發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-09 12:04

  本文選題：利益協(xié)調(diào) + 產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈　； 參考：《云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：云南省地處我國西南,成礦條件優(yōu)越,礦產(chǎn)資源豐富,尤以有色金屬資源為主,素有“有色金屬王國”的美稱。從分布來看,云南有色金屬資源主要分布在滇中和滇西,在眾多有色金屬中,鋅、鉛、錫、銅、鍺及稀貴金屬的資源優(yōu)勢顯著,作為云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)勢資源,其對云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展有著重要作用,當(dāng)前,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展步入“新常態(tài)”,對有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提出了新的要求,在這種政策背景下,對于云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)來說既是機(jī)遇又是挑戰(zhàn)。近些年,受供求關(guān)系、價(jià)格波動等因素影響,包括采選、冶煉及加工三環(huán)節(jié)的云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈存在冶煉業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩、加工業(yè)發(fā)展不足等環(huán)節(jié)內(nèi)部問題,不僅如此,近年有色金屬產(chǎn)品價(jià)格的持續(xù)走低使得相關(guān)企業(yè)出現(xiàn)員工被迫放假從而減少企業(yè)生產(chǎn)成本的現(xiàn)象,對社會的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了一定程度的影響,而綜合來看,出現(xiàn)這些現(xiàn)象的原因最終可歸結(jié)為產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展的不協(xié)調(diào),其具體表現(xiàn)為環(huán)節(jié)間投入產(chǎn)出的失衡,某些產(chǎn)品嚴(yán)重過剩或稀缺嚴(yán)重,長久下去,會對云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生不利的影響,因此,正確處理產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈內(nèi)各環(huán)節(jié)之間的利益分配關(guān)系,構(gòu)建促使有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)的利益協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制是促進(jìn)云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)由資源優(yōu)勢向經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)化的關(guān)鍵。鑒于此,本文以產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈為視角,將利益協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制作為研究內(nèi)容,以整體有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的穩(wěn)定和高效發(fā)展為目標(biāo),建立有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈利益協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈及有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康發(fā)展。依據(jù)研究內(nèi)容,首先通過相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和數(shù)據(jù)對云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)及產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈內(nèi)三環(huán)節(jié)(采選、冶煉、加工)的利益分配現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行考查,在云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀中,重點(diǎn)從有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)的基本發(fā)展情況、存在問題和未來發(fā)展趨勢三方面進(jìn)行說明;在對產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈三環(huán)節(jié)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的說明中,主要依靠主營業(yè)務(wù)成本利潤率和工業(yè)增加值這兩大指標(biāo)從各環(huán)節(jié)基本發(fā)展情況和利益分配狀態(tài)這兩方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)闡述。在對現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,文章通過構(gòu)建云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的CGE模型來模擬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈內(nèi)部三環(huán)節(jié)中的任意一環(huán)節(jié)的價(jià)格變動對其他兩環(huán)節(jié)的銷量和價(jià)格等方面及對國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,并測算價(jià)格變動對產(chǎn)業(yè)影響力系數(shù)的變化以用于產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定性的評價(jià)。在目標(biāo)衡量的模型建立中,構(gòu)建產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的Logistic方程,依據(jù)耗散結(jié)構(gòu)理論中的失穩(wěn)判定對產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行測算;在測算有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈效率方面,選擇網(wǎng)絡(luò)DEA模型分別對各環(huán)節(jié)及整條有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈進(jìn)行測算,并得出云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈高效發(fā)展的生產(chǎn)前沿面。最后,將聯(lián)動機(jī)制和目標(biāo)機(jī)制相結(jié)合,將穩(wěn)定和高效實(shí)現(xiàn)所需的變量具體變化值帶入聯(lián)動機(jī)制模型,在聯(lián)動機(jī)制中以價(jià)格為載體模擬出價(jià)格變動對目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)的變化值。研究表明,從現(xiàn)狀來看,云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈已經(jīng)形成,并且存在包含三環(huán)節(jié)的大型企業(yè),整體來看,雖然云南有色金屬發(fā)展存在儲量、水能等優(yōu)勢,但也存在著成本高,加工業(yè)技術(shù)使用滯后,整體產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈延伸不足等問題,并且從量上看,2011年至今包括三環(huán)節(jié)的云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈主營業(yè)務(wù)利潤率處于下降狀態(tài),而工業(yè)增加值雖有上升但同2008年至2011年這4年間相比增幅較小,這對新的背景下有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)在云南省經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的地位提出了挑戰(zhàn)。