中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體直接投資的逆向技術(shù)溢出研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-03 06:46
【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化條件下,一國的技術(shù)進(jìn)步不僅僅取決于其國內(nèi)研發(fā)投入,還取決于從他國獲取的技術(shù)溢出。通過對外直接投資模式,一方面子公司能夠感知和掌握全球先進(jìn)技術(shù)研發(fā)動態(tài),獲得研發(fā)資源,另一方面國內(nèi)的母公司可以通過吸收子公司接收的資源和信息,提供其競爭力,提高母國的技術(shù)水平和競爭力。2014年,中國流入發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的投資為238.3億美元,較上年同比增長72.3%,遠(yuǎn)超流向發(fā)展中或轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)體的增速(6.3%),其中:對歐盟投資97.87億美元,同比增長116.3%;對美國投資75.96億美元,同比增長93%。同時(shí)中國對歐盟、美國、澳大利亞的投資均創(chuàng)歷史最高值,發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體已經(jīng)成為中國企業(yè)海外投資的首選之地。由此可推斷,中國將發(fā)達(dá)國家的直接投資作為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的重要來源。那么中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體直接投資能否獲得顯著的逆向技術(shù)溢出、哪些宏觀環(huán)境因素影響中國的技術(shù)溢出從而決定如何合理配置高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體直接投資資源的研究越來越重要。盡管已經(jīng)有很多學(xué)者研究了對外直接投資與母國技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的關(guān)系,但是關(guān)于技術(shù)投資渠道與母國技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之間的關(guān)系還需進(jìn)一步研究,這也是本文選題的主要原因。本文發(fā)現(xiàn)以往關(guān)于技術(shù)投資渠道的研究比較局限,并且大多研究以發(fā)達(dá)國家為研究對象,而對發(fā)展中國家OFDI的逆向技術(shù)溢出研究較少,基于此,本文以中國為研究對象,分析發(fā)展中國家對外直接投資的逆向技術(shù)溢出與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新之間的關(guān)系。其次,本文將高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對外直接投資與逆向技術(shù)溢出研究相結(jié)合。本文選擇在以往的行業(yè)研究上進(jìn)一步深化,即從在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體投資的高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)視角,對于逆向技術(shù)溢出研究更加深入和具有針對性。此外,本文首次綜合以往學(xué)者研究將影響一國技術(shù)溢出的宏觀環(huán)境因素整合分為四類,即開放環(huán)境、制度環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境以及融資環(huán)境,研究其對一個(gè)國家吸收技術(shù)溢出的影響。本文主要分為六部分研究中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體直接投資的逆向技術(shù)溢出。第一部分為緒論,主要介紹本文的研究背景、研究意義以及研究方法和可能創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)等;第二部分主要是理論綜述,包括相關(guān)概念的界定、對外直接投資領(lǐng)域文獻(xiàn)綜述;第三部分為中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的投資現(xiàn)狀分析,包括中國對外直接投資、中國在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體投資以及中國高科技行業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的投資分析;第四部分是逆向技術(shù)溢出實(shí)證研究,包括模型的構(gòu)建、變量和數(shù)據(jù)的選擇以及估計(jì)結(jié)果分析等;第五部分為在第四部分基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步對影響技術(shù)溢出效果的宏觀環(huán)境因素實(shí)證研究,其中包括模型的來源、變量和數(shù)據(jù)的選擇以及實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)分析等;第六部分是結(jié)論、建議和研究不足,基于文章第三、第四和第五部分的實(shí)證研究結(jié)果得出結(jié)論,并結(jié)合中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)在發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體投資的特點(diǎn),為有關(guān)部門提供針對性的建議。本文建立了中國高科技行業(yè)對發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體對外直接投資的逆向技術(shù)溢出模型,并利用2007-2014年高科技行業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)了中國高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對歐盟、美國、澳大利亞、香港、俄羅斯、日本六個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體直接投資對母國技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)對外直接投資渠道下的溢出可以顯著提高中國的全要素生產(chǎn)率、人均GDP以及第二第三產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)值。制造業(yè)對外直接投資顯著提了母國的全要素生產(chǎn)率,而其他四個(gè)高科技行業(yè)并沒有顯著影響;本文通過宏觀環(huán)境因素對技術(shù)溢出影響模型進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證并拓展了技術(shù)溢出的宏觀環(huán)境因素領(lǐng)域研究。模型回歸結(jié)果表明,中國的融資環(huán)境、開放環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境對中國對外接觸渠道獲取的技術(shù)溢出有顯著正向促進(jìn)作用,而制度環(huán)境對于中國通過各種渠道吸收技術(shù)溢出影響不顯著。通過比較回歸系數(shù)可知,經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境對技術(shù)溢出的影響程度要遠(yuǎn)大于融資環(huán)境和開放環(huán)境的影響。
[Abstract]:Under economic globalization, technological progress of a country depends not only on its domestic R & D investment, but also on technology spillover from his country. through the external direct investment mode, on the one hand, the subsidiary can sense and master the research and development of the advanced technology in the world, acquire R & D resources, and the parent company in China can provide the competitiveness thereof through the resources and information received by the subsidiary companies, Increasing the technical level and competitiveness of home countries. In 2014, China's investment in advanced economies was $238,300 million, up from 72.3% on a year-on-year basis, as far as growth in the developing or transition economies (6.3%), of which $97 billion was invested in the European Union, an increase of 116. 