本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于多階段網(wǎng)絡(luò)DEA模型的高鐵運(yùn)營效率國際化比較研究　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 高速鐵路 效率評(píng)價(jià) 多階段網(wǎng)絡(luò)DEA模型 Tobit回歸模型

【摘要】：為了滿足人們對(duì)于流動(dòng)性和高速度的要求,經(jīng)過十多年堅(jiān)持不懈的努力,中國斥巨資建成了世界上最大規(guī)模以及最高運(yùn)營速度的高速鐵路網(wǎng),取得了“技術(shù)一流”的成績。然而,雖然中國高鐵建設(shè)取得了“世界一流”的成績,但是否實(shí)現(xiàn)了“管理一流和運(yùn)營效率一流”的初始目標(biāo)尚未得到很好的研究和檢驗(yàn)。本文試圖通過國際比較的辦法來探討中國高鐵的運(yùn)營效率是否也處于世界先進(jìn)行列這一基本問題。具體實(shí)現(xiàn)的路徑是采用多階段網(wǎng)絡(luò)DEA模型,對(duì)四個(gè)歐洲國家和四個(gè)亞洲國家與地區(qū)(含中國)共八個(gè)高速鐵路系統(tǒng)2008-2014年間的運(yùn)營效率進(jìn)行研究,并將高鐵的運(yùn)營過程分為三個(gè)階段(走行過程、運(yùn)輸過程和經(jīng)營過程)分別衡量高鐵動(dòng)車組運(yùn)用效率(移動(dòng)設(shè)備)、高鐵運(yùn)輸效率(移動(dòng)設(shè)備加固定設(shè)備)和高鐵經(jīng)營效率。最后利用Tobit回歸模型對(duì)影響高速鐵路運(yùn)營效率的因素進(jìn)行了探討。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)2008-2014整個(gè)期間,法國、德國、日本、韓國和中國臺(tái)灣是整體DEA有效的決策單元。(2)中國在2008-2011年間一直是最差的決策單元,但中國也是所有決策單元中進(jìn)步最快的決策單元,并且從2012年開始超過了意大利和西班牙,2013年也成為了 DEA有效的決策單元。(3)從2008-2014年的平均水平上來看,歐洲地區(qū)高鐵和亞洲地區(qū)高鐵的運(yùn)營綜合效率水平不相上下,但是歐洲地區(qū)在規(guī)模效率的發(fā)展上要優(yōu)于亞洲地區(qū),而亞洲地區(qū)在純技術(shù)效率方面要更具有優(yōu)勢。(4)分階段效率評(píng)價(jià)中,韓國在第一階段實(shí)現(xiàn)了 DEA有效,中國和中國臺(tái)灣在第二階段表現(xiàn)為DEA有效,德國則在第三階段經(jīng)營過程中表現(xiàn)最好。特別地對(duì)于中國來說,中國在走行過程和經(jīng)營過程的效率較低,在運(yùn)輸過程的效率較高。(5)在動(dòng)態(tài)效率評(píng)價(jià)中,2008-2014年這期間各決策單元的變動(dòng)情況是:法國、德國、意大利和中國臺(tái)灣的Malmquist生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,而西班牙、日本、韓國和中國在整個(gè)期間的Malmquist生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)有顯著的變化,波動(dòng)較大。(6)歐洲地區(qū)和亞洲地區(qū)相比較而言,國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值、高鐵路網(wǎng)密度、高鐵客座利用率、高鐵旅客運(yùn)輸密度對(duì)兩個(gè)地區(qū)的高鐵運(yùn)營綜合效率都有顯著的影響,但是人口總數(shù)對(duì)于亞洲地區(qū)的高鐵運(yùn)營綜合效率也會(huì)有顯著的影響,并且通過研究結(jié)果也可以發(fā)現(xiàn):國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值主要影響的是高鐵運(yùn)營的規(guī)模效率,對(duì)純技術(shù)效率的影響并不十分顯著。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the demand for liquidity and high speed, after more than 10 years of unremittingly efforts, China heavily built the world's largest and the highest operating speed of high-speed railway network, has achieved "first-class technology" achievements. However, although Chinese Gao Tiejian made "world class" performance, but whether the implementation of the initial goal of first-class management and operational efficiency first "has not yet been studied and a good test. This paper attempts by international comparison approach to explore the operational efficiency of Chinese high iron is the basic problem in the advanced ranks in the world. The specific path is realized by multi stage network DEA model, in four European countries and four Asian countries and regions (including China) of a total of eight high-speed railway system during 2008-2014 operation efficiency, operation process and high iron into three Stage (walking process, transportation process and operating process) to respectively measure high-speed EMU use efficiency (mobile devices), high speed rail transport efficiency (mobile and fixed equipment) and high iron operation efficiency. Finally, using Tobit regression model to affect the operational efficiency of high-speed railway were discussed. The results show that: (1) 2008-2014 whole period, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan Chinese is effective. The overall decision making unit DEA (2) China is the worst decision unit in 2008-2011 years, but the rapid progress China decision unit is all the decision-making unit, and from the beginning of 2012 over Italy and Spain 2013 has become the DEA effective decision unit (3). The average level of 2008-2014 from the point of view, the high iron regions in Europe and Asia overall efficiency level of operation of high iron comparable, but in Europe in scale The efficiency of the development is better than that of Asia, and Asia in the pure technical efficiency has more advantages. (4) evaluation stage efficiency, South Korea in the first stage of implementation of DEA, Chinese and China Taiwan in the second stage was DEA, Germany in the third stage during the operation of the best performance. Especially for Chinese, Chinese efficiency in the running process and operating process of the low, high efficiency in the transportation process. (5) in the dynamic efficiency evaluation in 2008-2014 years during which changes in each decision unit is: France, Germany, Italy and Taiwan China Malmquist productivity index is relatively stable, while Spain Japan, South Korea, and China during the whole period of the Malmquist productivity index has significant changes, fluctuations. (6) in Europe and Asia in comparison, GDP, high density of railway net, high Tieke Seat utilization rate have significant influence on the comprehensive efficiency of high-speed rail operations in two regions of high-speed rail passenger transport density, but the total population for the comprehensive efficiency of high-speed rail operators in Asia will have a significant impact, and the results can be found: GDP is mainly affect the high iron operation scale influence on efficiency, pure technical efficiency is not very significant.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F224;F531

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