要素重置、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷與甘肅工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-19 10:21
【摘要】：長期以來,我國過分重視經(jīng)濟增長速度,主要依靠生產(chǎn)要素的大量投入推動經(jīng)濟高速增長,導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟增長質(zhì)量較低,在工業(yè)方面主要體現(xiàn)為低技術(shù)水平的高投入低產(chǎn)出、高排放高污染以及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不協(xié)調(diào)等特征。這種高投入、粗放型的增長方式已經(jīng)對我國經(jīng)濟的長期可持續(xù)增長構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。工業(yè)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)型升級,要從“供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革”出發(fā),提升要素供給和配置效率,調(diào)整優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),從根本上轉(zhuǎn)變工業(yè)發(fā)展方式,促進(jìn)工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和發(fā)展水平的整體優(yōu)化提升。要素重置和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變遷的結(jié)構(gòu)分析方法有助于揭示工業(yè)發(fā)展的根本動力和原因。文章基于2000-2014年甘肅及全國工業(yè)分行業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù),通過構(gòu)造工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化度、結(jié)構(gòu)變化的資本集約度等指標(biāo)考察甘肅工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的變動趨向,并利用改進(jìn)的Wurgler模型測算了樣本期內(nèi)甘肅工業(yè)要素重置效率,要素重置效率用各行業(yè)資本或勞動力要素的流動對生產(chǎn)率變化的敏感程度表示。文章最后探討了甘肅工業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級路徑。實證研究表明,在2000-2014年間,中國工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)出由資本密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)向勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整的趨勢,尤其是向電子及通信設(shè)備制造業(yè)、交通運輸設(shè)備制造業(yè)和電器機械制造業(yè)等技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行調(diào)整,但同時期甘肅工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)中資本密集程度加強,勞動力要素向煤炭采選業(yè)、石油開采業(yè)、化學(xué)原料和化學(xué)制品制造業(yè)等產(chǎn)業(yè)流動。甘肅大力發(fā)展資源、重化工等區(qū)域特色工業(yè),產(chǎn)業(yè)資本不斷深化,要素集聚能力不斷加強,但這種規(guī)模導(dǎo)向的要素配置和工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整在整體上呈現(xiàn)出 結(jié)構(gòu)負(fù)利‖特征,生產(chǎn)要素向高生產(chǎn)率部門的流動缺乏效率,一些生產(chǎn)效率低下的部門占用了大量生產(chǎn)資源,技術(shù)密集型和新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展比較落后。據(jù)此,本文做出以下討論及建議:首先,我國的工業(yè)化進(jìn)程和工業(yè)要素重置表現(xiàn)出明顯的規(guī)模導(dǎo)向特征,大型國有工業(yè)企業(yè)占有較多優(yōu)質(zhì)資源,工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級需要從減少政府對要素資源的配置權(quán)力入手,加快要素市場改革,提高要素重置效率。第二,研究表明,甘肅工業(yè)中煤炭、冶金、煙草、電力等支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率表現(xiàn)良好,要實現(xiàn)甘肅工業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級,必須依托優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè),圍繞其產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈進(jìn)行資源整合和要素重置,實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級,增強競爭力。最后,以智能制造和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)為基礎(chǔ) 工業(yè)4.0‖概念正在悄然改變工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)過程和發(fā)展方式,工業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略應(yīng)適時調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持內(nèi)容,加強對高等教育和科研的投資,提高工業(yè)技術(shù)化程度。
[Abstract]:For a long time, our country pays too much attention to the speed of economic growth, mainly relies on a large amount of input of production factors to promote the rapid economic growth, which leads to the low quality of economic growth, which is mainly reflected in the low technical level of high input and low output. High emission and high pollution as well as industrial structure is not coordinated and other characteristics. This kind of high investment, extensive growth mode has posed a serious threat to the long-term sustainable growth of our economy. The transformation and upgrading of industrial development should proceed from the "supply-side structural reform", enhance the efficiency of supply and allocation of elements, adjust and optimize the industrial structure, and fundamentally change the mode of industrial development. To promote the overall optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and development level. The structural analysis method of element resetting and industrial structure change is helpful to reveal the fundamental motive force and cause of industrial development. Based on the panel data of industrial subsectors in Gansu and China from 2000 to 2014, this paper investigates the changing trend of industrial structure in Gansu Province by means of the index of industrial structure change degree and capital intensity of structural change. By using the improved Wurgler model, the resetting efficiency of industrial elements in Gansu Province is calculated in the sample period, which is expressed by the sensitivity of capital or labor factor flow to productivity change in various industries. Finally, the paper discusses the transformation and upgrading path of Gansu industry. Empirical studies show that the industrial structure of China changed from capital-intensive industry to labor-intensive industry from 2000 to 2014, especially to electronics and communication equipment manufacturing. The technology-intensive industries, such as transportation equipment manufacturing and electrical machinery manufacturing, were adjusted, but during the same period in Gansu's industrial structure, the degree of capital concentration was strengthened, and the labor factors turned to coal mining and oil mining, Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing and other industries flow. Gansu has made great efforts to develop resources, heavy chemical industry and other regional characteristic industries. The industrial capital has been deepened and the ability of factor agglomeration has been strengthened. However, this kind of scale oriented factor allocation and industrial structure adjustment have the characteristics of negative structure and negative profit on the whole. The flow of production factors to high productivity sectors is inefficient, some inefficient departments occupy a large number of production resources, and the