本文關(guān)鍵詞： 風電 調(diào)頻 風電補償 不平衡結(jié)算 聯(lián)合運行　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：風力資源作為可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略重要的補充能源,具有很大的利用價值,但由于風力資源的本身的多變性造成了風力發(fā)電中許多問題。因此在風電接入系統(tǒng)后,其出力的變化率是決定其接入系統(tǒng)頻率是否穩(wěn)定的一個重要因素。在較開放成熟的電力市場中,發(fā)電、輸電和配電是相互獨立的市場主體,其目標是實現(xiàn)各自的利潤最大化,但是各自追求利潤最大化的同時可能會對整個電力系統(tǒng)運行產(chǎn)生安全隱患,因此在成熟的電力市場紛紛對調(diào)頻服務(wù)引入新的獲取和定價的方法。我國的電力市場尚處于初級階段,輔助服務(wù)市場尚未引入競爭機制,輔助服務(wù)機制是“按需調(diào)度,基于成本進行補償”,重點強調(diào)了對提供輔助服務(wù)機組的補償問題,但對風電機組引發(fā)系統(tǒng)輔助服務(wù)的經(jīng)濟補償問題尚未涉及。而目前執(zhí)行的輔助服務(wù)補償分攤機制,是基于常規(guī)能源滿足負荷波動的前提下的,由于風電等可再生能源并網(wǎng)帶來的調(diào)頻服務(wù)需求增量并不在常規(guī)電源服務(wù)義務(wù)范圍之內(nèi),應(yīng)按一定原則予以補償。隨著風電大規(guī)模接入電網(wǎng),迫切需要考慮風電并網(wǎng)后引發(fā)輔助服務(wù)而出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟利益關(guān)系調(diào)整問題。針對以上問題,本文通過分析國外風電滲透率較高的國家對風電的政策支持以及其電力市場中調(diào)頻服務(wù)的交易方式,通過對風電調(diào)頻需量的測算和通過風電獲取調(diào)頻服務(wù)改善電網(wǎng)頻率波動性�；诹丝冃Ю碚撎岢隽艘哉{(diào)節(jié)里程為量化指標的調(diào)頻績效費用評估方法。再進一步根據(jù)區(qū)域控制偏差與機組出力的關(guān)系,提出了調(diào)頻動作的正確性和有效性判據(jù),據(jù)此提出了調(diào)頻貢獻度的概念和計算方法。提出了計劃體制下基于調(diào)頻貢獻度的調(diào)頻服務(wù)補償和分攤方式,以及市場化體制下調(diào)頻服務(wù)的市場化獲取手段,建議風電企業(yè)通過雙邊合同的方式從傳統(tǒng)能源發(fā)電企業(yè)獲取調(diào)頻服務(wù)。通過算例分析了風電接入后對電網(wǎng)頻率穩(wěn)定的影響,根據(jù)不平衡結(jié)算機制測算了風電直接與電網(wǎng)結(jié)算時所需承擔的調(diào)頻服務(wù)費用,通過風電與火電聯(lián)合運行的分鐘級出力曲線,計算了其調(diào)頻總里程和有效里程,再根據(jù)貢獻度進行了補償費用的分攤。
[Abstract]:Wind energy, as an important supplementary energy for sustainable development strategy, has great value of utilization. However, due to the variability of wind resource itself, there are many problems in wind power generation. Therefore, after wind power is connected to the system, In a more open and mature power market, power generation, transmission and distribution are independent market players whose goal is to maximize their respective profits. However, while pursuing the maximum profit, each may have a hidden danger to the operation of the whole power system at the same time. Therefore, new methods of obtaining and pricing FM services have been introduced in the mature power market. China's electricity market is still in the primary stage, and the auxiliary service market has not yet introduced a competitive mechanism, the auxiliary service mechanism is "on demand scheduling," Compensation based on cost "emphasizes the problem of compensation for auxiliary service units, but the problem of economic compensation for auxiliary services caused by wind turbines is not yet involved. It is based on the premise that conventional energy can meet the load fluctuation, because the increase of FM service demand brought by the connection of renewable energy such as wind power is not within the scope of the service obligation of conventional power supply. It is necessary to compensate according to certain principle. With the large-scale access of wind power to the power network, it is urgent to consider the adjustment of economic benefits caused by wind power grid connection. This paper analyzes the policy support of wind power in foreign countries with high wind power penetration and the transaction mode of FM service in their electricity market. Based on the performance theory, this paper puts forward a method to evaluate the frequency regulation cost of the frequency modulation system based on the performance theory, which is based on the calculation of the frequency regulation requirement of wind power and the improvement of the frequency fluctuation through the acquisition of the frequency modulation service by the wind power generation. According to the relationship between regional control deviation and unit output, In this paper, the correctness and validity criterion of FM action is put forward, the concept and calculation method of FM contribution degree are put forward, and the compensation and allocation method of FM service based on FM contribution degree under the planning system is put forward. The paper also suggests that wind power enterprises obtain FM services from traditional energy generation enterprises through bilateral contracts. The influence of wind power access on power grid frequency stability is analyzed through an example. According to the unbalanced settlement mechanism, the paper calculates the cost of FM service when wind power and power grid settle directly, and calculates the total mileage of frequency modulation and effective mileage of wind power and thermal power through the minute output curve of joint operation of wind power and thermal power. Then according to the contribution of the compensation cost allocation.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.61;TM614

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