【摘要】：作文評價屬于寫作教學的銜接環(huán)節(jié),起到了反思、總結、展望的作用,能加強學生對寫作的認識,找出自身問題,并探尋到具有針對性的改進措施,在作文教學全過程中,具有至關重要的承上啟下的作用。然而,長期以來,小學語文作文評價教學質量不佳,課堂以教師為主,可以說是教師的“一言堂”,難以調動學生評改熱情,難以實現(xiàn)“以評促寫,以點激趣”的功能。小學高年級階段,如何有效實現(xiàn)三維教學目標,建構有效益的習作講評課基本模式,通過習作講評促進學生寫作水平的提升,值得深入研究。一直以來,語文教學與研究工作者都致力于探索如何實施有效評價,并提出了一些建設性的意見,但是現(xiàn)階段評價教學的效果依舊不好。如何通過采取有效評價,優(yōu)化小學語文高段習作評價策略,探尋契合新課改理念的更加有效、科學的習作講評策略與途徑,使得習作教學更加高效,改進教學活動,促進學生綜合素質得以順利發(fā)展,這一問題屬于理論研究與實踐探索中的重要課題,需要深入展開進一步的探索與研究。隨著課程深化的逐步推進與實施,教與學的模式上發(fā)生了較為深刻的革新。《語文課程標準(2011版)》將教學評價定位為致力于促進學生綜合素質發(fā)展,這必然帶來作文評價方式的根本變革:作文評價不再只是終結性評價,而是一種形成性評價。習作講評,不是為了評定學生作文成績,其目標是優(yōu)化學生整體寫作思路、寫作過程與寫作模式,提升學生習作水平。構建多維、多主體、多種方式結合的習作評價模式,采用多元化的習作講評策略有利于促進學生寫作能力,促進學生綜合發(fā)展。本文置身于我國語文課程改革的大背景,結合小學高年級語文習作講評現(xiàn)狀來分析,其目標是探索有效、科學、完善的習作講評機制,通過整理與吸收各方面專家的觀點,研究并提出多元化習作講評體系建構應該遵循實施原則。基于新課改理念中對小學高年級習作教學目標的相關要求,結合學生認知水平、身心發(fā)展規(guī)律,探索出有效、科學的多元化習作講評指標,從習作評價教學的目標、內容和方式優(yōu)化入手,以保障習作講評的順利實施,同時提出基于現(xiàn)代信息技術展開網(wǎng)絡化習作講評、實施專題式習作講評課等策略。研究表明,多元化作文評價策略能調動學生主觀能動性,實施量化與質性相結合的評價策略,有利于促進學生習作水平的整體發(fā)展,通過多元評價,促進師生、生生的交流與分享,在反饋、交流和修改中提升習作能力,本項研究具有較強的現(xiàn)實意義與應用價值。
[Abstract]:Composition evaluation belongs to the cohesion link of writing teaching, which plays the role of reflection, summary and prospect. It can strengthen students' understanding of writing, find out their own problems, and explore targeted improvement measures in the whole process of composition teaching. It plays a vital role in connecting the preceding and the following. However, for a long time, the teaching quality of Chinese composition evaluation in primary school is not good, the classroom is mainly teachers, it can be said that it is the "arbitrariness" of teachers, it is difficult to mobilize students' enthusiasm for evaluation and reform, and it is difficult to realize the function of "promoting writing by evaluation and stimulating interest". In the senior grade stage of primary school, how to effectively realize the goal of three-dimensional teaching, construct the basic mode of effective lecture evaluation of exercises, and promote the improvement of students' writing level through the evaluation of exercises is worthy of further study. For a long time, Chinese teaching and research workers have been committed to exploring how to implement effective evaluation, and put forward some constructive suggestions, but the effect of evaluation teaching is still not good at this stage. How to adopt effective evaluation, optimize the evaluation strategy of Chinese high-level exercises in primary school, and explore more effective and scientific strategies and ways to adapt to the concept of new curriculum reform, so as to make the teaching of exercises more efficient and improve the teaching activities. To promote the smooth development of students' comprehensive quality, this problem belongs to the important topic of theoretical research and practical exploration, which needs to be further explored and studied. With the gradual promotion and implementation of the deepening of the curriculum, a profound innovation has taken place in the mode of teaching and learning. The Chinese Curriculum Standard (2011 Edition) defines the teaching evaluation as dedicated to promoting the development of students' comprehensive quality. This will inevitably bring about a fundamental change in the way of composition evaluation: composition evaluation is no longer just final evaluation, but a formative evaluation. The purpose of exercises is not to evaluate students' composition performance, but to optimize students' overall writing thinking, writing process and writing mode, and to improve students' writing level. It is beneficial to promote students' writing ability and comprehensive development to construct a multi-dimensional, multi-subject and multi-way evaluation model, and to adopt a variety of exercises and evaluation strategies to promote students' writing ability and comprehensive development. This paper puts itself in the background of the reform of Chinese curriculum in our country, and analyzes the present situation of the evaluation of Chinese exercises in the senior grade of primary school. The goal of this paper is to explore an effective, scientific and perfect mechanism for the evaluation of exercises, and to sort out and absorb the views of experts from all aspects. This paper studies and puts forward that the construction of the evaluation system of diversified exercises should follow the principles of implementation. Based on the related requirements of the teaching objectives of exercises in the senior grade of primary school in the concept of new curriculum reform, combined with the cognitive level of students and the law of physical and mental development, this paper explores an effective and scientific evaluation index of diversified exercises, and evaluates the teaching objectives from exercises. Starting with the optimization of contents and methods, in order to ensure the smooth implementation of the evaluation of exercises, and at the same time, this paper puts forward some strategies, such as carrying out the evaluation of network exercises based on modern information technology, and carrying out the lecture and evaluation of thematic exercises. The research shows that pluralistic composition evaluation strategy can mobilize students' subjective initiative and implement quantitative and qualitative evaluation strategy, which is beneficial to promote the overall development of students' practice level, and promote teachers and students through multivariate evaluation. This study has strong practical significance and application value in order to improve the ability of practice in feedback, communication and modification.
【學位授予單位】：杭州師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G623.24

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