而從產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈內(nèi)部環(huán)節(jié)方面來看,從2005年至2012年采選業(yè)的利潤率嚴(yán)重大于冶煉大于加工,平均比約為46:12:5,在增加值構(gòu)成中,三環(huán)節(jié)的增加值內(nèi)部構(gòu)成(勞動者報(bào)酬、生產(chǎn)稅凈額、營業(yè)盈余、固定資產(chǎn)折舊)比重略有不同,相對來說固定資產(chǎn)折舊的比重相對較高。從聯(lián)動機(jī)制和目標(biāo)量化的模擬方面可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在價(jià)格變動對產(chǎn)業(yè)影響力系數(shù)的變動中,整體變動范圍較小,以價(jià)格變動10%為例,影響力系數(shù)平均約變動0.009,當(dāng)采選業(yè)和冶煉業(yè)的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格發(fā)生變化時(shí),對采選業(yè)的銷量影響最大,當(dāng)加工業(yè)的產(chǎn)品價(jià)格發(fā)生變化時(shí),加工業(yè)的產(chǎn)品銷量的變化最大,約變化了原值的1.2倍;穩(wěn)定性的測算結(jié)果表明,在當(dāng)前情況下,如果產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各環(huán)節(jié)價(jià)格在30%內(nèi)上下浮動,有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈處于穩(wěn)定狀態(tài),即可以自行恢復(fù)到初始狀態(tài);效率測算結(jié)果表明,云南有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈三環(huán)節(jié)中,冶煉及加工業(yè)的發(fā)展存在相對低效,整體產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈存在很大改進(jìn)空間。將目標(biāo)量化所得到的結(jié)果再次帶入聯(lián)動機(jī)制模型中得出以2012年數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),三環(huán)節(jié)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格分別提高5.6%、3.5%和3.7%時(shí)整體才能實(shí)現(xiàn)有色金屬產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈穩(wěn)定和高效的目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn),并對此提出相關(guān)的對策和建議。
[Abstract]:Yunnan province is located in the southwest of China. The metallogenic condition is superior and the mineral resources are rich, especially the nonferrous metal resources. It is known as the "nonferrous metal kingdom". From the distribution, Yunnan nonferrous metal resources are mainly distributed in the Yunnan and Western Yunnan, and in many non-ferrous metals, the resources of zinc, lead, tin, copper, germanium and rare precious metals are prominent, as clouds. The advantageous resources of the economic development of southern province play an important role in the economic development of Yunnan province. At present, China's economic development has entered a "new normal", and has put forward new requirements for the development of non-ferrous metal industry. Under this policy background, it is both an opportunity and a challenge for the non-ferrous metal industry in Yunnan. In recent years, the supply and demand relationship, price In the Yunnan nonferrous metal industry chain, such as selection, smelting and processing, the industrial chain of non-ferrous metal industry has some internal problems, such as overcapacity in the smelting industry and the insufficient development of the processing industry. In recent years, the continuous low price of non-ferrous metal products makes the related enterprises have to be forced to leave and reduce the cost of production. It has a certain degree of influence on the stability and development of the society. In a comprehensive view, the reasons for these phenomena can be attributed to the uncoordinated development of the industrial chain, which is embodied in the unbalance between the input and output of the links, the serious surplus or scarcity of some products for a long time, which will detrimental to the economic development of Yunnan province. Therefore, the key to promote the transformation of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry from resource advantage to economic advantage is to correctly handle the interest distribution relationship between various links in the industrial chain and to build the benefit coordination mechanism to promote the development goal of non-ferrous metal industry chain. Content, aiming at the stability and efficient development of the whole non-ferrous metal industry chain, the interest coordination mechanism of non-ferrous metal industry chain is set up to realize the healthy development of non-ferrous metal industry chain and non-ferrous metal industry in Yunnan. According to the research content, the third ring section of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry and industry chain is selected through relevant literature and data. In the current situation of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain development, the focus is on the basic development situation, the existing problems and the future development trend in the non-ferrous metal industry chain development in Yunnan. In the statement of the development status of the three link of the industrial chain, it mainly depends on the profit rate and Industry