based on the large petrochemical project of S Company, this paper studies and analyzes the mode of procurement management of petrochemical project by means of investigation, data collection and theoretical knowledge of project management and procurement management.Through these analysis and research, this paper points out the problems existing in the current procurement management, and puts forward the corresponding solutions and countermeasures from the two aspects of purchasing plan formulation and procurement implementation.In the planning process of procurement, first of all, we should standardize the current procurement management organization and procurement implementation process, set up full-time procurement institutions, train full-time procurement personnel, concentrate the purchasing authority on full-time institutions, and streamline the approval process at the same time.In particular, the approval steps of the key links in the procurement process are streamlined to achieve the optimization of the project organization structure and the procurement process.In addition, the overall project work plan and key projects need to be analyzed in detail, and the main line of procurement should be determined.Make purchasing plan in the early stage of the project, verify and confirm the type of material required for project construction.The purchasing plan will be made according to the characteristics of the purchasing object, and the purchasing plan of centralized purchasing, early purchasing and framework agreement will be put forward to provide the goods and services needed by the project with the best quality and the most suitable cost.In the process of purchasing, the solutions are put forward from two aspects: supplier management and bidding.On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen the management of suppliers, classify suppliers according to the nature of procurement materials, and establish and perfect supplier databases.At the same time, the evaluation and evaluation mechanism of suppliers should be established, the entry criteria and elimination system of suppliers should be perfected, the overall level of suppliers should be improved, and the influence and control on suppliers should be strengthened.At the same time, in view of the large number of bidding procurement in the project, we should prepare the bidding procurement, formulate a scientific and reasonable bidding evaluation method according to the characteristics of the procurement project, strengthen the qualification examination of the bidders and attach importance to the bid evaluation.To ensure that successful bidders are selected.This article will also take a purchase example in the project as a model to prove that the improvement effect is scientific and effective.This article adopts the scientific standard research method, through the S company petrochemical project purchase management practice, uses the project management and the purchase management correlation basic theory, proposes the solution to the procurement management question which appears in the procurement management work.This paper is not only a summary of the pre-project procurement work to provide a theoretical basis for the smooth progress of future projects, but also a reference for similar projects in the same industry in China.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.722;F274

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