【摘要】：該論文旨在探究哈他瑜伽對中青年女性身體成分和身體自尊的影響,力求從身心兩方面解釋哈他瑜伽的健身效應(yīng),為哈他瑜伽的普及和推廣提供實證依據(jù)。選取成都市瑪雅瑜伽教練培訓(xùn)學(xué)院的中青年女性會員零起點練習(xí)者66名為實驗對象,讓其參加每周4次,每次60min,為期12周的哈他瑜伽練習(xí),在實驗起始、實驗第六周、實驗結(jié)束時這三個時間節(jié)點上分別先用身體成分分析儀Vivente Silver進行身體成分測試、然后用徐霞等修訂的《身體自尊量表》進行身體自尊測試,最后使用SPSS軟件對測試的數(shù)據(jù)進行縱向?qū)Ρ确治�。研究結(jié)果表明:一、參與瑜伽練習(xí)的人群多為文化程度相對較高、收入較高的中青年白領(lǐng)女性。瑜伽習(xí)練習(xí)者的動機排在前三位的分別是:減壓、強身塑形、追求愛好。二、瑜伽練習(xí)對中青年女性身體自尊方面:經(jīng)過6周的瑜伽練習(xí)受試者在身體自我價值、身體吸引力這兩個維度上具有非常顯著性差異,而受試者在其他三個維度的指標(biāo)均未表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異(P0.05)。隨著練習(xí)時間的深入,經(jīng)過12周后被試者在身體自尊的各個維度的P值均具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05),其中身體吸引力、身體自我價值感、身體狀況這三個指標(biāo)具有非常顯著性差異(P0.01),運動能力、身體素質(zhì)鍛煉前后具有顯著性差異(0.01P0.05)。6周的瑜伽練習(xí)后參與者在主觀體力感覺上具有顯著性差異(0.01P0.05)。6周參與者與12周后參與者在主觀體力感覺上未表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異(P0.05)。三、瑜伽練習(xí)對中青年女性體成分方面:經(jīng)過為期12周的瑜伽訓(xùn)練對中青年女性體成分的體重、體脂肪、去脂體重、身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)、骨骼肌、腰臀比這六個指標(biāo)進行配對樣本T檢驗結(jié)果顯示:瑜伽訓(xùn)練前后(P0.05)身體成分各指標(biāo)未表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異。雖然練習(xí)者的體重、體脂肪量、BMI有下降的趨勢,骨骼肌含量有所增加,但幅度不明顯,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P0.05)。研究結(jié)論:整體上看,哈他瑜伽練習(xí)對中青年女性身體自尊的影響大于身體成分的影響,提示長時間的瑜伽練習(xí)作為培養(yǎng)中青年女性身體自尊發(fā)展、增加對自我身體的滿意感、提升心理健康水平的一種有效方法,同時也應(yīng)融入流行的元素和其它運動形式,以彌補傳統(tǒng)哈他瑜伽在習(xí)練強度上的缺陷。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of Hatha Yoga on body composition and self-esteem of young and middle-aged women, and to explain the fitness effect of Hatha Yoga from both physical and mental aspects, so as to provide empirical basis for the popularization and promotion of Hatha Yoga. 66 young and middle-aged female members of Chengdu Maya Yoga Coach training Institute were selected as subjects to take part in the 12-week Hatha yoga practice four times a week, each time for 60 min. at the beginning of the experiment, the sixth week of the experiment, the body composition analyzer Vivente Silver was used to test the body composition at the end of the experiment. Then the physical self-esteem scale revised by Xu Xia et al was used to test the physical self-esteem, and finally the data were compared and analyzed longitudinally by SPSS software. The results show that: first, most of the people who take part in yoga practice are middle-aged and young white-collar women with relatively high educational level and higher income. Yoga practitioners' motivation is in the top three: decompression, body shaping, and the pursuit of hobbies. Second, yoga practice on the body self-esteem of young and middle-aged women: after 6 weeks of yoga practice subjects in the physical self-value, physical attractiveness of the two dimensions have very significant differences, but the subjects in the other three dimensions of the indicators did not show significant differences (P 0.05). With the deepening of practice time, after 12 weeks, the P values of each dimension of physical self-esteem were statistically significant (P 0.05). Among them, there were significant differences in physical attraction, physical self-worth and physical condition (P01), exercise ability, physical attraction, physical self-worth, physical condition, physical fitness, physical fitness and physical fitness. There was significant difference before and after physical quality exercise (0.01P0.05). There was significant difference in subjective physical feeling between participants after 6 weeks of yoga exercise (0.01P0.05). There was no significant difference in subjective physical feeling between participants at 6 weeks and 12 weeks after yoga (P 0.05). 3. Yoga practice on the body composition of young and middle-aged women: after 12 weeks of yoga training, the body weight, body fat, fat-free weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle, waist-hip ratio of the six indexes of body composition of young and middle-aged women were tested by matched sample T test. The results showed that there was no significant difference in body composition before and after yoga training (P 0.05). Although the body weight, body fat content and BMI of the practitioners decreased, the skeletal muscle content increased, but the amplitude was not obvious, there was no statistical significance (P 0.05). Conclusion: on the whole, the influence of Hatha yoga practice on physical self-esteem of young and middle-aged women is greater than that of body composition. It is suggested that long-term yoga practice is an effective method to cultivate young and middle-aged women's physical self-esteem, increase their satisfaction with themselves and improve their mental health level. At the same time, it should also be integrated into popular elements and other forms of exercise to make up for the defects of traditional Hatha yoga in practice intensity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G831.3

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