FDI對(duì)天津市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的影響分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-14 08:18
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的進(jìn)一步深化,FDI呈現(xiàn)出發(fā)展迅速、來(lái)源廣泛以及方式多樣等特征,并逐漸成為世界各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的重要推動(dòng)力量。FDI是綜合資金、技術(shù)、管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)等諸多要素的國(guó)際化資本,FDI的流入會(huì)產(chǎn)生資本供給效應(yīng)、技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)、就業(yè)效應(yīng)、貿(mào)易效應(yīng)等一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng),從而對(duì)東道國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展起到推動(dòng)作用。FDI的規(guī)模與結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)東道國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、就業(yè)等均可產(chǎn)生不可忽視的影響。近年,伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的不斷推進(jìn),天津市已形成了有一定集聚規(guī)模的高端制造業(yè),尤其以航空航天、新能源汽車、新材料、生物醫(yī)藥、新能源、節(jié)能環(huán)保、現(xiàn)代石化、現(xiàn)代冶金等產(chǎn)業(yè)為代表。但是,當(dāng)前天津市第三產(chǎn)業(yè)及新興服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展緩慢的問題日益凸顯。在自貿(mào)區(qū)成立、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展的背景下,作為我國(guó)第三經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極,天津市既要在我國(guó)區(qū)域發(fā)展的總體格局中發(fā)揮引領(lǐng)作用,又要在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)舞臺(tái)上擴(kuò)大開放。隨著對(duì)投資綜合效應(yīng)的深入研究,通過吸引外資帶動(dòng)技術(shù)進(jìn)步從而進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)已成為天津市引進(jìn)外資時(shí)不可忽視的著力點(diǎn)。因此,天津市迫切需要抓住機(jī)遇,合理引進(jìn)并利用FDI來(lái)優(yōu)化調(diào)整自身產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)注重提高引進(jìn)外資的質(zhì)量和效益。本文將結(jié)合天津市利用外資的特征,從FDI及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演進(jìn)相關(guān)理論著手,歸納總結(jié)天津市利用FDI及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,并對(duì)FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)構(gòu)成產(chǎn)生的影響展開實(shí)證分析,最后提出圍繞天津市擴(kuò)大引進(jìn)FDI帶動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整及經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)提出相關(guān)政策建議。本文主要由五個(gè)部分組成。第一部分為緒論。第二部分回顧和評(píng)述了 FDI及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整相關(guān)理論,并總結(jié)分析FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的影響機(jī)制。第三部分對(duì)天津市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)特征與存在的問題以及FDI的來(lái)源、類型、產(chǎn)業(yè)行業(yè)分布等展開了詳細(xì)分析,并結(jié)合天津市實(shí)際情況研究FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的影響。第四部分首先引入了 "區(qū)域吸收能力指標(biāo)",建立VAR模型,在對(duì)模型進(jìn)行相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)后,運(yùn)用脈沖響應(yīng)函數(shù)分析各因素對(duì)FDI與"區(qū)域吸收能力"指標(biāo)對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的影響,并運(yùn)用方差分解分析各變量對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)影響的貢獻(xiàn)度。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整優(yōu)化有正向的影響作用,同時(shí)"區(qū)域吸收能力"的提升對(duì)FDI對(duì)天津市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)有促進(jìn)作用。第五部分首先歸納了全文的研究結(jié)論,然后結(jié)合天津市實(shí)際情況,就如何利用FDI促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化以帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議,并為環(huán)渤海經(jīng)濟(jì)圈及目前利用外資水平偏低的中西部地區(qū),通過合理引進(jìn)FDI實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整提供借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于:第一,構(gòu)建產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的測(cè)度指標(biāo)—產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)層次系數(shù),使天津市近年來(lái)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化得以量化,之前的學(xué)者在FDI對(duì)天津市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面的研究較少。第二,本文總結(jié)了 FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整優(yōu)化的影響機(jī)制,分別從資本供給效應(yīng)、技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)、就業(yè)效應(yīng)以及貿(mào)易效應(yīng)等幾個(gè)方面,對(duì)FDI對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的影響進(jìn)行歸納。第三,鑒于影響產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)因素的復(fù)雜性,本文創(chuàng)造性的引入"區(qū)域吸收能力"指標(biāo),構(gòu)建VAR模型來(lái)實(shí)證分析FDI和人力資本水平、對(duì)外開放程度及技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系。同時(shí),受到筆者研究水平的限制,本文也存在以下不足之處:由于數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)源的限制,進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析時(shí)本文選取的樣本數(shù)據(jù)缺失的部分采用估算數(shù)據(jù),可能會(huì)對(duì)估計(jì)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響。另外,本文所構(gòu)建的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)層次系數(shù)偏向于簡(jiǎn)單化,可能與準(zhǔn)確衡量產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)狀況存在一定差距。本文是在本人現(xiàn)有水平和搜集資料的基礎(chǔ)上,做一些試探性研究并提出自己的想法。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the economic globalization, FDI has the characteristics of rapid development, wide source and diversified modes, and has become an important driving force in the economic development of all countries in the world. FDI is the international capital of many factors such as comprehensive fund, technology and management experience. The inflow of FDI can produce a series of economic effects such as capital supply effect, technology spillover effect, employment effect and trade effect, so as to promote the economic development of the host country. The scale and structure of FDI can have a non-negligible effect on the host country's economic growth, industrial structure adjustment and employment. In recent years, with the continuous development of economic system reform, Tianjin has formed a high-end manufacturing industry with a certain concentration scale, especially in the fields of aerospace, new energy vehicles, new materials, biological medicine, new energy, energy-saving and environment-friendly, modern petrifaction, modern metallurgy and other