本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響研究　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城鎮(zhèn)化 糧食生產(chǎn) 技術(shù)效率 人口城鎮(zhèn)化 土地城鎮(zhèn)化 經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是中國現(xiàn)代化不可逾越的發(fā)展階段,是我國最大的內(nèi)需潛力和發(fā)展動力所在。積極穩(wěn)妥地推進城鎮(zhèn)化,對解決農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)民和農(nóng)村問題,促進傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型具有重要的意義。城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展對于糧食生產(chǎn)來說是一把“雙刃劍”,一方面,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展促進了糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的進步,生產(chǎn)要素的集聚,糧食生產(chǎn)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變,以及農(nóng)村剩余勞動力的轉(zhuǎn)移,另一方面,城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展也造成了一定的不利影響,農(nóng)村人口“非農(nóng)化”、耕地“非糧化”、水土資源“污損化”、糧食種植主體“老弱化”等現(xiàn)象呈加劇趨勢。城鎮(zhèn)化進程中,勞動力、土地等糧食生產(chǎn)基本要素不可避免地會流失一定數(shù)量到非農(nóng)領(lǐng)域,只有提高糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)水平和糧食生產(chǎn)能力,促進糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的提高,才能彌補糧食生產(chǎn)要素投入減少所帶來的負面影響。那么,城鎮(zhèn)化加速進程中,我國糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率變化趨勢如何?糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率損失的原因是什么?各糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)有何差異?城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率之間的關(guān)系是什么樣的?是“促進”還是“抑制”?城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率影響的途徑是什么?從宏觀和微觀層面來看,是否存在差異?為了對這些問題進行解答,本研究圍繞這些方面展開了詳細分析,對提高糧食生產(chǎn)能力,促進城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文研究內(nèi)容主要分為八章,主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:第一部分:第1章和和第2章。首先,對本研究的背景、目的、意義、思路、方法以及可能存在的創(chuàng)新點進行了闡述,并對本研究的兩個核心概念“城鎮(zhèn)化”和“技術(shù)效率”進行了界定和說明。然后,對本研究的相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)進行了闡述和分析,并對城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率相關(guān)的文獻進行了梳理和評述,從而為本研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第二部分:第3章對城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀進行分析。從人口城鎮(zhèn)化、土地城鎮(zhèn)化、經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化以及城鎮(zhèn)化所面臨的資源問題等四個方面對我國城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行了分析,并對勞動力、土地等糧食生產(chǎn)基本要素現(xiàn)狀以及糧食生產(chǎn)所面臨的環(huán)境污染問題進行分析。第三部分:第4章對我國糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率進行測度和分析。在我國糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率測算的基礎(chǔ)上,分糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)、主銷區(qū)和平衡區(qū)對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的時空趨勢、省際差異和動態(tài)演進進行了分析,并進一步對糧食生產(chǎn)投入和產(chǎn)出冗余率進行了計算,以分析糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率損失的原因。第四部分:第5章對我國城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的關(guān)系進行分析。將城鎮(zhèn)化劃分為人口城鎮(zhèn)化、土地城鎮(zhèn)化和經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化等三個子系統(tǒng),對我國城鎮(zhèn)化綜合發(fā)展水平進行了測算,并分功能區(qū)進行了分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上又從定性和定量兩個角度對我國各功能區(qū)城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率之間的“促進”和“抑制”關(guān)系進行了分析。第五部分:第6章和第7章。基于宏觀和微觀兩個視角,從人口、土地和經(jīng)濟三個方面,對城鎮(zhèn)化給糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率造成的影響進行了分析。基于宏觀層面分析時,將考察期劃分為四個階段,分析了城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率影響的時間差異,并將環(huán)境變量納入到糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率測算框架,分析了環(huán)境約束下城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響。基于微觀農(nóng)戶層面,利用湖北和河南兩省17個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn),48個行政村的477份隨機調(diào)查農(nóng)戶數(shù)據(jù),分析了城鎮(zhèn)化對農(nóng)戶糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響。本研究的研究結(jié)論為:(1)總體而言,我國糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率和全要素生產(chǎn)率呈現(xiàn)出波動式上升趨勢,但存在功能區(qū)差異。(2)全國整體而言,糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率損失的原因主要集中在糧食生產(chǎn)投入要素方面,產(chǎn)出不足不是我國糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率損失的原因,機械總動力投入過量和勞動力投入過量是導(dǎo)致糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率損失的兩大原因,就各功能區(qū)和省份而言,效率損失的原因有所差異。(3)我國整體層面城鎮(zhèn)化各子系統(tǒng)發(fā)展水平在考察期內(nèi)都呈上升趨勢,其中,土地城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展水平最高,經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化次之,人口城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展水平最低,各糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)有所不同。城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率存在相互促進和約束的關(guān)系,二者的長期均衡關(guān)系對短期的影響存在功能區(qū)差異性,總體來說,城鎮(zhèn)化和糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率響應(yīng)之間的變動為正,并逐漸趨向一個穩(wěn)定的水平。(4)基于宏觀層面,人口城鎮(zhèn)化、土地城鎮(zhèn)化和經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響存在時間差異。環(huán)境約束下,人口城鎮(zhèn)化有利于糧食主銷區(qū)和平衡區(qū)糧食生產(chǎn)環(huán)境技術(shù)效率提升,對糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)則相反。土地城鎮(zhèn)化和經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化不利于全國及各糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)糧食生產(chǎn)環(huán)境技術(shù)效率的提升。(5)基于微觀層面,在現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)和投入產(chǎn)出水平下,樣本農(nóng)戶的糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率還有32%的提升空間。人口城鎮(zhèn)化和經(jīng)濟城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的提升有正影響,土地城鎮(zhèn)化對糧食生產(chǎn)技術(shù)效率的影響為負。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is the development stage Chinese modernization impassable, is China's largest domestic demand potential and development motivation. Actively and steadily promote urbanization, to solve the problem of agriculture, farmers and rural issues, has important significance to promote the transformation of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. The development of urbanization for grain production is a double-edged sword "on the one hand, the development of urbanization to promote grain production and technological progress, the agglomeration of production factors, change the grain production mode, and the transfer of rural surplus labor, on the other hand, the development of urbanization has caused some adverse effects of rural population, non-agricultural land," non food "the water and soil resources" fouling ", such as the main" old weakening "cultivation of food phenomenon increased. In the process of urbanization, labor, land and other basic elements of grain production will inevitably lose a certain number To non-agricultural areas, only to improve food production technology and food production capacity, promote