【摘要】：通過16周有氧健身操運動干預,對非體育專業(yè)女大學生在運動過程中的心肺耐力及呼吸機能隨運動強度、運動時間變化的關系,從中觀察有氧健身操鍛煉對非體育專業(yè)女大學生心肺耐力是否會產生一定的效果,為女大學生的鍛煉提供一個良好的方式。本文以山西師范大學現(xiàn)代文理學院的普通學生女性受試者為實驗對象,共50人。分為干預組與對照組,干預組25人,對照組25人。對干預組進行16周有氧健身操運動干預,一周進行3次,每次一個半小時,強度為中等強度(最大心率的60%-70%),對照組進行每周1次體育課,其余時間不參加任何體育運動。干預組分別進行了干預0周、干預8周、干預16周、干預結束后一個月其遞增負荷運動過程中氣體代謝的變化情況,從中分析16周有氧健身操運動干預對女大學生心肺耐力會不會產生影響。研究結果1.干預0周,安靜狀態(tài)下,兩組女生心率、血壓之間沒有顯著性差異。經過16周有氧健身操運動干預后,干預組女生心率、舒張壓、收縮壓與干預0周相比都有所降低,干預0周和干預16周后相比,收縮壓有顯著性差異(p0.05)。隨著干預周期的變化和運動負荷的遞增,在定量負荷運動中,干預組與對照組相比,干預8周與干預16周相比、干預16周與干預結束后一個月相比干預組舒張壓、運動時心率、VT、VE、VO2、R、VO2/kg、VE/VO2指標從整體上看都高于對照組。通過16周有氧健身操運動干預后,在定量負荷狀態(tài)下,干預組女生VT、運動時心率、R、最大攝氧量指標都有所下降,干預組女生心肺耐力水平得到了提高。隨著運動負荷的遞增,當負荷增加到100w和125w時,大多數女生都將到達力竭狀態(tài),無法繼續(xù)完成測試,從而導致部分心肺功能指標在100w和125w負荷下出現(xiàn)明顯的下降甚至為0。2.通過16周有氧健身操運動,干預組自身前后比較發(fā)現(xiàn),在定量負荷狀態(tài)下,隨著每級負荷持續(xù)時間的變化,干預組運動時心率、血壓與干預0周相比出現(xiàn)下降,且存在顯著性差異(p0.05),VT在50w、75w、100w負荷時干預0周與干預16周相比均有降低,且存在顯著性差異(p0.05),R在25w、50w、75w、100w均有降低,干預0周與干預16周相比存在顯著性差異(p0.05),VE在75w、100w負荷時干預0周與干預16周相比均有降低,且存在顯著性差異(p0.05)�？梢缘贸�,通過進行了16周有氧健身操運動干預后,在定量負荷狀態(tài)下,干預組心肺耐力水平得到了提高且氣體代謝能力也有所提高。3.通過對干預組進行16周有氧健身操時效性研究發(fā)現(xiàn):在安靜狀態(tài)下,干預組女生心率、血壓從干預0周到干預16周出現(xiàn)明顯的降低,且干預0周與干預16周和干預16周與干預結束后一個月相比有顯著性差異(p0.05);干預結束后一個月最大攝氧量、R指標與干預8周相比標均有降低且有非常顯著性差異(p0.01)。在定量負荷狀態(tài)下,干預8周與干預0周相比舒張壓、收縮壓有明顯下降且有非常顯著性差壓(p0.01);干預結束后一個月,運動時血壓、VT、在25w、50w、125w負荷下與干預16周相比有顯著性差異(p0.01)。干預16周結束時,運動時血壓、VT、VE與干預0周相比有顯著性差異(p0.05),隨著運動負荷的遞增,在125w負荷下,運動時心率、收縮壓、VT、VO2、RQ與干預8周、干預16周相比出現(xiàn)顯著性差異(p0.05)。研究結論1通過16周有氧健身操運動干預,在安靜狀態(tài)下,干預組心率、血壓與干預0周相比出現(xiàn)下降,堅持參加有氧健身操運動可以加強女大學生心肌收縮能力和氧氣的利用能力,在有氧運動過程中,使心率下降。2通過16周有氧健身操運動干預,在定量負荷狀態(tài)下,干預組VT、VE、RQ、VO2隨著運動負荷的遞增出現(xiàn)上升,與干預0周相比,出現(xiàn)顯著性降低。有氧健身操鍛煉使兩組女生呼吸深度更長,呼吸肌的收縮力度增大了,使肺泡可以吸入和呼出更多的氣體,從而使肺活量增大,提高女大學生的有氧代謝能力。3通過16周有氧健身操運動,干預0周與干預8周、干預16周和干預結束后一個月對比的相關數據顯示,有氧健身操運動可對女大學生心肺能力產生良好的作用,提高了女大學生的最大攝氧量和血液中的氧的含量,從而提高了肺通氣的能力。4有氧健身操運動貼近了女大學生的興趣和自身的喜好,通過長時間的室外練習,可以使身體吸收更多的氧份,改善機體與外界物質環(huán)境互換的能力,減少身體內脂肪的積淀,并提高了女大學生的身體素質。
[Abstract]:Through the 16-week aerobic exercise intervention, the relationship between the cardiopulmonary endurance and the respiratory function of the non-sports female college students in the course of exercise with the movement intensity and the movement time, It is a good way to observe whether the cardio-pulmonary endurance of the non-sports professional female college students can have a certain effect and provide a good way for the female college students to exercise. In this paper, a total of 50 female subjects of the general students of Shanxi Normal University are the subjects of the experiment. The control group was divided into the intervention group, the control group, the intervention group 25 and the control group 25. The intervention group was subjected to 16-week aerobic exercise intervention, three times a week, one and a half hours, and the intensity was medium intensity (60% to 70% of the maximum heart rate), and the control group was given a physical education class once a week and the rest of the time did not participate in any sports. In the intervention group, the changes of the gas metabolism in the course of increasing the load after the intervention for 0 weeks, the intervention of 8 weeks and the intervention for 16 weeks, and the change of the gas metabolism during the one month after the end of the intervention, were analyzed, and the effects of the 16-week aerobic exercise intervention on the heart and lung endurance of the female college students were analyzed. Study Results 1. There was no significant difference between the heart rate and blood pressure of the two groups during the 0-week and quiet state. After 16-week aerobic exercise, the heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure in the intervention group were lower than those in the 0-week intervention group, and there was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure (p0.05) after the intervention for 0 weeks and after 16 weeks of intervention. As the change of the intervention period and the increase of the exercise load, the intervention group, as compared with the control group, interfered with the diastolic blood pressure and the heart rate, VT, VE, VO2, R, VO2/ kg at the time of the intervention, as compared with the control group, compared with the control group in the quantitative load exercise. The VE/ VO2 index was higher in the whole