industries. However, the problems of the development of the tertiary industry and the new service industry in Tianjin are becoming more and more prominent. In the context of the establishment of the Free Trade Zone and the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, as the third economic growth pole of our country, Tianjin will play a leading role in the overall pattern of regional development in China, and to expand the opening of the world economic stage. With the further study of the comprehensive effect of the investment, by attracting the foreign capital to drive the technological progress, further promoting the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure has become a point of focus that cannot be ignored in the introduction of foreign investment in Tianjin. Therefore, it is urgent to seize the opportunity, to introduce and use FDI to optimize the adjustment of the industrial structure, and to improve the quality and benefit of the introduction of foreign capital. Based on the characteristics of the utilization of foreign capital in Tianjin, this paper proceeds from the theory of FDI and the evolution of industrial structure, summarizes the present situation and existing problems of the utilization of FDI and the industrial structure in Tianjin, and makes an empirical analysis of the impact of FDI on the industrial structure. Finally, the paper puts forward the relevant policy suggestions about the expansion of FDI in Tianjin to drive the industrial structure adjustment and economic growth. This paper is mainly composed of five parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part reviews and comments on the theory of FDI and industrial structure adjustment, and summarizes the influence mechanism of FDI on the upgrading of industrial structure. The third part analyzes the structure and the existing problems of Tianjin's industrial structure and the source, type and industry distribution of the FDI, and studies the effect of FDI on the industrial structure adjustment in combination with the actual situation of Tianjin. In the fourth part, the regional absorptive capacity index is introduced, and the VAR model is established. After the correlation test is carried out on the model, the influence of each factor on the upgrading of the industrial structure is analyzed by using the impulse response function, and the contribution degree of each variable to the industrial structure is analyzed by using the variance decomposition. The empirical results show that FDI has a positive effect on the optimization of industrial structure, and the promotion of "regional absorptive capacity" has a catalytic effect on the upgrading of industrial structure in Tianjin. The fifth part first sums up the research conclusion of the full text, then combined with the actual situation in Tianjin, how to use the FDI to promote the industrial structure adjustment and optimization to drive the economic growth to put forward the corresponding policy suggestion, and it is the central and western region of the Bohai economic circle and the current level of foreign capital utilization, Through the rational introduction of the FDI to realize the industrial structure adjustment, provide the reference experience. The innovation of this paper is that the first, to construct the measure index of the optimization of the industrial structure and the level coefficient of the industrial structure, make the change of the industrial structure of Tianjin in recent years be quantified, and the previous scholars have little research on the industrial structure of Tianjin. Secondly, this paper sums up the influence mechanism of FDI on the optimization of industrial structure adjustment, and sums up the effect of FDI on the upgrading of industrial structure from several aspects such as capital supply effect, technology spillover effect, employment effect and trade effect. Third, in view of the complexity of the factors that affect the upgrading of the industrial structure, this paper introduces the "regional absorptive capacity" index and constructs the VAR model to analyze the relationship between the level of FDI and human capital, the degree of opening to the outside world and the technological innovation ability and the industrial structure. At the same time, subject to the limitation of the author's research level, this paper also has the following defects: due to the limitation of the data source, the part of the sample data missing from the empirical analysis is used to estimate the data, which may have an effect on the estimation result. In addition, the structural level of the industrial structure, which is constructed in this paper, is biased to the simplification, and there is a certain gap between the state of the industrial structure and the accurate measurement of the industrial structure. This paper, on the basis of my current level and data collection, makes some tentative research and puts forward its own ideas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F127
本文編號(hào)：2330612