development of technology-intensive and emerging industries is relatively backward. On this basis, this paper makes the following discussions and suggestions: firstly, the industrialization process and industrial element resetting in China show obvious scale oriented characteristics, and large state-owned industrial enterprises occupy more high-quality resources. The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure should start with the reduction of the government's power to allocate factor resources, accelerate the reform of factor market and improve the efficiency of factor replacement. Second, the study shows that the coal, metallurgy, tobacco, electric power and other pillar industries in Gansu industry perform well in production efficiency. In order to realize the transformation and upgrading of Gansu industry, we must rely on superior industries. Resource integration and factor resetting around its industrial chain to achieve industrial upgrading and enhance competitiveness. Finally, based on the concept of intelligent manufacturing and Internet of things, the concept of "4.0" industry is quietly changing the production process and development mode of industry. The industrial development strategy should adjust the contents of industry support and strengthen investment in higher education and scientific research. Raise the level of industrial technicalization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F427
本文編號：2280847
[Abstract]:For a long time, our country pays too much attention to the speed of economic growth, mainly relies on a large amount of input of production factors to promote the rapid economic growth, which leads to the low quality of economic growth, which is mainly reflected in the low technical level of high input and low output. High emission and high pollution as well as industrial structure is not coordinated and other characteristics. This kind of high investment, extensive growth mode has posed a serious threat to the long-term sustainable growth of our economy. The transformation and upgrading of industrial development should proceed from the "supply-side structural reform", enhance the efficiency of supply and allocation of elements, adjust and optimize the industrial structure, and fundamentally change the mode of industrial development. To promote the overall optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and development level. The structural analysis method of element resetting and industrial structure change is helpful to reveal the fundamental motive force and cause of industrial development. Based on the panel data of industrial subsectors in Gansu and China from 2000 to 2014, this paper investigates the changing trend of industrial structure in Gansu Province by means of the index of industrial structure change degree and capital intensity of structural change. By using the improved Wurgler model, the resetting efficiency of industrial elements in Gansu Province is calculated in the sample period, which is expressed by the sensitivity of capital or labor factor flow to productivity change in various industries. Finally, the paper discusses the transformation and upgrading path of Gansu industry. Empirical studies show that the industrial structure of China changed from capital-intensive industry to labor-intensive industry from 2000 to 2014, especially to electronics and communication equipment manufacturing. The technology-intensive industries, such as transportation equipment manufacturing and electrical machinery manufacturing, were adjusted, but during the same period in Gansu's industrial structure, the degree of capital concentration was strengthened, and the labor factors turned to coal mining and oil mining, Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing and other industries flow. Gansu has made great efforts to develop resources, heavy chemical industry and other regional characteristic industries. The industrial capital has been deepened and the ability of factor agglomeration has been strengthened. However, this kind of scale oriented factor allocation and industrial structure adjustment have the characteristics of negative structure and negative profit on the whole. The flow of production factors to high productivity sectors is inefficient, some inefficient departments occupy a large number of production resources, and the development of technology-intensive and emerging industries is relatively backward. On this basis, this paper makes the following discussions and suggestions: firstly, the industrialization process and industrial element resetting in China show obvious scale oriented characteristics, and large state-owned industrial enterprises occupy more high-quality resources. The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure should start with the reduction of the government's power to allocate factor resources, accelerate the reform of factor market and improve the efficiency of factor replacement. Second, the study shows that the coal, metallurgy, tobacco, electric power and other pillar industries in Gansu industry perform well in production efficiency. In order to realize the transformation and upgrading of Gansu industry, we must rely on superior industries. Resource integration and factor resetting around its industrial chain to achieve industrial upgrading and enhance competitiveness. Finally, based on the concept of intelligent manufacturing and Internet of things, the concept of "4.0" industry is quietly changing the production process and development mode of industry. The industrial development strategy should adjust the contents of industry support and strengthen investment in higher education and scientific research. Raise the level of industrial technicalization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F427
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