3% on a year-on-year basis; US investment of US $79.5 billion, a year-on-year increase of 93%. At the same time, China's investment in the European Union, the United States and Australia has the highest historical value. Developed economies have become the first choice for Chinese enterprises to invest overseas. It can be concluded that China's direct investment in developed countries is an important source of technological innovation. So, it is more and more important for China's high-tech industry to invest in advanced economies with significant reverse technology spillover, which macro environmental factors affect China's technology spillover, and determine how to allocate high-tech industries to the developed economies' direct investment resources. Although many scholars have studied the relationship between foreign direct investment and home country technological innovation, the relationship between technology investment channel and home country technological innovation needs further research, which is also the main reason of this paper. In this paper, we find that the research of technology investment channels is limited, and most of them are developed countries as research objects, and the research on reverse technology spillover is less in developing countries. Based on this, this paper takes China as the research object. To analyze the relationship between reverse technology spillover and technological innovation of FDI in developing countries. Secondly, this paper combines the direct investment of high-tech industry with the research of reverse technology spillover. This paper chooses to further deepen the research of the past industry, namely, from the perspective of high-tech industry invested in advanced economies, it is more and more targeted for the research of reverse technology spillover. In addition, the first comprehensive study of the past scholars will be divided into four types, namely open environment, institutional environment, economic environment and financing environment, and study its influence on national absorption technology spillover. This paper is divided into six parts: the reverse technology spillover of China's high-tech industry's direct investment in developed economies. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, the research significance and the research methods and possible innovation points of the thesis, and the second part is the theoretical review, including the definition of relevant concepts, the literature review in the field of foreign direct investment. The third part analyses the present situation of China's high-tech industry's investment in developed economies, including China's foreign direct investment, China's investment in developed economies and the investment analysis of China's high-tech industry in developed economies, and the fourth part is an empirical study of reverse technology spillover. including the construction of the model, the selection of the variables and the data, the analysis of the estimation results, etc.; the fifth part is an empirical study on the macro environmental factors which influence the technical spillover effect on the basis of the fourth part, The sixth part is the conclusion, suggestion and research insufficiency, based on the third, fourth and fifth part of the article to draw a conclusion, and combine with the characteristics of the investment in advanced economies in China's high-tech industry, Provide targeted recommendations for relevant departments. This paper establishes the reverse technology spillover model of China's high-tech industry to foreign direct investment in developed economies, and makes use of the 2007-2014 high-tech industry panel data, and empirically tests the high-tech industry in China to EU, USA, Australia, Hong Kong and Russia. The impact of direct investment in six developed economies on the home country's technological innovation shows that the spillover of foreign direct investment can significantly improve China's total factor productivity, per capita GDP and the output value of the second tertiary industry. The external direct investment of manufacturing industry has significantly raised the total factor productivity of home country, while the other four high-tech industries do not have significant influence; this paper further verifies the technology spillover effect model through macro environmental factors and expands the research on the macro environmental factors of technology spillover. The model regression results show that China's financing environment, open environment and economic environment have a significant positive effect on the technology spillover of China's external access channel, while the system environment has no significant impact on China's ability to absorb technology spillover through different channels. By comparing the regression coefficient, the influence of economic environment on technology spillover is far greater than that of financing environment and open environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F832.6
[Abstract]:Under economic globalization, technological progress of a country depends not only on its domestic R & D investment, but also on technology spillover from his country. through the external direct investment mode, on the one hand, the subsidiary can sense and master the research and development of the advanced technology in the world, acquire R & D resources, and the parent company in China can provide the competitiveness thereof through the resources and information received by the subsidiary companies, Increasing the technical level and competitiveness of home countries. In 2014, China's investment in advanced economies was $238,300 million, up from 72.3% on a year-on-year basis, as far as growth in the developing or transition economies (6.3%), of which $97 billion was invested in the European Union, an increase of 116. 