than in the control group. After 16-week aerobic exercise, the rate of heart rate, R, and maximum oxygen uptake in the intervention group decreased, and the level of heart and lung endurance in the intervention group was improved. With the increase of the exercise load, when the load is increased to 100 w and 125 w, most of the girls will reach the exhausted state and the test cannot be continued, resulting in a significant drop of even 0.2 for some of the cardiopulmonary function indicators at 100 w and 125 w loads. Through the 16-week aerobic exercise, the intervention group showed that with the change of the load duration of each stage, the heart rate and blood pressure in the intervention group decreased with the change of the load duration of each stage, and there was a significant difference (p0.05), VT was 50w, 75w, There was a significant difference (p0.05), R at 25w, 50w, 75w, and 100w, and there was a significant difference (p0.05) and VE at 75w. There was a significant difference (p0.05) between 0 and 16 weeks after the 100 w load. It can be concluded that after 16-week aerobic exercise intervention, the level of cardio-pulmonary endurance of the intervention group is improved and the gas metabolism ability is improved under the condition of quantitative load. The study of time-effectiveness of 16-week aerobic exercise in the intervention group found that in the quiet state, the heart rate and blood pressure of the intervention group were significantly reduced from the intervention of 0 to 16 weeks. And there was a significant difference (p0.05) in one month after the end of the intervention, and there was a significant difference in the R-index and the 8-week intervention (p0.01). In the condition of quantitative load, the diastolic blood pressure and systolic pressure were significantly reduced in 8 weeks and 0 weeks after the intervention (p0.01). The blood pressure and VT at the time of the intervention were significantly different from those of the intervention for 16 weeks after the end of the intervention (p0.01). At the end of the 16-week intervention, there was a significant difference in blood pressure, VT and VE at the time of exercise (p0.05). With the increase of the exercise load, the heart rate, systolic blood pressure, VT, VO2, RQ were significantly different than those of the intervention for 8 weeks (p0.05). The results of the study showed that the heart rate and blood pressure of the intervention group decreased in a quiet state by 16-week aerobic exercise, and in the aerobic exercise, the heart rate and blood pressure of the intervention group decreased, and the aerobic exercise could enhance the ability of the female students to use the myocardial contractility and oxygen, and during the aerobic exercise, After 16-week aerobic exercise, the VT, VE, RQ, VO2 in the intervention group increased with the increase of the exercise load, and a significant decrease was observed in comparison with the 0-week intervention. In that aerobic exercise exercise, the breathing depth of the two groups of female students is longer, and the contraction force of the respiratory muscle is increased, so that the alveoli can inhale and exhale more gas, so that the vital capacity is increased, and the aerobic metabolism capacity of the female college students is improved. After the intervention of 0 weeks and the intervention for 8 weeks, the related data compared with one month after the intervention of 16 weeks and the end of the intervention show that the aerobic body-building exercise can have a good effect on the heart and lung capacity of the female college students, and the maximum oxygen uptake of the female college students and the oxygen content in the blood can be improved, so that the ability of the lung ventilation is improved, the aerobic exercise exercise is close to the interest of the female college students and the preference of the female students, the body can be absorbed more oxygen by the long-time outdoor exercise, the ability of the body to exchange with the external substances environment can be improved, the accumulation of the fat in the body can be reduced, And the physical quality of the female college students is improved.
【學位授予單位】：山西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G831.3

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