本文關(guān)鍵詞：需求不確定下物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈整合運(yùn)作研究　出處：《北京科技大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：隨著電子商務(wù)的快速發(fā)展,物流服務(wù)需求逐漸呈現(xiàn)出反應(yīng)快速化、功能集成化、組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、經(jīng)營市場化等特點(diǎn),為有效滿足顧客的不確定性需求,物流服務(wù)企業(yè)開始逐漸對閑散、重復(fù)的物流資源進(jìn)行整合,通過加強(qiáng)不同類型企業(yè)之間的橫縱向合作,逐步建立物流資源節(jié)約型和物流服務(wù)一體化的新型管理模式。本文首先根據(jù)物流服務(wù)提供商的功能特點(diǎn),將物流服務(wù)提供商分為功能提供商和集成商兩大類,以功能提供商和集成商組成的物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng)為研究對象,運(yùn)用資源基礎(chǔ)理論、能力外購理論和契約理論,從物流服務(wù)能力數(shù)量的角度,深入研究物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈整體和各成員之間的整合運(yùn)作機(jī)制,以促進(jìn)物流服務(wù)資源的有效利用,提高物流服務(wù)提供商的運(yùn)營效率。主要沿著從縱向到橫向、從整體(物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈)到部分(鏈上成員:下游集成商和上游功能提供商)的思路展開研究,研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:(1)研究了需求不確定性下采取批發(fā)價(jià)格契約和信用支付時(shí)物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈的縱向運(yùn)作決策。針對由單一功能提供商、單一集成商和顧客組成的物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈系統(tǒng),當(dāng)物流服務(wù)能力存在缺貨損失和殘值盈余時(shí),建立了批發(fā)價(jià)格契約下功能提供商和集成商的決策模型,并研究了缺貨損失在物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈中的轉(zhuǎn)移效應(yīng)。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了含有信用支付期限的物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈決策模型,并設(shè)計(jì)了基于收益共享、機(jī)會主義損失共擔(dān)的協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制,有效實(shí)現(xiàn)了物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈的協(xié)調(diào)。(2)研究了需求依賴價(jià)格且考慮時(shí)間的物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈縱向運(yùn)作決策。當(dāng)集成商在銷售周期內(nèi)物流服務(wù)能力的零售價(jià)格可以改變時(shí),建立了需求依賴價(jià)格且考慮時(shí)間的物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈模型,對集成商擁有單次采購機(jī)會和兩次采購機(jī)會的采購模式進(jìn)行了討論,分別設(shè)計(jì)了兩種采購模式下的四種決策策略。對于功能提供商來說,有補(bǔ)償和批發(fā)價(jià)格折扣策略較優(yōu),且單階段采購模式下的收益優(yōu)于兩階段采購模式下的收益;對于集成商來說,無補(bǔ)償和批發(fā)價(jià)格折扣下的策略較優(yōu),且兩階段采購模式下的收益優(yōu)于單階段采購模式下的收益。(3)考慮能力預(yù)留的集成商之間的橫向合作決策研究。對于下游集成商,在能力共享模型的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了需求依賴價(jià)格下考慮能力預(yù)留的橫向合作模型。結(jié)果表明:集成商之間采用能力預(yù)留合作模式優(yōu)于僅采用能力共享模式;在能力預(yù)留模式下,主導(dǎo)者集成商往往會降低在功能提供商處的物流服務(wù)能力采購數(shù)量,以較低的價(jià)格在跟隨者集成商處預(yù)留一定數(shù)量的服務(wù)能力,而跟隨者集成商會增加在功能提供商處的物流服務(wù)能力采購數(shù)量,以較高的價(jià)格出售給主導(dǎo)者集成商;能力預(yù)留合作模式還能夠增加功能提供商的銷售量和收益,實(shí)現(xiàn)物流服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈的整體優(yōu)化。(4)區(qū)域間不同運(yùn)輸類型功能提供商的聯(lián)合運(yùn)作決策研究。對于上游功能提供商來說,以不同運(yùn)輸類型的功能提供商為研究背景,以一家規(guī)模較大的公路物流服務(wù)功能提供商、一家規(guī)模較小的公路物流服務(wù)功能提供商和一家鐵路運(yùn)輸為主的物流服務(wù)功能提供商組成的系統(tǒng)為研究對象,引入Logit效用函數(shù)表示不確定性需求,分別建立了三者在不同合作情形下的決策模型,并對顧客盈余、社會福利和相關(guān)參數(shù)的敏感性進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:任意功能提供商之間的合作均優(yōu)于獨(dú)立決策;從功能提供商的角度來說,大型公路功能提供商與鐵路功能提供商之間的合作為最優(yōu)決策;從顧客和社會的角度來說,大型公路功能提供商和小型公路功能提供商之間的合作為最優(yōu)決策。市場規(guī)模效應(yīng)系數(shù)、效用系數(shù)和市場需求系數(shù)的變化并不會影響功能提供商、顧客和社會的最優(yōu)決策行為,合作成員收益、顧客盈余和社會福利是規(guī)模效應(yīng)的凹函數(shù),且三者不僅隨效用系數(shù)的增加而增加,還隨市場需求系數(shù)的增加而增加。(5)從正式控制的角度,研究物流服務(wù)提供商整合運(yùn)作的關(guān)系治理和機(jī)會主義。采用實(shí)證分析法,基于124份物流服務(wù)提供商的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用潛調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型,研究關(guān)系治理與正式控制在治理物流服務(wù)提供商之間機(jī)會主義行為時(shí)各自及其交互作用,以及機(jī)會主義行為對整合績效的影響。研究表明:信任、承諾、過程控制、結(jié)果控制均可以有效遏制機(jī)會主義行為的發(fā)生,而聯(lián)合行動對降低機(jī)會主義行為沒有顯著影響,機(jī)會主義行為對整合績效具有顯著的負(fù)向影響;過程控制弱化了信任、承諾在降低機(jī)會主義行為方面的作用,結(jié)果控制則強(qiáng)化了信任、承諾、聯(lián)合行動在降低機(jī)會主義行為方面的作用。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics service demand is gradually showing a rapid reaction, the characteristics of function integration, organization network, market and so on, in order to effectively meet the uncertainty of customer demand, logistics service enterprises began to repeat the idle, logistics resources integration, by strengthening the cooperation between different types of horizontal and vertical the new management mode and gradually establish a resource-saving logistics and logistics service integration. According to the features of logistics service providers, logistics service providers will be divided into two categories, function providers and integrators, logistics service supply chain system with functions of providers and integrators as the research object, using the basic theory of resources, the ability of outsourcing theory and contract theory, from the number of logistics service capability perspective, the integration mechanism between study of logistics service supply chain and the members, in order to promote the effective use of logistics resources, improve the operation efficiency of the logistics service provider. Mainly along from vertical to horizontal, from the whole (logistics service supply chain (part) to members of the chain: the downstream and upstream function integrators providers) launches the research ideas, research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of the longitudinal operation decisions under uncertainty of demand by the wholesale price contract and credit payment when the logistics service supply chain the. Logistics service supply chain system composed by a single function for single providers, integrators