本文關(guān)鍵詞： 制造業(yè) 勞動(dòng)力供需 轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期　出處：《上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)制造業(yè)經(jīng)過(guò)三十多年的發(fā)展,其工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值已經(jīng)位居世界前列,對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也起到越來(lái)越重要的作用,特別是在當(dāng)下的轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展時(shí)期,中國(guó)制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力供需面臨的形勢(shì)將更加復(fù)雜。對(duì)勞動(dòng)力供需預(yù)測(cè)方法的總結(jié)和梳理后,選擇定量與定性相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行分析預(yù)測(cè),‘圍繞制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力供需現(xiàn)狀和2020年前的勞動(dòng)力供需形勢(shì)展開(kāi)討論。其次,分別研究預(yù)測(cè)了勞動(dòng)密集型、技術(shù)密集型兩大制造業(yè)行業(yè)的勞動(dòng)力供需概況,最后結(jié)合典型的企業(yè)案例提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。比較全面和系統(tǒng)地闡述我國(guó)制造業(yè)企業(yè)未來(lái)幾年勞動(dòng)力的供需變化、用工特點(diǎn)及趨勢(shì)。 預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果表明2020年前制造業(yè)企業(yè)就業(yè)數(shù)量將維持在1.2-1.6億左右,而勞動(dòng)力供給趨勢(shì)顯示將有較充足的勞動(dòng)力人口供給保障。近些年企業(yè)面臨的“招工難”的問(wèn)題根源并不是因?yàn)閯趧?dòng)力供需數(shù)量本身的失衡,而是因?yàn)槭艿絼趧?dòng)力供給的人員結(jié)構(gòu)、年齡、受教育程度、新生代制造業(yè)就業(yè)群體需求變化以及轉(zhuǎn)型期的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等影響,制造業(yè)企業(yè)想要招聘符合企業(yè)發(fā)展要求的人才,難度加大。另外,通過(guò)分行業(yè)研究和預(yù)測(cè)可以看出轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期下的勞動(dòng)密集型制造業(yè)應(yīng)將員工管理模式作為企業(yè)發(fā)展的重點(diǎn),而技術(shù)密集型制造業(yè)應(yīng)強(qiáng)化技術(shù)人員的培訓(xùn)發(fā)展體系建設(shè)。相同的是,制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力對(duì)技術(shù)類人員的需求明顯增加,在人口老齡化日益嚴(yán)重的未來(lái),應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)提高人口質(zhì)量,一方面政府可以通過(guò)宏觀政策調(diào)控給予制造業(yè)企業(yè)更多的支持,另一方面企業(yè)本身也需要根據(jù)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)變化,踐行“以人為本”,大力建設(shè)人才培養(yǎng)體系。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years' development, China's manufacturing industry has already ranked the forefront of the world's total industrial output value, which plays an increasingly important role in China's economic development, especially in the current period of transformation and development. The situation of labor supply and demand in Chinese manufacturing industry will be more complicated. After summing up and combing the forecasting methods of labor supply and demand, we choose the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze and forecast. The current situation of labor supply and demand of manufacturing industry and the situation of labor supply and demand before 2020 are discussed. Secondly, the situation of labor supply and demand in two major manufacturing industries, labor-intensive and technology-intensive, is studied and forecasted respectively. In the end, some policy suggestions are put forward in the light of typical enterprise cases. The changes of labor supply and demand, characteristics and trends of labor force in China's manufacturing enterprises in the next few years are expounded in a comprehensive and systematic way. The forecast shows that the number of manufacturing jobs will remain around 120 million to 16 million until 2020. The trend of labor supply shows that there will be sufficient supply of labor force. In recent years, the problem of "employment difficulties" faced by enterprises is not due to the imbalance of the quantity of labor supply and demand itself. But because of the labor supply of personnel structure, age, education level, the new generation of manufacturing employment group demand changes, as well as the macroeconomic situation in the transition period, industrial structure adjustment and so on. Manufacturing enterprises want to recruit qualified personnel to meet the requirements of enterprise development, the difficulty. In addition. Through the research and prediction of different industries, we can see that the labor-intensive manufacturing industry in the transition period should take the employee management model as the focus of enterprise development. But the technology-intensive manufacturing industry should strengthen the construction of the technical personnel training and development system. Similarly, the manufacturing labor demand for the technical personnel has increased significantly, in the future, the aging population is becoming more and more serious. Emphasis should be placed on improving the quality of the population. On the one hand, the government can give more support to manufacturing enterprises through macroeconomic policy control, on the other hand, enterprises themselves also need to practice "people-oriented" in accordance with changes in the labour market. We will make great efforts to build a talent training system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會(huì)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2;F425

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