本文選題：電子商務(wù) + 貿(mào)易中介��； 參考：《浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來電子商務(wù)成為跨境貿(mào)易中的越來越普遍使用的全新交易模式，其對(duì)國際貿(mào)易的重要性日益凸顯，關(guān)于電子商務(wù)在跨境貿(mào)易中應(yīng)用的進(jìn)一步研究，對(duì)處于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的中國，政府如何制定企業(yè)出口的扶持政策、企業(yè)如何制定出口決策，從而促進(jìn)我們外貿(mào)經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)健增長具有重要的意義。本文主要討論了電子商務(wù)的使用對(duì)于企業(yè)出口參與以及企業(yè)出口密集度、企業(yè)出口模式選擇的微觀作用機(jī)制。電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展及其對(duì)國際貿(mào)易的影響一直受到學(xué)術(shù)界的廣泛關(guān)注，而目前國外的研究關(guān)注的主要是較為宏觀的層面，如國家、行業(yè)等，微觀層面的研究較為缺乏。而國內(nèi)的相關(guān)研究基本都停留在描述層面，目前還沒有較為系統(tǒng)的理論與經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究。本文的研究彌補(bǔ)了現(xiàn)有貿(mào)易理論研究忽視電子商務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)模式的缺陷，以及微觀層面經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究缺乏的局限性。 首先，本文對(duì)電子商務(wù)、貿(mào)易中介與國際貿(mào)易三者相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行了梳理，所涉及的文獻(xiàn)研究表明，電子商務(wù)時(shí)代，貿(mào)易中介在國際貿(mào)易中扮演的角色逐漸發(fā)生變化。電子商務(wù)的出現(xiàn)使得貿(mào)易中介不僅沒有消失，而且呈現(xiàn)新的演化特征。由于電子商務(wù)的重要性，需要在現(xiàn)有新新貿(mào)易理論和貿(mào)易中介理論中引入這一因素，進(jìn)一步從理論和經(jīng)驗(yàn)兩方面研究電子商務(wù)、新型貿(mào)易中介對(duì)國際貿(mào)易發(fā)展的作用。 其次，本文對(duì)電子商務(wù)是否提高企業(yè)出口可能性進(jìn)行研究。本文基于異質(zhì)性企業(yè)壟斷競(jìng)爭模型的分析表明，電子商務(wù)促進(jìn)了企業(yè)參與出口的可能性，提高了企業(yè)出口密集度，即促進(jìn)我國企業(yè)出口擴(kuò)展邊際以及集約邊際出口增長，而這種貿(mào)易促進(jìn)作用大小又與企業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率正相關(guān)�；谑澜玢y行2005年中國企業(yè)微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，本文利用Probit以及Fractional Probit模型從出口可能性與出口密度兩個(gè)維度對(duì)上述結(jié)論進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，并用廣義傾向得分匹配法（GPSN）對(duì)可能存在的內(nèi)生性問題加以控制。經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果支持了理論模型的基本結(jié)論，即電子商務(wù)具有顯著的貿(mào)易促進(jìn)作用，雖然本文的結(jié)論也支持低效率企業(yè)出口的“生產(chǎn)率悖論”現(xiàn)象，但發(fā)現(xiàn)電子商務(wù)在邊際上緩解了這種悖論。此外，企業(yè)外資比率和企業(yè)規(guī)模等顯著提高了企業(yè)出口可能性和出口密集度,企業(yè)研發(fā)投入對(duì)出口決策影響顯著；分不同規(guī)模和所有制的比較分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展對(duì)大規(guī)模企業(yè)促進(jìn)作用大于小規(guī)模企業(yè)、外資企業(yè)大于內(nèi)資企業(yè)、民營企業(yè)大于國有企業(yè)。 最后，本文分析了電子商務(wù)使用程度對(duì)企業(yè)直接或間接出口方式選擇行為的影響。本文在貿(mào)易中介模型中引入電子商務(wù)變量，模型分析表明電子商務(wù)對(duì)于企業(yè)出口方式的選擇是不確定的。在此基礎(chǔ)之上，本文基于世界銀行中國企業(yè)2012年的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)，經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究表明，，電子商務(wù)促使我國更多的企業(yè)選擇間接出口，并提高了企業(yè)間接出口的比例，這說明電子商務(wù)背景下新型貿(mào)易中介對(duì)于企業(yè)出口有顯著影響，第三方專業(yè)跨境電子商務(wù)平臺(tái)的構(gòu)建有助于促進(jìn)我國出口的增長。 本文研究的主要貢獻(xiàn)：1）在異質(zhì)性企業(yè)壟斷競(jìng)爭模型中引入電子商務(wù)使用程度指標(biāo)，從新的視角分析了新型商務(wù)模式對(duì)于企業(yè)出口可能性的影響，并利用世界銀行中國企業(yè)微觀數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)；2）在異質(zhì)性貿(mào)易中介理論中引入電子商務(wù)因素，利用世界銀行中國企業(yè)微觀數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)電子商務(wù)對(duì)企業(yè)出口模式行為的影響進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)；3)本研究彌補(bǔ)了現(xiàn)有貿(mào)易理論研究的不足，突破了現(xiàn)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究較為宏觀層面的局限性，有利于我們更清楚的了解電子商務(wù)在跨境貿(mào)易中的應(yīng)用，為政府部門的出口扶持政策的制定提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:E-commerce has become a more and more widely used new transaction mode in cross-border trade in recent years. Its importance to international trade is becoming more and more important. Further research on the application of e-commerce in cross-border trade is further studied. For China in the period of economic transition, how to formulate the support policy for the export of enterprises and how to formulate export decisions by the government in the period of economic transition period It is of great significance to promote the steady growth of our foreign trade economy. This paper mainly discusses the micro effect mechanism of the use of e-commerce on the export participation of enterprises, the export density of enterprises and the selection of enterprise export patterns. The development of e-commerce and its impact on international trade have been widely concerned by the academic circles. At present, foreign research mainly focuses on the macro level, such as the state, industry, and so on, and the research on the micro level is relatively lack. And the domestic related research is basically in the description level, and there is no systematic theory and experience research at present. This research makes up for the current trade theory research to ignore the e-commerce economy. The limitations of the model and the lack of empirical research at the micro level.
