日本加入TPP對其農(nóng)業(yè)的影響分析
[Abstract]:Since the United States formally led the TPP negotiations in 2010, TPP has been a hot issue of global concern for many years. Japan formally joined the TPP negotiations on July 23, 2013, and became the 12th member of the TPP. On February 4, 2016, 12 countries such as the United States, Japan and Australia formally signed the TPP Agreement. TPP was carried out under the leadership of the United States. It can be said that the TPP itself reflects the strategic intent of the United States. President Obama's announcement that his participation in the TPP talks has the support of most business groups in the United States is a testament to the fact that the TPP is in line with some of the goals of U.S. trade policy, especially with regard to the strategic intentions of the Asia-Pacific region. In terms of the content of TPP, the agreement not only includes liberalization agreements on trade in goods and services, but also covers liberalization of investment, rules of origin, labor rights and environmental protection, intellectual property rights, as well as traditional economic and trade agreements. Government procurement, tariff procedures, technical barriers to trade, e-commerce transactions and other non-traditional areas. For Japan, accession to the TPP is a decision made by the Japanese government from a comprehensive perspective. Joining TPP is helpful for Japan to boost exports and realize economic rejuvenation. But Japan only decided to participate in the TPP negotiations in 2013 because of Japan's agriculture, which is not a high proportion of GDP, but because of its important strategic role, it has always been protected in its trade agreements with other countries. Agriculture is basically a reserved item. If the TPP is agreed, a lot of cheap produce will be sold to Japan, and Japan's agricultural market could be destroyed, which is unacceptable to Japan. The Japanese government and the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have tried out the impact of participating in the TPP on Japanese agriculture. In 2010, Estimates from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries show that joining the TPP would cost Japan 7.9 trillion Japanese dollars. On March 15, 2013, the figure fell to 2.96 trillion yen, according to the Japanese government's unified calculation. After the TPP was reached, the Japanese government thought the previous calculation was too pessimistic and should be recalculated in accordance with the terms of the agreement. Results according to the latest estimates released by the Japanese government on December 24, 2015, the impact on the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries was between 130 billion and 210 billion, and the impact could be negligible, taking into account the policy support of the Japanese government's agricultural policy. That is, whether the total production of agriculture, forestry and fishery industry or Japan's food self-sufficiency rate can remain unchanged. Based on the TPP agreement and the Japanese government's trial calculation, we can speculate that the impact of TPP on Japanese agriculture may lead to an increase in Japan's agricultural imports, a decrease in domestic production in Japan, a decline in the price of Japanese agricultural products, and a decline in the management willingness of agricultural practitioners. The market for agricultural products is more competitive, food safety rules will change. For the key agricultural products in Japan, the amount of rice production and output will not be affected under the measures of strengthening physique and managing stability. The yield of wheat will not change, but the output value of wheat may decrease to a certain extent because of the decline of wheat price, and the yield of barley will not change, and the output value of barley may decrease to a certain extent. The yield of beef, pork and dairy products will not change, but the output value may drop by a relatively large margin; the yield of sugar crops will not change, and the output value may drop by a small margin. Accession to the TPP is both an opportunity and a challenge for Japanese agriculture. Under the TPP rules, it will be more conducive to the reform of Japanese agriculture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:F331.3;F744
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