3% on a year-on-year basis; US investment of US $79.5 billion, a year-on-year increase of 93%. At the same time, China's investment in the European Union, the United States and Australia has the highest historical value. Developed economies have become the first choice for Chinese enterprises to invest overseas. It can be concluded that China's direct investment in developed countries is an important source of technological innovation. So, it is more and more important for China's high-tech industry to invest in advanced economies with significant reverse technology spillover, which macro environmental factors affect China's technology spillover, and determine how to allocate high-tech industries to the developed economies' direct investment resources. Although many scholars have studied the relationship between foreign direct investment and home country technological innovation, the relationship between technology investment channel and home country technological innovation needs further research, which is also the main reason of this paper. In this paper, we find that the research of technology investment channels is limited, and most of them are developed countries as research objects, and the research on reverse technology spillover is less in developing countries. Based on this, this paper takes China as the research object. To analyze the relationship between reverse technology spillover and technological innovation of FDI in developing countries. Secondly, this paper combines the direct investment of high-tech industry with the research of reverse technology spillover. This paper chooses to further deepen the research of the past industry, namely, from the perspective of high-tech industry invested in advanced economies, it is more and more targeted for the research of reverse technology spillover. In addition, the first comprehensive study of the past scholars will be divided into four types, namely open environment, institutional environment, economic environment and financing environment, and study its influence on national absorption technology spillover. This paper is divided into six parts: the reverse technology spillover of China's high-tech industry's direct investment in developed economies. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the research background, the research significance and the research methods and possible innovation points of the thesis, and the second part is the theoretical review, including the definition of relevant concepts, the literature review in the field of foreign direct investment. The third part analyses the present situation of China's high-tech industry's investment in developed economies, including China's foreign direct investment, China's investment in developed economies and the investment analysis of China's high-tech industry in developed economies, and the fourth part is an empirical study of reverse technology spillover. including the construction of the model, the selection of the variables and the data, the analysis of the estimation results, etc.; the fifth part is an empirical study on the macro environmental factors which influence the technical spillover effect on the basis of the fourth part, The sixth part is the conclusion, suggestion and research insufficiency, based on the third, fourth and fifth part of the article to draw a conclusion, and combine with the characteristics of the investment in advanced economies in China's high-tech industry, Provide targeted recommendations for relevant departments. This paper establishes the reverse technology spillover model of China's high-tech industry to foreign direct investment in developed economies, and makes use of the 2007-2014 high-tech industry panel data, and empirically tests the high-tech industry in China to EU, USA, Australia, Hong Kong and Russia. The impact of direct investment in six developed economies on the home country's technological innovation shows that the spillover of foreign direct investment can significantly improve China's total factor productivity, per capita GDP and the output value of the second tertiary industry. The external direct investment of manufacturing industry has significantly raised the total factor productivity of home country, while the other four high-tech industries do not have significant influence; this paper further verifies the technology spillover effect model through macro environmental factors and expands the research on the macro environmental factors of technology spillover. The model regression results show that China's financing environment, open environment and economic environment have a significant positive effect on the technology spillover of China's external access channel, while the system environment has no significant impact on China's ability to absorb technology spillover through different channels. By comparing the regression coefficient, the influence of economic environment on technology spillover is far greater than that of financing environment and open environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F832.6
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