【摘要】：近年來,健身健美運動已經(jīng)成為大學(xué)生喜愛的體育運動。在高校開展健身健美運動十分必要。然而,各大高校發(fā)展尚不平衡,如何滿足北京市高校大學(xué)生對健身健美的需求,怎樣使大學(xué)生積極有效的參與到健身健美運動中,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)北京市高校健身健美運動多樣化發(fā)展,是值得關(guān)注且有必要深入研究的課題。本文選擇北京市7所高校,深入調(diào)查高校健身健美運動的開展現(xiàn)狀；大學(xué)生對健身健美運動的參與、動機(jī)和認(rèn)知情況；以及高校健身健美教師、課程和場館等方面的情況,并且分析影響大學(xué)生參加健身健美運動的因素以及制約北京市高校健身健美運動開展的主要因素。本文運用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、專家訪談法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法、實地考察法,以北京市各大高校學(xué)生為研究對象,根據(jù)大量問卷的發(fā)放及回收,整理內(nèi)容后,得出以下結(jié)論：1.北京市高校大學(xué)生對健身健美運動的感興趣程度較高占42.89%,但是大部分學(xué)生參加健身健美運動沒有規(guī)律占到47.79%。北京市高校大學(xué)生參加健身健美運動的主要動機(jī)男生是增肌占61%,女生是減脂占50%。男女生對健身健美形體認(rèn)知標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上也存在一定差異。2.健身健美課程在北京市高校得到廣泛普及,基本都以必修課或者選修課的形式開設(shè)了此課,但是除了幾所體育院校,其他所有學(xué)校開設(shè)的健身健美課程的教學(xué)目標(biāo)較低,內(nèi)容簡單,課時較少。另外,學(xué)校對健身健美課程的重視程度也不夠。3.北京市高校缺乏專業(yè)的健身健美教師進(jìn)行教學(xué),尤其是在非體育院校中基本沒有專業(yè)的健身健美老師,幾乎都是其他專項的老師為學(xué)生授課。并且,教師男女比例極不平衡,男性教師占到84.62%,而女性教師僅占15.38%。4.北京市體育院校以及其他部分綜合院校都有自己的健身房,并且裝備相對齊全、場地設(shè)施較先進(jìn)。但是部分民辦非體育類的普通高等院校健身健美設(shè)施配備不足、資源相對缺乏,場地面積小,不能夠完全滿足學(xué)生們鍛煉的需求。5.北京市每年都舉辦一次規(guī)模較大的健身健美比賽,參賽人數(shù)也在逐漸增加,但是比賽組織還有待完善,各種規(guī)模的比賽仍不夠多。
[Abstract]:In recent years, fitness and bodybuilding has become a favorite sport for college students. It is very necessary to carry out fitness and bodybuilding in colleges and universities. However, the development of the major universities is not yet balanced, how to meet the needs of college students in Beijing for fitness and bodybuilding, how to make college students actively and effectively participate in the exercise of fitness and bodybuilding, In order to promote the diversified development of fitness and bodybuilding in colleges and universities in Beijing, it is worth paying attention to and it is necessary to study deeply. In this paper, 7 colleges and universities in Beijing are selected to investigate the current situation of fitness and bodybuilding in colleges and universities, and the participation, motivation and cognition of college students in fitness and bodybuilding. As well as college fitness teachers, courses and stadiums, and other aspects of the situation, and analyzes the factors that affect college students' participation in fitness and bodybuilding and the main factors restricting the development of fitness and bodybuilding in colleges and universities in Beijing. By using the methods of literature, questionnaire, expert interview, mathematical statistics and field research, this paper takes the students of various colleges and universities in Beijing as the object of study, according to the distribution and recovery of a large number of questionnaires, and after sorting out the contents, Draw the following conclusions: 1. College students in Beijing are interested in fitness and bodybuilding, 42.89% of them are interested in it, but most of them are not regular enough to take part in fitness and bodybuilding, which accounts for 47.79% of the students' interest in fitness and bodybuilding. The main motivation for college students to participate in fitness and bodybuilding in Beijing is 61% of male students and 50% of female students. There are also some differences in the cognitive standards of fitness and bodybuilding between male and female students. 2. The course of fitness and bodybuilding has been widely popularized in colleges and universities in Beijing, and it has basically been offered in the form of compulsory courses or elective courses. However, except for several physical education colleges, the teaching objectives of the fitness and bodybuilding courses offered by all other schools are relatively low. The content is simple, the class time is less. In addition, the school does not pay enough attention to the course of fitness and bodybuilding. 3. Beijing colleges and universities lack professional fitness teachers to carry out teaching, especially in non-physical education colleges and universities there are basically no professional fitness teachers, almost all other special teachers to teach for students. Moreover, the ratio of male to female teachers is extremely uneven, with 84.62% of male teachers and 15.38% of female teachers. Sports colleges and other colleges and universities in Beijing have their own gymnasium, and the equipment is relatively well-equipped, venues and facilities are more advanced. However, some private non-sports colleges and universities are not equipped with adequate fitness facilities, relatively lack of resources, small space, can not fully meet the needs of students to exercise. 5. Beijing holds a large-scale body-building competition every year, and the number of participants is gradually increasing, but the organization of the competition has yet to be improved, and there are still not enough matches on various scales.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G883

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