【摘要】：城市水務(wù)系統(tǒng)是現(xiàn)代城市存在最為重要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施之一。城鎮(zhèn)化的快速發(fā)展對(duì)水務(wù)企業(yè)既是機(jī)遇又是挑戰(zhàn),城鎮(zhèn)化帶來(lái)生活用水、污水處理的大量需求,供水管道、污水處理設(shè)備投資需大量增加,僅依賴傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式水務(wù)企業(yè)難以應(yīng)對(duì)。另一方面,近些年我國(guó)城市水資源短缺問題突出,隨著公眾環(huán)保意識(shí)日益增強(qiáng),水務(wù)企業(yè)的效率受到廣泛關(guān)注。研究水務(wù)企業(yè)的效率對(duì)于提高我國(guó)水務(wù)企業(yè)的個(gè)體效率以及行業(yè)的整體效率具有重要意義。本文梳理了水務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的概念、特點(diǎn)以及國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)于水務(wù)企業(yè)效率及影響因素的研究,以三階段DEA、Tobit模型為基礎(chǔ),以25家水務(wù)上市企業(yè)為例,研究水務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體效率及影響因素。實(shí)證分析的第一部分使用三階段DEA模型,通過SFA回歸方法調(diào)整投入變量,得到剔除環(huán)境因素和隨機(jī)因素的技術(shù)效率、純技術(shù)效率、規(guī)模效率。實(shí)證分析的第二部分利用Tobit模型研究了產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)、市場(chǎng)份額、股權(quán)集中程度、技術(shù)人員所占比例、資本周轉(zhuǎn)率、資產(chǎn)收益率、人均總資產(chǎn)對(duì)水務(wù)企業(yè)技術(shù)效率、純技術(shù)效率的影響。通過實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn),目前水務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)整體規(guī)模效率高于純技術(shù)效率,水務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)無(wú)效率主要表現(xiàn)在純技術(shù)無(wú)效率。國(guó)有股份占比對(duì)水務(wù)企業(yè)的技術(shù)效率和純技術(shù)效率有負(fù)面影響。股權(quán)集中程度、技術(shù)人員比重、資本周轉(zhuǎn)率對(duì)水務(wù)企業(yè)的純技術(shù)效率有正面影響。人均總資產(chǎn)對(duì)水務(wù)企業(yè)的技術(shù)效率和純技術(shù)效率均有顯著正面影響。因此,對(duì)水務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)提出以下建議:促進(jìn)地區(qū)之間水務(wù)企業(yè)均衡發(fā)展;鼓勵(lì)再生水行業(yè)發(fā)展;水務(wù)企業(yè)要提高效率,可以從引進(jìn)外資、民營(yíng)資本的角度出發(fā);企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)保障技術(shù)投入,發(fā)揮技術(shù)人員的創(chuàng)新能力,由此實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)純技術(shù)效率的提高;提高企業(yè)資本周轉(zhuǎn)率。
[Abstract]:Urban water system is one of the most important infrastructure in modern cities. The rapid development of urbanization is not only an opportunity but also a challenge for water enterprises. Urbanization brings about a large demand for domestic water, sewage treatment, water supply pipelines and sewage treatment equipment investment. Relying only on the traditional way of management of water enterprises is difficult to cope with. On the other hand, the shortage of urban water resources is prominent in recent years. With the increasing public awareness of environmental protection, the efficiency of water enterprises is widely concerned. It is of great significance to study the efficiency of water enterprises to improve the individual efficiency of water enterprises and the overall efficiency of the industry. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of water industry and the research of domestic and foreign scholars on the efficiency and influencing factors of water enterprises are reviewed. Based on the three-stage DEA,Tobit model, 25 listed water enterprises are taken as an example. To study the overall efficiency and influencing factors of water industry. The first part of the empirical analysis uses the three-stage DEA model, adjusts the input variables through the SFA regression method, obtains the technical efficiency, the pure technical efficiency, the scale efficiency which excludes the environment factor and the random factor. The second part of the empirical analysis uses Tobit model to study the structure of property rights, market share, concentration degree of equity, the proportion of technicians, capital turnover rate, asset return rate, total assets per capita technical efficiency of water enterprises. The effect of pure technical efficiency. Through empirical research, it is found that the overall scale efficiency of water industry is higher than that of pure technology at present, and the technical inefficiency of water industry is mainly manifested in pure technology inefficiency. The proportion of state-owned shares has a negative effect on the technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of water enterprises. The degree of equity concentration, the proportion of technical personnel and the rate of capital turnover have a positive effect on the pure technical efficiency of water enterprises. Total assets per capita have a significant positive impact on the technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency of water enterprises. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward to the water industry: to promote the balanced development of water enterprises between regions, to encourage the development of the renewable water industry, to improve the efficiency of water enterprises, to start from the angle of introducing foreign capital and private capital; The enterprise should guarantee the technical input and bring into play the innovation ability of the technical personnel so as to improve the pure technical efficiency of the enterprise and raise the turnover rate of the enterprise capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F299.24

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 阮丹楓;韓麗紅;;基于DEA模型的水公用事業(yè)上市公司績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)[J];資源與產(chǎn)業(yè);2016年04期

2 孫超平;蘇雷;徐本勇;;基于DEA模型的我國(guó)城市水務(wù)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)研究[J];運(yùn)籌與管理;2016年03期

3 褚淑貞;楊家欣;;BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在醫(yī)藥企業(yè)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)中的應(yīng)用——以我國(guó)中成藥上市企業(yè)為例[J];中國(guó)新藥雜志;2015年17期

4 祝麗萍;蒲越;李燕;;基于層次分析法的醫(yī)藥制造行業(yè)上市公司財(cái)務(wù)績(jī)效的綜合評(píng)價(jià)[J];昌吉學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2015年01期

5 趙瓊;姜惠宸;;文化產(chǎn)業(yè)上市公司效率評(píng)價(jià)及影響因素分析——基于DEA模型的分析框架[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)問題;2014年09期

6 薛亮;;中國(guó)城市水務(wù)法研究述評(píng)[J];蘭州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2014年02期

7 陳明;周萌萌;;城市水務(wù)民營(yíng)化績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)研究[J];現(xiàn)代管理科學(xué);2014年03期

8 孫麗華;;基于灰色關(guān)聯(lián)模型的中國(guó)林業(yè)上市公司績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)研究[J];林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)問題;2013年03期

9 劉洪久;胡彥蓉;馬衛(wèi)民;;上市航運(yùn)企業(yè)績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)證分析——基于財(cái)務(wù)視角[J];企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2013年04期

10 曹艷秋;高大鵬;;國(guó)有壟斷水務(wù)集團(tuán)與上市水務(wù)企業(yè)的相對(duì)效率分析[J];國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)論;2013年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2404094