and customers, when the logistics service capability of stock loss and residual earnings, set up the decision-making model of function providers and integrators under the wholesale price contract, and studies the transfer effect of stock loss in the logistics service supply chain. On this basis, a decision-making model of logistics service supply chain with credit payment term is established, and a coordination mechanism based on revenue sharing and opportunistic loss sharing is designed, which effectively realizes the coordination of logistics service supply chain. (2) the longitudinal operation decision of the supply chain of logistics service is studied, which depends on the price and consider the time. When the logistics service capability in the sales cycle integrator retail price may change, the establishment of price and consider the logistics service supply chain model of time dependent demand, discusses with single integrator procurement opportunities and two procurement opportunities procurement model, respectively designed four kinds of strategy two procurement mode. The function of providers, compensation and wholesale price discount strategy is better than the single stage and purchasing mode of profit is better than two stage procurement revenue; for integrators, without compensation and the wholesale price discount strategy is better, and the purchasing mode of single stage two stage procurement mode is better than the revenue income. (3) the study of horizontal cooperation between the integrators who consider the ability to reserve. For downstream integrators, on the basis of the capacity sharing model, a horizontal cooperative model is established to consider the capacity reservation under the demand dependent price. The results show that the capacity reservation mode of cooperation between integrators is better than using only the ability of sharing mode; in the capacity reservation mode, leading integrators tend to reduce in the number of function provider logistics service capacity procurement, to lower prices in the following integrator to reserve a certain number of service ability, and increase the number of followers of the integrated chamber of commerce the function of logistics service provider capacity procurement, sold to leading integrators to higher prices; the capacity reservation cooperation mode could also increase the sales volume and profit function provider, to optimize the logistics service supply chain. (4) research on joint operation decision of functional providers of different types of transportation between regions. The function of upstream providers, with different types of transportation providers function as the research background, system function of logistics services provider to highway logistics services provider of a large scale highway logistics services providers, a smaller and a railway transport as the main component as the research object, the introduction of Logit utility function to express the Uncertainty Demand, decision models were established in three different cooperative situations, and sensitivity to the customer surplus, social welfare and related parameters are analyzed. The results show that the function of the cooperation between any providers are better than independent decision-making; from the function provider perspective, between the major function of the highway and railway function provider provider cooperation for optimal decision-making; from the customer and the point of view of society, between large and small business function provides road highway function provider cooperation for optimal decision. Changes in market size effect coefficient, utility coefficient and market demand coefficient does not affect the function of providers, customers and society the optimal decision-making behavior, cooperative member benefits, customer surplus and social welfare is a concave function of the scale effect, and the three not only with the utility coefficient increase, also increased with the increase of market demand coefficient the. (5) from the perspective of formal control, we study the relationship governance and opportunism of the integrated operation of logistics service providers. Using the empirical analysis method, questionnaire survey data of 124 logistics service providers based on the use of latent regulation of structural equation model, study on the relationship between corporate governance and opportunistic behavior between formal control in the governance of logistics service providers respectively and their interaction, and the opportunism behavior on the integration performance. Research shows that trust, commitment, process control, the control can effectively curb the occurrence of opportunistic behavior, and joint action has no significant effect on reducing the opportunism behavior, opportunism behavior of integrated performance has a significant negative impact; process control weakens the trust and commitment to reduce the opportunism behaviors, the results will strengthen control trust, commitment, joint action in
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274;F259.2
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本文編號：1347117