First of all, this paper combs the relationship between e-commerce, trade intermediary and international trade. The literature research involved shows that the role of trade intermediary in the international trade is changing gradually in the era of electronic commerce. The emergence of E-commerce makes trade intermediaries not only disappear, but also present new evolutionary characteristics. Because of the emergence of electronic commerce, the trade intermediary has not only disappeared, but also presents a new evolution feature. The importance of e-commerce requires the introduction of this factor in the existing new trade theory and trade intermediary theory, and further studies the role of electronic commerce and new trade intermediaries on the development of international trade from two aspects of theory and experience.
Secondly, this paper studies whether e-commerce can improve the export possibility of enterprises. Based on the analysis of the model of heterogeneous enterprise monopoly competition, this paper shows that e-commerce promotes the possibility of enterprises to participate in export, and improves the export density of enterprises, that is to promote the export growth margin of Chinese enterprises and the increase of intensive marginal export. The size of trade promotion is positively related to the efficiency of enterprise production. Based on the world bank's microcosmic survey data of Chinese enterprises in 2005, this paper uses the Probit and the Fractional Probit model to test the above conclusions from two dimensions of export possibility and export density, and use the generalized tilting score matching method (GPSN) for the possible endogenous existence. The results of the empirical study support the basic conclusion of the theoretical model that e-commerce has a significant trade promotion effect. Although the conclusion of this paper also supports the "productivity paradox" phenomenon of low efficiency enterprise exports, it is found that e-commerce has alleviated this paradox at the marginal level. In addition, the ratio of foreign capital and enterprises. Scale and so on significantly improved the export possibility and export density of enterprises, and the impact of R & D investment on export decision-making was significant. The comparative analysis of different scale and ownership found that the development of e-commerce was greater than the small scale enterprises, the foreign enterprises were larger than the domestic enterprises, and the private enterprises were larger than the state-owned enterprises.
Finally, this paper analyzes the effect of e-commerce usage on the choice behavior of direct or indirect export mode. In this paper, e-commerce variables are introduced in the trade intermediary model. The model analysis shows that e-commerce is uncertain for the choice of enterprise export mode. Based on this, this paper is based on the world bank Chinese enterprise 2012 The survey data of the year have been tested. Empirical research shows that e-commerce has prompted more enterprises to choose indirect exports and increased the proportion of indirect export of enterprises. This shows that the new trade intermediary has a significant impact on the export of enterprises in the context of e-commerce. The construction of the third party specialized cross-border E-commerce platform helps to promote me. The growth of country exports.
The main contributions of this study are as follows: 1) introducing the index of the use of e-business in the heterogeneous enterprise monopoly competition model, analyzing the influence of the new business model on the export possibility of the enterprise from a new perspective, and using the micro data of the world bank's Chinese enterprises to test it; 2) introducing the electronics in the heterogeneous trade intermediary theory. Business factors, using the microcosmic data of the world bank's Chinese enterprises, test the impact of e-commerce on enterprise export model behavior; 3) this study makes up for the shortage of existing trade theory research and breaks through the limitations of the existing empirical research at the macro level, which is favorable for us to know more clearly about e-commerce in cross-border trade. The application will provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of export support policies of government departments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F724.6;F752.62

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