中國知識型勞動力跨國流動作用機理研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-23 11:28
【摘要】：經濟全球化浪潮下,各國之間的聯(lián)系交流更加頻繁,技術、資本等不同類型生產要素在世界范圍內廣泛流通,知識型勞動力作為一種極為重要的生產要素在各國之間的流動也日益頻繁,發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用。隨著“十三五”規(guī)劃的實施,中國經濟進一步強化供給側改革,充分發(fā)揮市場作用,加強政府監(jiān)督。目前的宏觀經濟背景下,哪些因素將會極大地促進我國知識型勞動力跨國流動,而這些影響因素的作用機理又是如何?這一問題的研究對于實現(xiàn)我國政治、經濟、文化等協(xié)調可持續(xù)發(fā)展,促進知識型勞動力更好流動極為重要。目前,學者對于影響知識型勞動力跨國流動的作用機理鮮有研究,對于這一研究方向還存在很大不足。因此,本文的研究既彌補了這一不足,也為能夠更好地促進中國知識型勞動力跨國流動提供很好地理論借鑒�；诖�,本文以推拉理論、要素稟賦理論、雙重勞動力市場理論、新經濟地理學理論等作為研究的理論基礎,將知識型勞動力定義為全日制�？萍耙陨蠈W歷的高校畢業(yè)生,主要包括所有教育院校的教育工作者、科研部門及政府工作者、企業(yè)管理人員、出國留學人員及海歸等四個方面,并從我國知識型勞動力區(qū)域分布、跨國流動總量特征、跨國流動選擇分布等幾個方面做了描述。本文在對FDI、對外貿易、知識產權保護等三個因素對知識型勞動力跨國流動作用機理進行分析基礎上,運用定量分析法,選取FDI、知識產權保護強度、對外貿易發(fā)展程度等作為解釋變量,而知識產權保護強度指標的選取也是本文的重要創(chuàng)新點,并用海歸數(shù)量作為知識型勞動力的替代變量,地區(qū)經濟發(fā)展水平、金融發(fā)展程度、人力資本水平等作為控制變量,利用省際面板數(shù)據進行回歸分析得出,知識產權保護強度和FDI對中國知識型勞動力跨國流動存在正向促進作用且顯著,對外貿易對知識型勞動力跨國流動也存在一定正向促進作用,但不顯著。本文通過進一步對知識產權保護強度這一變量進行門檻特征回歸比較分析,實證結果我們也有了創(chuàng)新,結果顯示,單純從知識產權保護強度來講,目前各個省加強知識產權保護強度是有利于中國知識型勞動力跨國流動的;從產業(yè)結構高低來講,產業(yè)結構高的省份加強知識產權保護是有利于我國知識型勞動力跨國流動的,而產業(yè)機構低的省份加強知識產權保護對知識型勞動力跨國流動存在負向作用,需要進一步優(yōu)化產業(yè)結構;隨著金融發(fā)展程度的不斷提高,加強知識產權保護強度對中國知識型勞動力跨國流動有著積極影響。文章在最后一章節(jié)從加大實際利用外資額并拓寬外資利用渠道、深化對外貿易程度并加強經濟外向化、加強知識產權保護等幾個方面提出相關政策建議,以便更好地促進中國知識型勞動力跨國流動,為中國經濟發(fā)展做出突出貢獻。
[Abstract]:Under the tide of economic globalization, the links and exchanges between countries are more frequent, and different types of production factors, such as technology, capital and so on, are widely circulated around the world. As a very important factor of production, the flow of knowledge-based labor force between countries is becoming more and more frequent and plays a more and more important role. With the implementation of the 13th five-year Plan, China's economy has further strengthened supply-side reform, gave full play to the role of the market, and strengthened government supervision. Under the current macroeconomic background, which factors will greatly promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China, and what is the mechanism of these factors? The study of this problem is very important to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of politics, economy, culture and so on, and to promote the better flow of knowledge-based labor force. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of affecting the transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force, and there are still great shortcomings in this research direction. Therefore, the research in this paper not only makes up for this deficiency, but also provides a good theoretical reference for promoting the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Based on this, this paper takes push-pull theory, factor endowment theory, dual labor market theory and new economic geography theory as the theoretical basis of the research, and defines the knowledge-based labor force as college graduates with full-time college education or above. It mainly includes four aspects: educators, scientific research departments and government workers, enterprise managers, overseas students and returned nationals from all educational colleges and universities, and from the regional distribution of knowledge-based labor force in China, the characteristics of the total amount of transnational mobility. The selection distribution of transnational flow is described in this paper. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force by three factors, such as FDI, foreign trade and intellectual property protection, this paper uses quantitative analysis method to select the intensity of intellectual property protection of FDI,. The degree of foreign trade development is regarded as the explanatory variable, and the selection of the intensity index of intellectual property protection is also an important innovation point of this paper, and the number of returnees is used as the alternative variable of the knowledge-based labor force, the level of regional economic development, the degree of financial development. The level of human capital is used as the control variable, and the regression analysis is carried out by using the inter-provincial panel data. It is concluded that the intensity of intellectual property protection and FDI have a positive and significant effect on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Foreign trade also has a certain positive role in promoting the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force, but it is not significant. Through the further regression analysis of the threshold characteristics of the variable of intellectual property protection intensity, the empirical results also have innovation, the results show that, simply from the point of view of intellectual property protection intensity, At present, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection in various provinces is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. As far as the level of industrial structure is concerned, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in provinces with high industrial structure is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. However, the provinces with low industrial institutions have a negative effect on the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force by strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, so it is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure. With the continuous improvement of financial development, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection has a positive impact on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. In the last chapter, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions from the aspects of increasing the actual utilization of foreign capital and widening the channels of foreign capital utilization, deepening the degree of foreign trade, strengthening the export-oriented economy, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, and so on. In order to better promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China and make outstanding contributions to China's economic development.
