【摘要】：利他主義精神一直是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)美德,隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展,道德生活中利他知行沖突現(xiàn)象卻屢見不鮮。小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生正處于利他行為養(yǎng)成的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,其利他行為的發(fā)展對(duì)其社會(huì)性發(fā)展具有重要影響。雖然學(xué)校教育使學(xué)生具備了利他認(rèn)知觀念,但很多學(xué)生在日常生活交往、學(xué)習(xí)中存在只顧自己,不愿幫助他人,不善于與他人合作完成任務(wù)等行為。因此,如何轉(zhuǎn)化小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生的利他知行沖突就顯得尤為重要。本研究試圖通過對(duì)小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生的利他認(rèn)知與利他行為的一致性進(jìn)行研究分析,從而得出小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生的利他知行沖突原因,進(jìn)而提出小學(xué)生利他知行沖突的轉(zhuǎn)化策略。本研究選取大連市兩所小學(xué)的241名高年級(jí)學(xué)生進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,以期得到小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生的利他認(rèn)知現(xiàn)狀及利他行為特點(diǎn)。通過對(duì)小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生利他認(rèn)知與利他行為的比較分析,明確了小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生的利他知行沖突特點(diǎn)為:1.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生在對(duì)象維度的利他知行沖突表現(xiàn)為知而不行;2.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生在助人利益預(yù)期維度的利他知行沖突表現(xiàn)為行而不知;3.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生在助人代價(jià)預(yù)期維度下利他知行沖突表現(xiàn)為知而不行;4.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生在情境約束維度的利他知行沖突表現(xiàn)為知行不一;5.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生在利他的個(gè)體價(jià)值維度的利他知行沖突表現(xiàn)為行而不知。小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生利他知行沖突的原因?yàn)?1.學(xué)校教育方式注重利他認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)忽視利他行為訓(xùn)練;2.家庭教育方式的不一致性與責(zé)任教育的缺乏;3.社會(huì)尚未營(yíng)造出良好的利他環(huán)境;4.小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生利他知行沖突的個(gè)人影響因素:(1)小學(xué)生的意志落后于認(rèn)識(shí);(2)兒童模仿能力強(qiáng)。根據(jù)以上對(duì)沖突特點(diǎn)和原因的比較分析,提出小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生利他知行沖突轉(zhuǎn)化策略:1.學(xué)校教育活動(dòng)中加強(qiáng)小學(xué)生利他行為訓(xùn)練;2.統(tǒng)一家庭教育方式;3.人格傾向贊揚(yáng)及自我概念訓(xùn)練強(qiáng)化利他行為;4.為小學(xué)生提供良好的利他行為榜樣;5.營(yíng)造良好的社會(huì)利他環(huán)境;6.培養(yǎng)個(gè)體意志力
[Abstract]:Altruism spirit has always been the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. With the development of modern society, the phenomenon of altruistic knowledge conflict in moral life is common. The development of altruistic behavior plays an important role in the social development of primary school students. Although school education makes students have the idea of altruism, many students only care about themselves, do not want to help others, and are not good at accomplishing tasks with others in their daily life. Therefore, how to transform the altruistic conflict of primary school students is particularly important. This study attempts to analyze the consistency between altruistic cognition and altruistic behavior of senior primary school students in order to find out the causes of altruistic behavior conflict and then put forward the transformation strategy of primary school students' altruistic behavior conflict. In this study 241 senior students from two primary schools in Dalian were investigated in order to find out the status quo of altruistic cognition and altruistic behavior of senior students in primary schools. Through the comparative analysis of altruistic cognition and altruistic behavior among the senior primary school students, the characteristics of altruistic knowledge and behavior conflict of the senior primary school students are determined as follows: 1. The conflict of altruistic knowledge and behavior of primary school students in object dimension is known but not good; 2. The conflict of altruistic knowledge and behavior in the expected dimension of aiding benefits of primary school senior students is behavior but unknown; 3. The conflict of altruistic knowledge and behavior in the expected cost of helping students in primary school is known but not good; 4. The conflict of altruistic knowledge and behavior of primary school senior students in the dimension of situational constraint is different; 5. The conflict of altruistic knowledge and practice in the individual value dimension of primary school students is behavior but unknown. The causes of altruistic knowledge conflict among primary school students are as follows: 1. The school education way pays attention to altruistic cognitive learning neglects altruistic behavior training; 2. The inconsistency of family education and the lack of responsibility education; 3. Society has not yet created a good altruistic environment; The personal influencing factors of altruistic knowledge and behavior conflict of primary school students are as follows: (1) pupils' will lags behind cognition; (2) children's imitation ability is strong. Based on the above comparative analysis of the conflict characteristics and causes, this paper puts forward the strategies of altruistic knowledge and behavior conflict transformation of senior primary school students: 1. Strengthen the altruistic behavior training of primary school students in school education activities; 2. Unifying the way of family education; 3. Personality tendency praise and self-concept training strengthen altruistic behavior; 4. To provide a good altruistic behavior model for primary school students; Create a good social altruistic environment. Cultivate individual willpowe
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G625.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李德顯;傅維利;劉磊;王丹;;兒童青少年認(rèn)知性誠(chéng)信觀與意象性誠(chéng)信觀的一致性研究[J];全球教育展望;2010年10期

2 鄭顯亮;顧海根;;國(guó)外利他行為影響因素的研究綜述[J];外國(guó)中小學(xué)教育;2010年09期

3 傅維利;王丹;劉磊;李德顯;;誠(chéng)信觀的構(gòu)成及其對(duì)誠(chéng)信教育的啟示[J];教育研究;2010年01期

4 余宏波;劉桂珍;;移情、道德推理、觀點(diǎn)采擇與親社會(huì)行為關(guān)系的研究進(jìn)展[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;2006年01期

5 張旭昆;試析利他行為的不同類型及其原因[J];浙江大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2005年04期

6 傅維利;真實(shí)的道德沖突與學(xué)生的道德成長(zhǎng)[J];教育研究;2005年03期

7 寇_g,唐玲玲;心境對(duì)親社會(huì)行為的影響[J];北京師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2004年05期

8 李丹;影響兒童親社會(huì)行為的因素的研究[J];心理科學(xué);2000年03期

9 廖鳳林,廖桂春,李江雪,吉英蘭;幼兒對(duì)不同被助對(duì)象的助人觀念及其行為發(fā)展的研究[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;1999年01期

10 周強(qiáng)，楊梓;榜樣影響兒童利他行為發(fā)展的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];陜西師大學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1995年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2317249