【摘要】：競技健美操是隸屬于國際體操聯(lián)合會的正式比賽項目之一,在國內(nèi)則歸屬國家體育總局體操運(yùn)動管理中心、中國健美操協(xié)會管轄。該項目自1997年在體操中心正式立項,并與1999年正式與國際接軌,啟用國際體聯(lián)競技健美操評分規(guī)則。中國健美操隊參加了1995年舉辦的第一屆世界健美操錦標(biāo)賽,在2005年奪得首個世界冠軍—世界運(yùn)動會集體操冠軍,并在此后的世界大賽中屢創(chuàng)輝煌,集體操項目更是在2006-2013年期間的所有大賽中從未失手,包攬冠軍。但在2014年世錦賽中,中國隊僅奪得有氧踏板一個項目冠軍,這是自2005年以來中國隊首次在國際大賽中無緣競技項目冠軍。痛定思痛,中國健美操界開始思考其原因。論文運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、錄像分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)法計、專家訪談法等研究方法,對2014年健美操世錦賽集體操前八名運(yùn)動隊成套動作藝術(shù)編排進(jìn)行分析,研究得出：1.藝術(shù)價值對成套動作的影響尤為重要,某種程度已超過難度分、完成分；2.健美操音樂的選用要適應(yīng)國際流行音樂的發(fā)展,可由多首音樂巧妙剪輯而成,動作風(fēng)格要與音樂幾個風(fēng)格相吻合。3.操舞結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)動作編排多樣性、復(fù)雜性,各種基本步伐均衡使用。4.托舉動作水平參差不齊,個別國家在上法、動作類型等技術(shù)上具有優(yōu)勢,但普遍在下法的設(shè)計上還需加強(qiáng)；5.中國隊表演性配合動作落后于羅、法；羅、法、意隊表演性配合動作大大多于動力性配合動作,且與音樂風(fēng)格、動作主題相當(dāng)契合；6.中國隊過渡與連接動作、技巧動作的設(shè)計不夠巧妙,表現(xiàn)在整體性、銜接性、流暢性,與羅馬尼亞隊相比還存在較大差距；7.中國隊成套動作流暢性最差,尤其體現(xiàn)在C、D組難度動作上停頓和預(yù)備過程中)8.羅馬尼亞隊操化動作移動路線多樣性最差；所有隊伍操化動作移動路線均衡性不足；中國隊在場地外側(cè)區(qū)域的使用最多,韓國、俄羅斯平面空間區(qū)域的使用均衡性最差；9.八支隊伍不同種類隊形的使用不夠均衡,隊形重復(fù)使用次數(shù)多,隊形的變化有所欠缺；10.三維層次空間的利用均衡性較差,站立動作太多,又體現(xiàn)在操化動作上。
[Abstract]:Competitive aerobics is one of the official events belonging to the International Gymnastics Federation. In China, it belongs to the Gymnastics Management Center of the State Administration of Sports and the Chinese Aerobics Association. The project was formally established in the gymnastics center in 1997 and formally in line with international standards in 1999. The scoring rules of the International Sports Federation competitive aerobics were used. The Chinese aerobics team participated in the first World Aerobics Championships held in 1995, won the first world championship in 2005, and won the gymnastics championship in the World Games. Gymnastics events in 2006-2013 in all the competitions have never missed, winning the championship. But in the 2014 World Championships, the Chinese team won only one aerobic pedal championship, the first time since 2005 that the Chinese team has failed to win a competitive event in an international competition. Learning from pain, the Chinese aerobics industry began to think about the reasons. By using the methods of literature, video analysis, mathematical unification, expert interview and so on, this paper analyzes the artistic arrangement of the top eight sports teams in the 2014 Aerobics World Championship. The results are as follows: 1. The influence of artistic value on the complete set of movements is particularly important, to a certain extent, it has exceeded the difficulty score and completed the score; 2. The selection of aerobics music should adapt to the development of international pop music, which can be skillfully edited by many pieces of music, and the action style should be consistent with several styles of music. The combination of exercise and dance can realize the diversity and complexity of movement arrangement, and the balanced use of all kinds of basic steps. 4. The level of lifting action is uneven, and individual countries have advantages in technology such as upper law, action type and so on, but generally need to be strengthened in the design of the lower method; 5. The performance coordination of the Chinese team lags behind that of Luo, France, and the Italian team is much more than the dynamic coordination, and is quite in line with the music style and the theme of the movement; 6. The design of transition and connection action and skill action of Chinese team is not clever enough, which is manifested in integrity, cohesion and fluency, and there is still a big gap compared with Rome team. 7. The fluency of the complete set of movements of the Chinese team is the worst, especially in C, group D, when the difficult movements are paused and prepared. The diversity of the mobile route of the Romanian team is the worst; the balance of the mobile route of all the teams is insufficient; the Chinese team has the most use in the outer area of the venue, and the plane space area of South Korea and Russia has the worst balance; 9. The use of different kinds of formation of eight teams is not balanced enough, the number of repeated use of formation is more, and the change of formation is deficient. The utilization balance of three-dimensional hierarchical space is poor, and there are too many standing movements, which are also reflected in the manipulation action.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G831.3

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