本文關(guān)鍵詞： 地質(zhì)勘查 事業(yè)單位 改革　出處：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：地質(zhì)勘查事業(yè)單位主要是專門從事基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)的普查、勘探和調(diào)查研究等方面工作的社會(huì)服務(wù)型組織。黨的十一屆三中全會(huì)以后,隨著改革開放和社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的逐步建立,地質(zhì)勘查事業(yè)單位在管理體制和運(yùn)行機(jī)制上暴露出了許多矛盾和問題,嚴(yán)重束縛了其發(fā)展、創(chuàng)新和勘查成果的轉(zhuǎn)化,影響了國家經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和政治體制改革的進(jìn)一步深入。 為此,國家對(duì)地質(zhì)勘查行業(yè)進(jìn)行了一系列改革,地質(zhì)勘查行業(yè)走過了一段異常艱苦的探索歷程。但是,以往歷次改革的推動(dòng)者都僅僅是部門或行業(yè),缺乏來自國家層面的統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃和部署,更沒有制定明確的改革目標(biāo)和步驟。所有的地勘事業(yè)單位都是被動(dòng)進(jìn)行改革,改革的總體方向是“市場化”和“企業(yè)化”。長時(shí)間的探索和國家政策的變化,以及地勘事業(yè)單位想在事業(yè)體制下實(shí)現(xiàn)資本快速積累和加快發(fā)展的思路,致使地勘事業(yè)單位成為“帶事業(yè)的帽子,走企業(yè)的路子”的畸形形態(tài)。因此,盡管地勘事業(yè)單位的改革起步較早,但是進(jìn)展緩慢。沒有和改革相配套的政策與措施,改革的目的主要是解決地勘事業(yè)單位的生存問題,沒有考慮到地勘行業(yè)發(fā)展和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要,從改革的實(shí)質(zhì)而言,這屬于國家相關(guān)部門和行業(yè)的“卸包袱”。 地勘事業(yè)單位區(qū)別于一般事業(yè)單位的特殊性,它對(duì)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的推動(dòng)作用,它所背負(fù)的沉重的歷史包袱和積累多年的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,都決定了地勘單位改革不能單純的直接的“企業(yè)化”和“市場化”。畢竟,事業(yè)單位和企業(yè)在單位屬性、制度設(shè)計(jì),以及監(jiān)管體系等方面都有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。改革不能變?yōu)楹唵蔚摹靶栋ぁ?我們必須由國家層面著手,通過對(duì)體制決策和運(yùn)行機(jī)制的調(diào)整,在順應(yīng)改革的前提下,在適當(dāng)減輕政府財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)的基礎(chǔ)上,考慮到地勘行業(yè)特點(diǎn)和單位特殊性,正確區(qū)分不同類型后才能進(jìn)行。 本文通過分析不同時(shí)期、不同政策下,國家對(duì)事業(yè)單位改革所采取的不同方式,對(duì)四川地勘事業(yè)單位改革的實(shí)踐過程進(jìn)行審視,對(duì)其歷史存在的問題和制約性因素進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而揭示阻礙四川地勘事業(yè)單位改革進(jìn)一步深化的現(xiàn)實(shí)原因。并且,在對(duì)國外地勘組織的形式和運(yùn)作方式進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn),以求對(duì)四川地勘事業(yè)單位改革方向有所啟示。 本文希望,通過對(duì)地勘事業(yè)單位在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)等現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況的分析,以及對(duì)國家在決策、服務(wù)、監(jiān)管等方面政策的梳理,能夠?qū)λ拇ǖ乜笔聵I(yè)單位改革成功提出一些建議。通過探討,本文指出四川的地勘事業(yè)單位改革要獲得成功,就必須正確處理好改革、發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定三者之間的關(guān)系,指出當(dāng)前改革的方向應(yīng)該是將四川現(xiàn)有地勘事業(yè)單位按其現(xiàn)有職能進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變,劃入公益類型。
[Abstract]:The geological survey institutions is mainly specialized in basic geological survey, social service organizations, exploration and research work of the party. After the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, with the gradual establishment of the reform and opening up and socialist market economic system, the cause of geological prospecting units in the management system and operation mechanism has exposed many contradictions and problems, serious constraints the development and transformation of innovation and exploration, affected the deepening reform of economic system and political system.
To this end, the state has made a series of reform of the geological exploration industry, geological exploration industry through a difficult exploration process. However, all previous reforms are just the enabler sector or industry, the lack of unified planning and deployment from the national level, but has not formulated the reform target and step clear. All of the geological exploration the institutions are passive to reform, the overall direction of the reform is to "market" and "enterprise." long time and explore the changes of national policy, as well as the geological prospecting units to achieve rapid capital accumulation and accelerate the development of the ideas in the business system, resulting in the geological prospecting units become "cause hat, deformities follow the path". Therefore, although the geological exploration units reform started earlier, but the slow progress and reform policies and measures. No matching, the main purpose of the reform If we solve the problem of Geological Prospecting Institutions' survival, we will not take into account the needs of the development of geological prospecting industry and the development of national economy and society.
The particularity of the geological prospecting units from the general institutions, it is on the national economy and social development impetus, it bear the heavy historical burden and the accumulation of years of practical problems, have decided the reform of geological prospecting units can not only direct the "enterprise" and "market". After all, the cause of the design of system units and enterprises in the unit, and property supervision system are essentially different. The reform cannot be converted into a simple "xiebaofu", we must start from the national level, the system of decision-making and operation of the adjustment mechanism, in the premise of following the reform, on the basis of appropriate to reduce the fiscal burden of government on considering the special characteristics of the unit and the geological prospecting industry, in order to correctly distinguish between different types.
In this paper, through the analysis of different period, different policies, different countries have taken in the reform of institutions, the practice of the reform process of Sichuan Geological Prospecting Institutions examine the historical problems and restrictive factors are analyzed, which reveals the realistic reason to further deepen the reform of the geological prospecting units of Sichuan block. And based on the analysis of foreign geological prospecting organization form and operation mode, summed up the experience, to the direction of the reform of Sichuan geological prospecting institutions have implications.
We hope that, through the geological prospecting units in the political, economic and social analysis of the reality of the situation, and to the countries in the decision-making, service, and other aspects of the regulatory policy of the sort, to the reform of Sichuan geological prospecting institutions put forward some suggestions. Through the discussion, this paper points out that the reform of Sichuan Geological Prospecting Institutions to obtain to succeed, we must deal with the relationship between reform, development and stability of the three, and points out the direction of reform should be to the existing Sichuan geological prospecting institutions change according to its existing functions into public service types.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F426.1

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