本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏產(chǎn)業(yè) 扶持性政策 政策工具 政策績(jī)效　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在政府的大力扶持下,我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的規(guī)模擴(kuò)張速度空前,產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚效應(yīng)增強(qiáng)。但這種盛況并未持續(xù)很久,2011年起出現(xiàn)的市場(chǎng)需求萎縮、產(chǎn)能?chē)?yán)重過(guò)剩、企業(yè)紛紛破產(chǎn)等問(wèn)題讓我們開(kāi)始反思政府扶持對(duì)于產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的影響。探究我國(guó)現(xiàn)有光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持性政策體系是否合理,以及政策工具的使用績(jī)效如何對(duì)于我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)健康持久的發(fā)展具有重要意義。 本研究首先分析了世界主要國(guó)家光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及典型的扶持性政策,并對(duì)自由經(jīng)濟(jì)局面和政策驅(qū)動(dòng)局面兩種情境下世界扶持性政策的效果進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè)。 本研究立足于政策文本本身,從產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、市場(chǎng)滲透、政策工具三個(gè)角度對(duì)政策工具進(jìn)行了分類(lèi)。筆者在已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,首次提出政策工具的三維分析框架,第一維度是政策工具的分類(lèi),第二維度是光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)活動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)的分類(lèi),第三維度是發(fā)布單位級(jí)別的分類(lèi)。通過(guò)對(duì)1994年至2014年政策文本的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,得出結(jié)論：我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持性政策工具的應(yīng)用不平衡,偏重于環(huán)境型和供給型政策工具；產(chǎn)業(yè)活動(dòng)階段的政策工具分布不合理,主要集中于投資、生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)階段。 我國(guó)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持性政策的實(shí)際績(jī)效評(píng)估顯示：供給型政策工具對(duì)于產(chǎn)業(yè)的短期擴(kuò)張具有明顯效果,但整體經(jīng)濟(jì)效益偏低；環(huán)境型政策工具有利于營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境、平衡市場(chǎng)供求；需求型政策工具具有較好的“投入——產(chǎn)出”效益,能夠激勵(lì)企業(yè)提高生產(chǎn)效率,維護(hù)市場(chǎng)的公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng),對(duì)光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的良性發(fā)展具有積極作用。 最后,筆者提出了光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的扶持性政策的“三階段”理想模式,并結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)實(shí)際情況及國(guó)際成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the strong support of the government, the scale of photovoltaic industry in our country is expanding at an unprecedented speed and the effect of industrial agglomeration is increasing. However, this kind of boom has not lasted for a long time. Since 2011, the market demand has shrunk and the production capacity has been seriously overcapacity. The bankruptcy of enterprises has made us start to reflect on the impact of government support on the development of industry, and explore whether the existing supportive policy system of photovoltaic industry in China is reasonable. And how the performance of the use of policy tools for the healthy and sustainable development of photovoltaic industry in China is of great significance. This paper first analyzes the current situation and typical supportive policies of photovoltaic industry in major countries in the world, and forecasts the effects of the world's supportive policies under the two situations of free economy and policy-driven. Based on the policy text itself, this paper classifies the policy tools from three angles: industrial chain, market penetration and policy tools. Based on the existing research, the author puts forward the three-dimensional analysis framework of policy tools for the first time. The first dimension is the classification of policy tools, the second dimension is the classification of photovoltaic industry activity link, the third dimension is the classification of publishing unit level. The conclusions are as follows: the application of supporting policy tools in photovoltaic industry in China is unbalanced, and emphasis is placed on environmental and supply-oriented policy tools, and the distribution of policy tools in industrial activity stage is unreasonable, mainly focusing on the stages of investment, production and consumption. The actual performance evaluation of the supporting policies of photovoltaic industry in China shows that the supply-oriented policy tools have obvious effects on the short-term expansion of the industry, but the overall economic benefits are low, and the environment-oriented policy tools are conducive to creating a fair and competitive market environment. Balancing market supply and demand, demand-oriented policy tools have better input-output benefits, can stimulate enterprises to improve production efficiency, maintain fair competition in the market, and play a positive role in the benign development of photovoltaic industry. Finally, the author puts forward the "three-stage" ideal model of the supporting policy of photovoltaic industry, and puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions according to the domestic actual situation and the international successful experience.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.6

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