本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高、低年級小學(xué)生 性別角色 理解　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究宏觀上基于對性別文化的再思考,審視古今中外性別文化的發(fā)展趨勢,微觀上基于學(xué)校教育中性別教育缺失現(xiàn)象的反思及小學(xué)生身心發(fā)展的階段性特征思考,運用訪談法、比較法,輔之以繪畫法和觀察法,比較小學(xué)高年級和低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性性別角色界定、自身性別滿意程度、兩性性別角色外部特征及內(nèi)部特征理解的異同,探討小學(xué)低年級學(xué)生和高年級學(xué)生對性別角色理解是否存在相同之處和不同之處。通過研究得出以下結(jié)論：小學(xué)高年級學(xué)生和低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于性別角色的理解既有相同之處,又有相異之處。在相同性理解方面,高、低年級學(xué)生對兩性角色的界定涵蓋的維度相似,包括兩性生理特征、心理特征、活動方式、個人習(xí)慣等,且其理解具有對立性特征；其次,高、低年級學(xué)生大都對自身性別呈現(xiàn)滿意態(tài)度；最后,高、低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性生理特征、心理特征、社會性行為的具體理解呈現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)刻板的二元對立傾向。高年級和低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性性別角色的相異性理解主要體現(xiàn)在以下方面：首先,關(guān)于兩性角色界定方面,高年級學(xué)生較低年級學(xué)生更多關(guān)注兩性第二性征,對兩性外表以及心理等方面的界定較低年級學(xué)生更符合當(dāng)今社會現(xiàn)實、更靈活而深入；其次,小學(xué)低年級學(xué)生比高年級學(xué)生更滿意自己的性別身份,其中多數(shù)高年級女生出于女性角色人身安全等方面的考慮更喜歡成為男性,少數(shù)高年級男生更喜歡女性溫柔、和善等心理品質(zhì),喜歡女性賞心悅目的外表；再次,高年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性角色社會性行為中的兩性職業(yè)方面的理解更為開放,但是關(guān)于兩性角色的同伴交往方面較低年級學(xué)生更趨于保守；最后,關(guān)于兩性角色的內(nèi)部和外部特征理解方面,低年級學(xué)生比高年級學(xué)生更刻板、缺乏深刻性和靈活性,其觀點更具有刻板性�；谝陨辖Y(jié)論,本研究對小學(xué)高、低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性性別角色相同性理解和相異性理解的影響因素進(jìn)行了討論,指出影響高、低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性性別角色的相同性理解的因素主要包含生物性因素、社會性因素、主體性因素三個方面,而影響高、低年級學(xué)生關(guān)于兩性性別角色相異性理解的因素主要涉及社會性因素和主體性因素兩個方面。為促進(jìn)小學(xué)生健康人格的養(yǎng)成,性別平等意識的形成,本研究繼而對如何建構(gòu)家庭性別文化、性別平等的學(xué)校教育氛圍和健康和諧的大眾媒介氛圍提出了意見和建議,以期為小學(xué)生家長、教師和大眾傳媒對兒童進(jìn)行性別平等教育以及創(chuàng)設(shè)有利于兒童性別平等觀念發(fā)展的環(huán)境提供參考。
[Abstract]:The study on gender culture based on the macro, to examine the development trend of gender culture on stage at all times and in all countries, the micro characteristics of lack of sex education in school education and Reflection on the phenomenon of pupils' physical and mental development based on thinking, the use of interviews, comparative law, complemented by painting method and observation method, comparison of primary school students and high school low grade about gender roles defined, their gender satisfaction, understanding the similarities and differences of gender roles of external characteristics and internal characteristics, to explore the lower grades of primary school students and high school students' understanding of gender role whether there exist similarities and differences. The conclusions are as follows: there are similarities in higher grades of primary school students and lower grade students' understanding about gender roles, but also have differences. In the same understanding, high, low grade definition covers dimension of gender roles Similar, including sexual physiological characteristics, psychological characteristics, activities, personal habits, and the understanding has distinctive features; secondly, high, low grade students are satisfied with the attitude of showing their own gender; finally, high and low grade students on sexual physiological characteristics, psychological characteristics, two opposing tendencies specific understanding of social behavior the presentation of the traditional stereotypes. To understand the differences of students of high grade and low grade on gender role is mainly reflected in the following aspects: firstly, define the role of gender, high grade students of lower grade students to pay more attention to male secondary sexual characteristics, definition of sexual appearance and psychological aspects of low grade students more in line with today's the social reality, more flexible and in-depth; secondly, students in lower grades than students in primary school are more satisfied with their gender identity, most of high grade girls for female characters Safety considerations become more love men, a few high grade boys love women more gentle, and good psychological quality, love women pleasing appearance; thirdly, gender occupation high school students to understand the role of gender in social behavior is more open, but friends about gender roles low grade students tend to be more conservative; finally, the internal and external features of the understanding of gender roles, students in lower grades than students more rigid, lack of depth and flexibility, the view is more rigid. Based on the above conclusions, the study of primary school high, low grade students on gender roles affect the same understanding and differences of the understanding of the factors discussed, pointed out that the impact factors of high, low grade students on the same gender role understanding includes physical factors of students And social factors, three aspects of subjective factors, and the effects of high and low grade students on the factors of gender roles dissimilarity understanding mainly involves the social factors and the subjective factors in two aspects. To develop and promote pupils' healthy personality, gender equality consciousness form, and then the research on how to construct a family of sex culture, gender equality education atmosphere and healthy harmonious atmosphere of mass media and puts forward some suggestions, in order to parents, teachers and media on children's gender equality education and provide the reference for the creation of a concept of children's gender equality development environment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G625.5
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本文編號：1519381