of the main business cost. The two indexes of added value are elaborated in detail from the two aspects of the basic development of each link and the state of interest distribution. On the basis of the analysis of the present situation, the article simulates the sales of the other two links through the construction of the CGE model of the Yunnan nonferrous metal industrial chain to simulate the price changes of any part of the third ring section in the internal chain of the industrial chain. The price changes and the influence on the national economy, and calculate the change of the price change to the industrial influence coefficient for the evaluation of the stability of the industrial chain. In the establishment of the model of target measurement, the Logistic equation of the industrial chain is constructed, and the stability of the industry chain is calculated on the basis of the instability judgment in the dissipative structure theory; and the nonferrous metal is measured in the calculation of the colored gold. In terms of industrial chain efficiency, the network DEA model is selected to calculate each link and the whole non-ferrous metal industry chain respectively, and the production frontiers of Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain are developed efficiently. Finally, the linkage mechanism and the target mechanism are combined to bring the specific variable values of the variables required to the linkage mechanism model to be stable and efficient. The study shows that, from the present situation, Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain has been formed, and there is a large enterprise containing three rings. In the whole, although Yunnan non-ferrous metal development has the advantages of reserves and water energy, there is also a high cost. With the lag of processing technology and the lack of the overall industrial chain extension, the main business profit margin of the Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain, including the three ring section, is in a decline in 2011, while the industrial added value has increased, but it has a small increase compared with the 4 years from 2008 to 2011. This is a new background of non-ferrous metals. The industry has posed a challenge in the economic development of Yunnan province. From the internal link of the industrial chain, the profit rate from 2005 to 2012 is seriously greater than that of smelting and processing. The average ratio is about 46:12:5. In the composition of the added value, the added value of the three ring sections is constructed (labor remuneration, net production tax, operating surplus, and solid). The proportion of fixed assets depreciation is slightly different, and the proportion of depreciation of fixed assets is relatively high. From the simulation of linkage mechanism and target quantification, it can be found that in the change of price change to industrial influence coefficient, the whole range of change is small, the price change 10% is taken as an example, the influence coefficient changes about 0.009, when the selection industry and When the price of the product of the smelting industry changes, it has the greatest impact on the sales of the mining industry. When the product price of the processing industry changes, the sales of the products in the processing industry change most, about 1.2 times that of the original value. The results of stability calculation show that, in the current situation, if the prices of each link in the industrial chain float up and down within 30%, nonferrous metals are in the current situation. The industrial chain is in a stable state, that is, it can be restored to its initial state by itself. The results of efficiency calculation show that the development of smelting and processing industry in the third ring section of the Yunnan non-ferrous metal industry chain has relatively low efficiency, and there is a great improvement in the overall industrial chain. The results of the target quantification are brought into the linkage mechanism model again in 2012. On the basis of the data, the product prices of the three rings are increased by 5.6%, 3.5% and 3.7% respectively to achieve the goal of the stability and efficiency of the non-ferrous metal industry chain, and the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F426.32

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