本文選題：國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移　切入點：再工業(yè)化　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國制造業(yè)在經(jīng)過近30年的產(chǎn)業(yè)承接,憑借勞動力資源豐富、自然資源充裕和投資環(huán)境良好的優(yōu)勢,初步實現(xiàn)了工業(yè)化,同時超過美國成為最大的制造業(yè)國家,有望成為繼英美日之后的下一個"世界制造中心",制造業(yè)的成長極大地推動了我國經(jīng)濟實力的穩(wěn)步提升和國際競爭力水平的快速提高。但是,金融危機后,國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移呈現(xiàn)新的趨勢,中高端制造業(yè)開始向發(fā)達國家回流,低端制造業(yè)尋找"成本洼地"向東南亞和南亞等地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移,我國制造業(yè)成本優(yōu)勢喪失,面臨大量制造業(yè)企業(yè)從國內(nèi)流失、傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)衰退但新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展沒有壯大的局面,國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的新時期與我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)型時期相重疊,必然對我國經(jīng)濟造成較大的沖擊。本文將以國際分工理論、雁行發(fā)展理論、邊際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移理論、產(chǎn)品生命周期理論和全球價值鏈理論為基礎(chǔ),在總結(jié)我國制造業(yè)發(fā)展的近況及特征、優(yōu)勢及機遇和不足及挑戰(zhàn)的前提下,對國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移新趨勢的背景進行分析。發(fā)達國家在經(jīng)濟危機后開始將經(jīng)濟重心逐漸由虛擬經(jīng)濟向?qū)嶓w經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)移,實行"再工業(yè)化"戰(zhàn)略,推動高端制造業(yè)回流;部分發(fā)展中國家和低收入國家相比于中國更具備勞動力成本、資源和貿(mào)易環(huán)境的優(yōu)勢,導(dǎo)致發(fā)達國家逐漸加大了對這些國家和地區(qū)的投資力度,形成了對我國低端制造業(yè)的替代效應(yīng);而我國幾年來制造業(yè)各項成本全面上升,綜合成本競爭力水平逐漸下降,產(chǎn)業(yè)向外轉(zhuǎn)移驅(qū)動力增強。通過對發(fā)達國家"再工業(yè)化"戰(zhàn)略、其他發(fā)展中國家和低收入國家的成本及貿(mào)易優(yōu)勢和我國制造業(yè)成本全面提升的分析,認為國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的新趨勢對我國制造業(yè)的發(fā)展造成了一定程度的沖擊,本文將從制造業(yè)出口競爭力、外商直接投資、貿(mào)易摩擦、跨境并購和產(chǎn)業(yè)空心化角度論述國際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移新趨勢對我國制造業(yè)發(fā)展的影響。本文通過以上研究,對我國制造業(yè)面臨的不利局勢提出了深化國際產(chǎn)能合作、提升技術(shù)水平、轉(zhuǎn)變戰(zhàn)略方向、推動跨境并購、優(yōu)化貿(mào)易環(huán)境和培養(yǎng)人才等相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:After nearly 30 years of industrial development, China's manufacturing industry has initially achieved industrialization by virtue of its abundant labor resources, abundant natural resources and favorable investment environment, and overtook the United States to become the largest manufacturing country. It is expected to become the next "world manufacturing center" after Anglo-American Japan. The growth of manufacturing industry has greatly promoted the steady improvement of China's economic strength and the rapid improvement of international competitiveness. However, after the financial crisis, The international industrial transfer shows a new trend, the middle-high-end manufacturing industry begins to flow back to the developed countries, the low-end manufacturing industry seeks for "cost depression" to Southeast Asia and South Asia, and the cost advantage of China's manufacturing industry is lost. Faced with a large number of manufacturing enterprises from the loss of domestic, the decline of traditional industries but not the development of emerging industries, the new period of international industrial transfer overlaps with the transition period of China's economic development. This paper will be based on the theory of international division of labor, the theory of echelon development, the theory of marginal industrial transfer, the theory of product life cycle and the theory of global value chain. On the premise of summarizing the current situation and characteristics, advantages, opportunities, shortcomings and challenges of China's manufacturing industry, The background of the new trend of international industrial transfer is analyzed. After the economic crisis, developed countries begin to shift the economic center of gravity from virtual economy to real economy, implement the strategy of "re-industrialization", and promote the return of high-end manufacturing industry. Some developing countries and low-income countries have more advantages than China in terms of labor costs, resources and trade environment, which has led developed countries to gradually increase their investment in these countries and regions. It has formed the substitution effect to the low-end manufacturing industry of our country, but in the past few years, all kinds of costs of manufacturing industry in our country have risen completely, the level of comprehensive cost competitiveness has gradually decreased, and the driving force of industry transfer to the outside has been strengthened. Through the strategy of "reindustrialization" to developed countries, An analysis of the cost and trade advantages of other developing countries and low-income countries and the overall increase in manufacturing costs in China shows that the new trend of international industrial transfer has had a certain impact on the development of China's manufacturing industry. This paper will discuss the impact of the new trend of international industrial transfer on the development of Chinese manufacturing industry from the angles of manufacturing export competitiveness, foreign direct investment, trade friction, cross-border mergers and acquisitions and industrial hollowing. To the unfavorable situation that our manufacturing industry is facing, this paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions, such as deepening the international cooperation of production capacity, improving the technical level, changing the strategic direction, promoting cross-border M & A, optimizing the trading environment and cultivating talents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F424

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