發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 08:27

【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)從農(nóng)村到城市,從中西部到東部的巨大人口流動(dòng)潮,人口流動(dòng)已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展在人口領(lǐng)域的顯著特征,并隨著時(shí)間的推移也具有了相應(yīng)的時(shí)代特征。2015年年末,我國(guó)流動(dòng)人口數(shù)量達(dá)2.47億人,同時(shí),新生代流動(dòng)人口占比持續(xù)提高。流動(dòng)人口是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的產(chǎn)物,又反過來影響著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,隨著流動(dòng)人口數(shù)量的增多,相應(yīng)的也出現(xiàn)了一些城市人口擁擠、流動(dòng)人口受到戶籍歧視不能均等的享受流入地公共服務(wù)等社會(huì)融入問題,所以推進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化建設(shè)具有相應(yīng)的時(shí)代背景,到底公共服務(wù)均等化對(duì)于勞動(dòng)力的流動(dòng)產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響,需要做進(jìn)一步的深入研究�；诖�,本文利用2010-2015年國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委流動(dòng)人口問卷調(diào)查中勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的微觀數(shù)據(jù)分析了現(xiàn)階段勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的個(gè)體特征,并選取了18個(gè)目標(biāo)城市的基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)代表性城市進(jìn)行基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平的量化評(píng)價(jià),運(yùn)用托達(dá)羅人口流動(dòng)行為模型進(jìn)行多元線性回歸分析,研究了不同城市間基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平對(duì)勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的影響,將“流動(dòng)人口數(shù)量”、“流動(dòng)人口預(yù)期收入”、“流動(dòng)人口受教育年限”和“基本公共服務(wù)均等化水平”作為替代指標(biāo)引入托達(dá)羅流動(dòng)人口模型中,分析了各因素對(duì)人口流動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的影響,并采用因子分析法得出基本公共服務(wù)主因子與微觀流動(dòng)人口角度的基本公共服務(wù)對(duì)勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的影響進(jìn)行深度探究,實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,勞動(dòng)力選擇流向某個(gè)城市,不僅為了獲得更高的工資和更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),而且還為了享受該城市所提供的醫(yī)療、教育、社會(huì)保障等基本公共服務(wù),在加入流動(dòng)距離和戶籍制度限制因素后,基本公共服務(wù)對(duì)勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的影響依然穩(wěn)健,勞動(dòng)者的流動(dòng)行為受到了個(gè)人特征、流入地特征、流動(dòng)距離和戶籍制度的共同影響。本文通過理論與實(shí)證分析彌補(bǔ)了以往在基本公共服務(wù)均等化與勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)關(guān)系論證研究方面的不足,揭示了基本公共服務(wù)均等化對(duì)勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的影響因子及影響程度,期盼能夠?yàn)檎咧贫ㄌ峁⿲?shí)證依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has experienced a huge wave of population mobility from rural to urban areas, from the central and western regions to the east. Population mobility has become a prominent feature of China's economic and social development in the population field. At the end of 2015, the number of floating population in China reached 247 million, and the proportion of new generation floating population continued to increase. The floating population is the product of the market economy, which in turn affects the development of the economy. With the increase of the number of the floating population, there are also some urban population congestion. The floating population is not able to enjoy equally the social integration problems such as the public service in the place of residence, so it has the corresponding background of the times to promote the construction of equalization of basic public services. In the end, how does equalization of public services affect labor mobility needs further study. Based on this, this paper analyzes the individual characteristics of labor mobility in the present stage by using the micro data of the floating population questionnaire of the National Health and Family Planning Commission from 2010 to 2015. At the same time, 18 target cities' basic public service equalization level data are selected to evaluate the basic public service equalization level quantificationally, and the Todaro population mobility behavior model is used to carry out multivariate linear regression analysis. This paper studies the influence of the level of equalization of basic public services among different cities on the labor mobility, which includes "the number of floating population" and "the expected income of floating population". "the years of education of the floating population" and "the level of equalization of basic public services" were introduced into the Todaro floating population model as alternative indicators, and the effects of various factors on population mobility were analyzed. Using factor analysis method, the author makes a deep research on the influence of basic public service on labor mobility from the angle of the principal factor of basic public service and the micro floating population. The empirical results show that the labor force chooses to flow to a certain city. Not only in order to obtain higher wages and more employment opportunities, but also to enjoy the basic public services provided by the city, such as health care, education, social security and so on, after adding the mobility distance and the restrictions of the household registration system, The influence of basic public service on labor mobility is still steady, and the mobility behavior of workers is influenced by the characteristics of individuals, places of residence, mobility distance and household registration system. Through theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper makes up for the shortcomings of the previous studies on the relationship between equalization of basic public services and labor mobility, and reveals the influence factors and the degree of influence of equalization of basic public services on labor mobility. Looking forward to providing empirical evidence for policy making.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F249.2

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