中外優(yōu)秀女子跳馬運動員競技實力比較研究
[Abstract]:Women's gymnastics includes three forms of competition: single, all-around and group, in which all-around and group are two comprehensive competitions, including each event of women's gymnastics. The difficulty arrangement and completion score of each event play a key role in the competition. Horse vault has always been a weak event of women's gymnastics in our country. In the individual event of horse vault, the two-jump technique of Chinese female athletes has no outstanding advantages, and the difficulty score and completion quality in all-around and group competitions need to be made up by other events. Therefore, improving the development level of horse vault events is the focus of the development of women's gymnastics in our country. By using the research methods of literature, expert interview, video observation and mathematical statistics, this paper takes the athletes of four international events and the individual finals of the 12th National Games in the Rio Olympic cycle as the research objects, and takes the technical movements and achievements of the vault used by them in the events as the object of observation. Through the observation and statistics of the movement difficulty, completion score and action type of the event, this paper compares the changes of the rules of the 2013 edition and the 2017 edition and the development differences of the Chinese and foreign horse vault events, analyzes the position of the Chinese women's vault horse events in the world competition pattern, clearly puts forward the problems existing in the development of the Chinese women's vault horses, and puts forward some strategies for the development of the women's horse vault events in China in the future according to the new rules. It provides theoretical reference for the development of horse vault project. Through the study of the above problems, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the 2017 edition of the new rules generally reduces the difficulty score of horse vault, changes the calculation method of only one effective action, increases the clause of special deduction, adjusts the deduction score of individual movements, and urges Chinese and foreign female vault athletes to complete the technical movements with a high standard. 2, there are significant differences in the difficulty score and completion quality of Chinese and foreign elite female vault athletes. The movement types of foreign athletes are mainly in the second, fourth and fifth groups, while in our country, the second and third groups are the main movements. 3, the horse vault events show a world competitive pattern led by the United States, North Korea and Russia. The two-jump movements of Chinese female vault athletes are mainly concentrated in the two types of "forward hand flip" and "Tsuhara". These two types of movements can make up for the lack of lower extremity strength of athletes with the help of the forward horizontal speed. And there is a lot of room for development. Although the average difficulty of two jumps of Chinese female elite athletes has been improved, the completion quality still needs to be improved. 4, the explosive power of foreign elite athletes is strong and the take-off is high, while the explosive power of Chinese female jumpers is relatively weak, the running-up speed, pedal and horse pushing strength, and the height of the second take-off are all affected by it. Even if the posture of the second take-off is relatively good, the lower take-off height can not give enough space and time for technical movements, and the stability of landing fluctuates greatly. 5, optimizing the training mode of gymnastic reserve talents in our country, increasing the number of material selection, renewing the training concept, changing the training mode, increasing the training intensity, strengthening the synchronous development of the strength quality structure and the special quality structure are the problems that must be solved at the present stage.
【學位授予單位】:西安體育學院
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:G832.2
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