【摘要】：隨著籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)的快速發(fā)展,籃球賽事的增多,籃球比賽對(duì)裁判員的人數(shù)以及裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁水平的要求也不斷提高。裁判員作為籃球比賽的執(zhí)法者,不但關(guān)系到籃球比賽能否順利進(jìn)行、球隊(duì)的技、戰(zhàn)術(shù)水平的發(fā)揮,而且對(duì)我國籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展也有著很大的促進(jìn)作用。本研究通過對(duì)專家的訪談和對(duì)其他文獻(xiàn)的借鑒,選出影響大學(xué)生籃球裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁的各個(gè)因素,然后由執(zhí)裁經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的籃球教研室老師、國家級(jí)裁判員以及大學(xué)生裁判員對(duì)初選的影響因素運(yùn)用Likert5級(jí)打分,確定了7個(gè)維度,后又通過從現(xiàn)有的影響籃球裁判員的臨場執(zhí)裁因素的問卷調(diào)查中借鑒和對(duì)大學(xué)生裁判員用社會(huì)心理學(xué)的10項(xiàng)陳述測驗(yàn),收集問卷題目,并按照重要程度由大到小依次排列,去掉頻率低于15%的題目,形成了30個(gè)題目的初測問卷。隨后請(qǐng)7位籃球教研室老師對(duì)上述題目進(jìn)行邏輯效度評(píng)定,對(duì)題目進(jìn)行修改與刪除,最終形成含有26個(gè)題目的大學(xué)生籃球裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁影響因素正式問卷。以西安體育學(xué)院、陜西師范大學(xué)、西北工業(yè)大學(xué)、鄭州大學(xué)體育學(xué)院、河南理工大學(xué)、河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)6所大學(xué)的219名籃球裁判員為測試對(duì)象,采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),通過對(duì)一級(jí)裁判員與二級(jí)裁判員的因素得分對(duì)比,以及其裁判員實(shí)踐考試成績與影響因素的相關(guān)與回歸分析,得出以下結(jié)論:1.影響大學(xué)生裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁的內(nèi)部因素包括:身體因素、經(jīng)驗(yàn)因素、心理因素、業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)。外部因素包括:球場環(huán)境因素、球場人為因素、其他因素。2.制作問卷并對(duì)各題目進(jìn)行了一系列的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)驗(yàn)證,使調(diào)查問卷有較好的信度和效度。問卷運(yùn)用Likert5級(jí)打分,對(duì)比分析每個(gè)影響維度的得分平均數(shù),從大到小的排列順序?yàn)榻?jīng)驗(yàn)因素、業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)、身體因素、心理因素、球場人為因素、球場環(huán)境因素、其他因素。3.采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),對(duì)比大學(xué)生一級(jí)和二級(jí)裁判員影響因素的差異性進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明大學(xué)生一級(jí)和二級(jí)裁判員以經(jīng)驗(yàn)因素、心理因素和球場人為因素上結(jié)果差異呈顯著性,在業(yè)務(wù)因子上,一級(jí)和二級(jí)之間是非常顯著性差異。4.以大學(xué)生裁判員臨場實(shí)踐考試成績?yōu)橐蜃兞?以自編的影響大學(xué)生籃球裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁的7個(gè)維度為自變量進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析和回歸分析,結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)驗(yàn)因素、心理因素和業(yè)務(wù)素質(zhì)的回歸系數(shù)呈顯著性,說明這三個(gè)因素是影響大學(xué)生籃球裁判員臨場執(zhí)裁的最主要因素。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of basketball and the increase of basketball matches, the number of referees and the requirements of referees'on-the-spot referees are constantly improved. As the law enforcer of basketball match, the referee not only relates to the smooth progress of basketball match, but also plays a very important role in promoting the development of basketball in our country as well as the skill and tactics level of the team. In this study, through interviews with experts and reference to other documents, the factors that influence college basketball referees'on-the-spot referees are selected, and then the experienced basketball teaching and research department teachers are appointed. National referees and college referees use Likert5 grade to evaluate the influencing factors of primary election and determine seven dimensions. After that, through the questionnaire survey of the factors influencing basketball referees'on-the-spot adjudication, and using the 10 statement tests of social psychology for college students' referees, the questionnaires were collected and arranged according to the order of importance from big to small. Remove the frequency of less than 15% of the questions, formed 30 questions of the preliminary questionnaire. Then 7 basketball teaching and research teachers were asked to evaluate the logical validity of the above-mentioned questions and revise and delete the questions so as to form a formal questionnaire of the influence factors of the basketball referees'on-the-spot adjudication with 26 questions at the end of the paper. 219 basketball referees from six universities of Xi'an Institute of physical Education, Shaanxi normal University, Northwestern Polytechnic University, Zhengzhou University of physical Education, Henan University of Technology and Henan Agricultural University were tested by independent sample t test. Based on the comparison of the factor scores between the first-class referee and the second-tier referee, and the correlation and regression analysis between the practical examination results and the influencing factors of the referees, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The internal factors influencing on-the-spot referees include physical factors, experience factors, psychological factors and professional qualities. External factors include environmental factors, artificial factors and other factors. The questionnaire was made and a series of statistical tests were carried out to make the questionnaire have a good reliability and validity. The average scores of each influencing dimension were compared and analyzed by using Likert5 grade. The order from large to small was empirical factors, professional qualities, physical factors, psychological factors, artificial factors, environmental factors and other factors. The independent sample t-test was used to analyze the difference of the influencing factors between the first-class and second-level referees. The results showed that the first-and second-level referees were empirical factors. There was a significant difference between psychological factors and human factors. In terms of business factors, there was a very significant difference between the first and second levels. 4. On the basis of the results of the on-the-spot practical examination of college students' referees as dependent variables, the correlation analysis and regression analysis are carried out with the seven dimensions of self-made influence on the on-the-spot adjudication of college basketball referees as independent variables. The results show that the empirical factors are the main factors. The regression coefficients of psychological factors and professional qualities are significant, indicating that these three factors are the most important factors that affect the on-the-spot adjudication of college basketball referees.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G841

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