本文關(guān)鍵詞：政府和社會資本合作（PPP）項目價格機制研究　出處：《中國財政科學研究院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： PPP項目 價格機制 國際經(jīng)驗 政策建議

【摘要】：為了解決公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)品數(shù)量匱乏、同質(zhì)化單一化嚴重、有效投資不足、東西部及城鄉(xiāng)差距大等問題,2014年,財政部會同各部門按照黨中央國務(wù)院有關(guān)部署,根據(jù)黨的十八屆三中全會《中共中央關(guān)于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定》精神,把政府和社會資本合作(Public Private Partnership,PPP)由過去簡單的政府市場化投融資手段全面提升為一種綜合性的公共服務(wù)市場化、社會化供給方式,充分利用社會市場的力量,全面增加、優(yōu)化、提升公共服務(wù)的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量。PPP改革是一項以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主,需求拉動為輔的改革,是全面深化改革的一部分。價格機制是落實PPP改革的關(guān)鍵一環(huán)。當前,我國公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域價格整體水平偏低,產(chǎn)生了諸多不合理現(xiàn)象;價格手段不夠多樣化,PPP模式下傳統(tǒng)成本加成模式面臨著基于信息不對稱的社會資本成本“黑箱”和缺乏激勵相容機制等難題;PPP項目價格競爭存在兩種極端,一是濫用采購方式,盲目擴大競爭性磋商、競爭性談判和單一來源采購適用范圍,競爭不充分導致價格偏高,二是低價搶標,惡意競爭,價格過低無法滿足社會資本收益需求,導致全生命周期服務(wù)質(zhì)量下滑。因此,理順PPP項目價格機制,充分發(fā)揮價格杠桿的作用,對于更科學有效可持續(xù)地利用財政資源、鼓勵和引導社會資本投資、穩(wěn)定社會資本收益預期、加速項目落地以及保障公共利益具有重要意義。在深刻把握新形勢下我國PPP發(fā)展內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,通過系統(tǒng)梳理研究傳統(tǒng)價格監(jiān)管理論、市場成熟國家PPP價格機制經(jīng)驗、國內(nèi)外典型PPP項目定價調(diào)價實踐成果,并結(jié)合調(diào)研情況和我國實際,本文從價格機制系統(tǒng)論的角度出發(fā),指出我國PPP項目價格機制在價前設(shè)計環(huán)節(jié)存在法律制度不健全的問題;在價中管理環(huán)節(jié)缺乏科學合理的定價機制、調(diào)價機制,且難以掌握真實成本信息;在價后評估環(huán)節(jié)則存在價格監(jiān)管能力有待加強、價后績效評價體系不健全等問題。對此,本文提出,價前設(shè)計應主要考慮價格原則,解決“基礎(chǔ)環(huán)境”的問題;價中管理主要考慮價格模式,解決“怎么付”的問題;價后評估主要考慮價格績效,解決“效益如何”的問題,具體對策建議如下:一是優(yōu)化完善PPP項目價格頂層設(shè)計;二是明確PPP項目價格機制的基本原則;三是建立健全PPP項目定價機制;四是加快完善PPP項目價格動態(tài)調(diào)整機制;五是加強PPP項目價格監(jiān)管能力建設(shè);六是完善PPP項目價后績效評價體系。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the lack of public services, number of products homogenization serious, single effective investment insufficiency, the southwest and the gap between urban and rural areas and other issues, in 2014, the Ministry of finance departments in accordance with the Party Central Committee and the State Council on the deployment, according to the party's the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee "decision" of the CPC Central Committee on deepening reform of the overall number of major issues, the government and the social capital cooperation (Public Private Partnership, PPP) from the past simple government market financing means to enhance a comprehensive public service marketization, socialization supply, make full use of social forces of the market, the quantity and quality of the overall increase, optimize and enhance the public service. The reform of PPP is a reform based on the structural reform of the supply side, supplemented by demand, and is a part of the comprehensive deepening of the reform. The price mechanism is the key link in the implementation of the PPP reform. At present, the overall price level of the public service in China is low, resulting in many unreasonable price; enough means diversification, the traditional cost plus model under PPP mode based on information asymmetry facing social capital cost of the "black box" and the lack of incentive mechanism and other problems; PPP project price competition there are two extremes, one is the abuse of procurement, blind expansion of competitive negotiation, competitive negotiation and the applicable scope of single source procurement, insufficient competition leads to high prices, the two is the price bidding, malicious competition, low prices can not meet the demand of social capital gains, resulting in the whole life cycle of service quality decline. Therefore, rationalize the price mechanism of PPP project, make full use of price leverage, more scientific and effective for the sustainable use of financial resources, encourage and guide social capital and social capital, stable earnings expectations, accelerate the project landing and safeguard the public interest is of great significance. Under the new situation based on grasping the connotation of PPP development in China, through the typical PPP project systematically research on traditional theory of price regulation, market price mechanism, PPP mature countries experience at home and abroad pricing price adjustment practice, and combined with the research and practice of China, this article from the price mechanism of system theory, pointed out that the price mechanism China's PPP projects in the price before the design of the legal system is not perfect; lack of price management in scientific and rational pricing mechanism, the price adjustment mechanism, and it is difficult to grasp the real cost information; in the price assessment link exists price regulation ability needs to strengthen, price performance evaluation system is not perfect. In this regard, the price before the design should mainly consider the price principle, to solve the "environment" problem; the main consideration in price price management mode, to solve the "how" problem; price assessment mainly consider price performance, solve the "benefit" of the problem, specific countermeasures and suggestions as follows: one is the perfect price the top-level design of the PPP project; two is the basic principle of the price mechanism clear PPP project; the three is to establish and perfect the PPP project pricing mechanism; four is to accelerate the improvement of the dynamic adjustment mechanism of PPP project price; the five is to strengthen the PPP project price supervision ability construction; the six is to improve the price of PPP project performance evaluation system.
【學位授予單位】：中國財政科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F283

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