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the economic globalization, FDI has the characteristics of rapid development, wide source and diversified modes, and has become an important driving force in the economic development of all countries in the world. FDI is the international capital of many factors such as comprehensive fund, technology and management experience. The inflow of FDI can produce a series of economic effects such as capital supply effect, technology spillover effect, employment effect and trade effect, so as to promote the economic development of the host country. The scale and structure of FDI can have a non-negligible effect on the host country's economic growth, industrial structure adjustment and employment. In recent years, with the continuous development of economic system reform, Tianjin has formed a high-end manufacturing industry with a certain concentration scale, especially in the fields of aerospace, new energy vehicles, new materials, biological medicine, new energy, energy-saving and environment-friendly, modern petrifaction, modern metallurgy and other industries. However, the problems of the development of the tertiary industry and the new service industry in Tianjin are becoming more and more prominent. In the context of the establishment of the Free Trade Zone and the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, as the third economic growth pole of our country, Tianjin will play a leading role in the overall pattern of regional development in China, and to expand the opening of the world economic stage. With the further study of the comprehensive effect of the investment, by attracting the foreign capital to drive the technological progress, further promoting the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure has become a point of focus that cannot be ignored in the introduction of foreign investment in Tianjin. Therefore, it is urgent to seize the opportunity, to introduce and use FDI to optimize the adjustment of the industrial structure, and to improve the quality and benefit of the introduction of foreign capital. Based on the characteristics of the utilization of foreign capital in Tianjin, this paper proceeds from the theory of FDI and the evolution of industrial structure, summarizes the present situation and existing problems of the utilization of FDI and the industrial structure in Tianjin, and makes an empirical analysis of the impact of FDI on the industrial structure. Finally, the paper puts forward the relevant policy suggestions about the expansion of FDI in Tianjin to drive the industrial structure adjustment and economic growth. This paper is mainly composed of five parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part reviews and comments on the theory of FDI and industrial structure adjustment, and summarizes the influence mechanism of FDI on the upgrading of industrial structure. The third part analyzes the structure and the existing problems of Tianjin's industrial structure and the source, type and industry distribution of the FDI, and studies the effect of FDI on the industrial structure adjustment in combination with the actual situation of Tianjin. In the fourth part, the regional absorptive capacity index is introduced, and the VAR model is established. After the correlation test is carried out on the model, the influence of each factor on the upgrading of the industrial structure is analyzed by using the impulse response function, and the contribution degree of each variable to the industrial structure is analyzed by using the variance decomposition. The empirical results show that FDI has a positive effect on the optimization of industrial structure, and the promotion of "regional absorptive capacity" has a catalytic effect on the upgrading of industrial structure in Tianjin. The fifth part first sums up the research conclusion of the full text, then combined with the actual situation in Tianjin, how to use the FDI to promote the industrial structure adjustment and optimization to drive the economic growth to put forward the corresponding policy suggestion, and it is the central and western region of the Bohai economic circle and the current level of foreign capital utilization, Through the rational introduction of the FDI to realize the industrial structure adjustment, provide the reference experience. The innovation of this paper is that the first, to construct the measure index of the optimization of the industrial structure and the level coefficient of the industrial structure, make the change of the industrial structure of Tianjin in recent years be quantified, and the previous scholars have little research on the industrial structure of Tianjin. Secondly, this paper sums up the influence mechanism of FDI on the optimization of industrial structure adjustment, and sums up the effect of FDI on the upgrading of industrial structure from several aspects such as capital supply effect, technology spillover effect, employment effect and trade effect. Third, in view of the complexity of the factors that affect the upgrading of the industrial structure, this paper introduces the "regional absorptive capacity" index and constructs the VAR model to analyze the relationship between the level of FDI and human capital, the degree of opening to the outside world and the technological innovation ability and the industrial structure. At the same time, subject to the limitation of the author's research level, this paper also has the following defects: due to the limitation of the data source, the part of the sample data missing from the empirical analysis is used to estimate the data, which may have an effect on the estimation result. In addition, the structural level of the industrial structure, which is constructed in this paper, is biased to the simplification, and there is a certain gap between the state of the industrial structure and the accurate measurement of the industrial structure. This paper, on the basis of my current level and data collection, makes some tentative research and puts forward its own ideas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F127
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