【學位授予單位】：山東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F249.21;F125
本文編號：2483859
[Abstract]:Under the tide of economic globalization, the links and exchanges between countries are more frequent, and different types of production factors, such as technology, capital and so on, are widely circulated around the world. As a very important factor of production, the flow of knowledge-based labor force between countries is becoming more and more frequent and plays a more and more important role. With the implementation of the 13th five-year Plan, China's economy has further strengthened supply-side reform, gave full play to the role of the market, and strengthened government supervision. Under the current macroeconomic background, which factors will greatly promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China, and what is the mechanism of these factors? The study of this problem is very important to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of politics, economy, culture and so on, and to promote the better flow of knowledge-based labor force. At present, there are few studies on the mechanism of affecting the transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force, and there are still great shortcomings in this research direction. Therefore, the research in this paper not only makes up for this deficiency, but also provides a good theoretical reference for promoting the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Based on this, this paper takes push-pull theory, factor endowment theory, dual labor market theory and new economic geography theory as the theoretical basis of the research, and defines the knowledge-based labor force as college graduates with full-time college education or above. It mainly includes four aspects: educators, scientific research departments and government workers, enterprise managers, overseas students and returned nationals from all educational colleges and universities, and from the regional distribution of knowledge-based labor force in China, the characteristics of the total amount of transnational mobility. The selection distribution of transnational flow is described in this paper. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of transnational mobility of knowledge-based labor force by three factors, such as FDI, foreign trade and intellectual property protection, this paper uses quantitative analysis method to select the intensity of intellectual property protection of FDI,. The degree of foreign trade development is regarded as the explanatory variable, and the selection of the intensity index of intellectual property protection is also an important innovation point of this paper, and the number of returnees is used as the alternative variable of the knowledge-based labor force, the level of regional economic development, the degree of financial development. The level of human capital is used as the control variable, and the regression analysis is carried out by using the inter-provincial panel data. It is concluded that the intensity of intellectual property protection and FDI have a positive and significant effect on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. Foreign trade also has a certain positive role in promoting the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force, but it is not significant. Through the further regression analysis of the threshold characteristics of the variable of intellectual property protection intensity, the empirical results also have innovation, the results show that, simply from the point of view of intellectual property protection intensity, At present, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection in various provinces is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. As far as the level of industrial structure is concerned, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights in provinces with high industrial structure is conducive to the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force in China. However, the provinces with low industrial institutions have a negative effect on the transnational movement of knowledge-based labor force by strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, so it is necessary to further optimize the industrial structure. With the continuous improvement of financial development, strengthening the intensity of intellectual property protection has a positive impact on the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China. In the last chapter, the paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions from the aspects of increasing the actual utilization of foreign capital and widening the channels of foreign capital utilization, deepening the degree of foreign trade, strengthening the export-oriented economy, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, and so on. In order to better promote the transnational flow of knowledge-based labor force in China and make outstanding contributions to China's economic development.
【學位授予單位】：山東理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F249.21;F125
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