the technical efficiency of food production increase, in order to make up for the grain production input factors to reduce the negative influence. So, the acceleration of urbanization process, how the production technical efficiency change trend of grain in China? What is the reason for the grain production efficiency loss? The grain production area differences? The relationship between technical efficiency and grain production in town is what kind of? Is to "promote" or "suppression"? What is the way of urbanization on the technical efficiency of food production. Loud? From the macro and micro level, whether there are differences in order to carry out the answers to these questions? The research on these aspects, a detailed analysis of improving grain production capacity, is of great significance to promote the coordinated development of towns and grain production. This paper studies The main content is divided into eight chapters, the main contents and conclusions are as follows: the first part: the first chapter and the second chapter. Firstly, the background of this study, purpose, significance, ideas, methods and innovations are described, and two core concepts of this research town "and" the technical efficiency "was defined and explained. Then, the relevant theoretical basis of this research are described and analyzed, and related to the technical efficiency of urbanization and grain production in the literature was reviewed and thus laid the foundation for this study. The second part: the third chapter current situation of the urbanization and the development of grain production analysis from the population urbanization, land urbanization, four aspects of Economic Urbanization and urbanization facing resource problem has carried on the analysis to the current development of China's urbanization, and the basic elements of labor, land and other food production The status quo and problems of environmental pollution faced by grain production were analyzed. The third part: the fourth chapter is to measure and analyze the technical efficiency of grain production in China. Based on the calculation of technical efficiency of China's grain production on the sub grain producing areas, spatial and temporal trends on the technical efficiency of food production areas and areas, and provincial differences the dynamic evolution of the analysis, and further to the grain production input and output redundancy rate were calculated to analyze the reason why the grain production technology efficiency loss. The fourth part: the fifth chapter is the analysis of the relationship between the technical efficiency of China's grain production and urbanization. Urbanization will be divided into population urbanization, land urbanization and economy urbanization and other three subsystems to calculate China's urbanization comprehensive development level, and functional areas are analyzed, on the basis of qualitative and quantitative and from two angles to me Between technical efficiency and grain production in various functional areas of urban "promotion" and "suppression" relations were analyzed. The fifth part: the sixth chapter and the seventh chapter. The macro and micro two perspectives from three aspects based on population, land and economic impact to the technical efficiency of food production caused by the towns of the analysis. Based on the macro level analysis, the study period is divided into four stages, analyzes the influence of urbanization on the technical efficiency of food production time difference, and the environmental variables into the grain production technical efficiency measurement framework, analysis of the impact on the technical efficiency of food production environment under the constraint of urban household level based on micro. The Hubei and Henan two provinces, 17 townships, 477 random household survey data of 48 administrative villages, analyzes the influence of urbanization on the technical efficiency of food production farmers. This research conclusion is: (1) Overall, the technical efficiency of China's grain production and TFP showed increasing trend, but there are differences in functional areas. (2) the overall grain production technology efficiency loss is mainly concentrated in the food production input factors, lack of output is not reason for China's grain production technology efficiency loss, total excessive input power machinery and labor input excess is the two leading cause of food production technology efficiency loss, the functional areas and provinces, causes of efficiency loss vary. (3) the overall level of China's urbanization development level of each subsystem in the study period was increased, the level of land development the highest urbanization, economy urbanization of population urbanization level is lowest, the grain production area is different. The technical efficiency of food production and promote each other and towns The relationship between the beam, the long-term equilibrium relationship between the existence of the two functional areas of difference, short-term impact overall, changes in production technology efficiency between response of urbanization and food is positive, and gradually tends to a stable level. (4) based on the macro level, population urbanization, land urbanization and urban economy the influence on the technical efficiency of food production are time difference. Under the restraint of environment, population urbanization is conducive to the main grain market and the balance of environmental technical efficiency of food production increase, the grain producing areas is contrary. Land urbanization and urbanization is not conducive to the national economy and the grain production area of grain production to improve the efficiency of environmental technology. (5) based on the micro level, the existing technology and the level of input and output, the sample farmers grain production technical efficiency and 32% improvement. Population urbanization and Economic Urbanization on food production Has a positive effect to improve the efficiency of technology, land urbanization impact on the technical efficiency of food production is negative.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F224;F299.21;F326.11
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本文編號：1405445