【摘要】：本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、錄像觀察法、比較分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、邏輯分析等研究方法,以代表中外青少年最高水平的2014年南京青年奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)和2015年第一屆全國(guó)青年運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)競(jìng)技體操比賽中自由體操?zèng)Q賽前8名運(yùn)動(dòng)員的成套動(dòng)作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)與國(guó)外優(yōu)秀青少年女子自由體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員在成套編排中的單個(gè)難度、連接技術(shù)及難度整體水平進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)2013版女子競(jìng)技體操評(píng)分規(guī)則自由體操成套動(dòng)作最高難度數(shù)量由10個(gè)降為8個(gè),單個(gè)難度整體升值,新增了部分難度;技巧的直接和間接連接難度整體均有所降低,提高了混合連接的難度,增加了單腿轉(zhuǎn)體連接的類型;除下法外,提高了其余4條編排的要求;對(duì)舞蹈動(dòng)作的規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更加細(xì)化。(2)中外優(yōu)秀青少年女子自由體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員成套動(dòng)作編排特點(diǎn):我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員成套動(dòng)作的開(kāi)場(chǎng)動(dòng)作以技巧開(kāi)場(chǎng)為主,國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員以舞蹈開(kāi)場(chǎng)為主;國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員中間技巧與舞蹈編排形式的選擇比較多樣,而我國(guó)主要以技巧銜接舞蹈再銜接技巧的編排形式為主。(3)關(guān)于中外優(yōu)秀青少年女子自由體操運(yùn)動(dòng)員成套動(dòng)作的難度對(duì)比,1)單技巧動(dòng)作方面:中外運(yùn)動(dòng)員在開(kāi)始串技巧難度動(dòng)作的選用上實(shí)力相當(dāng);在中間串技巧和結(jié)束串技巧難度動(dòng)作的選用上國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員要低于國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員;在轉(zhuǎn)體動(dòng)作難度的選用方面國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員明顯高于國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員;在跳步動(dòng)作難度的選用方面國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員要低于國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員。2)連接技術(shù)對(duì)比方面:國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員在技巧串難度連接的選用上略高于國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員;在舞蹈中的跳步連接上,國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員主要是以“B+C”的連接為主,國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員主要是以“C+C”的連接為主;在轉(zhuǎn)體連接上,中外運(yùn)動(dòng)員均沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)有連接價(jià)值的轉(zhuǎn)體連接。3)8個(gè)最高難度整體水平國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員高于國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員,其中,國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員技巧難度高于國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員;國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)員舞蹈難度高于國(guó)外運(yùn)動(dòng)員。由此對(duì)我國(guó)青少年女子自由體操優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員提出以下建議:(1)在自由體操舞蹈的編排上針對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的個(gè)人情況發(fā)展DD或者不上步BB轉(zhuǎn)體連接以提高得分;(2)對(duì)難度分的把握應(yīng)充分利用新規(guī)則,提高成套動(dòng)作的難度分,并在中間和結(jié)束串技巧上提高單個(gè)動(dòng)作技巧難度價(jià)值并使用更多連接,以期獲得的連接加分,彌補(bǔ)自己的不足。(3)提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員的專項(xiàng)體能,避免不必要的低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤,保證成套動(dòng)作的零失誤。
[Abstract]:This paper adopts the methods of literature, video observation, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, logic analysis, etc. Taking the top 8 athletes in the floor gymnastics final of the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games and the first National Youth Games in 2015, representing the highest level of young people in China and foreign countries, as research objects, This paper makes a comparative study on the single difficulty, connecting technique and the whole level of difficulty in the arrangement of domestic and foreign outstanding adolescent female floor gymnasts. The results show that: (1) the 2013 edition of the women's gymnastics scoring rules floor gymnastics sets of the highest difficulty from 10 to 8, the overall appreciation of a single difficulty, added part of the difficulty; The difficulty of direct and indirect connection has been reduced, the difficulty of mixed connection has been increased, the type of single leg rotary connection has been increased, and the requirements of the other four arrangement have been raised. The standard of dance movements is more detailed. (2) the characteristics of Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts' complete sets of movements choreography: the opening movements of Chinese athletes' complete sets of movements are mainly the opening movements of skills. Foreign athletes to dance the opening; The choice of skills and choreography forms among foreign athletes is quite diverse. In our country, it is mainly about the choreography of the skills of connecting dance and rejoining. (3) the comparison of the difficulty of the Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts in complete sets of movements, 1) single skill movement: Chinese and foreign athletes have the same strength in the selection of difficulty movements in starting string skills; In the selection of intermediate string skill and end string skill difficulty action, domestic athletes are lower than foreign athletes, and domestic athletes are obviously higher than foreign athletes in the selection of the difficulty of turning movement. In the choice of the difficulty of jumping, the domestic athletes are lower than the foreign athletes. 2) the comparison of the connection technology: foreign athletes in the choice of skill string difficulty connection slightly higher than the domestic athletes; In dance jump connection, foreign athletes are mainly connected by "B C", while domestic athletes are mainly connected by "C C". In the rotation connection, Chinese and foreign athletes do not have the value of the link. 3) the overall level of 8 highest difficulty domestic athletes are higher than foreign athletes, among them, foreign athletes are more difficult than domestic athletes; The dance difficulty of domestic athletes is higher than that of foreign athletes. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward to the outstanding female floor gymnasts of our country: (1) the arrangement of floor gymnastics dance develops DD or does not step up the BB to improve the score according to the individual situation of the athletes; (2) grasping the difficulty score should make full use of the new rules, increase the difficulty score of the complete set of movements, and increase the difficulty value and use of more connections in the middle and end of the series skills, with a view to obtaining additional points for the connection, (3) improve athletes' special physical ability, avoid unnecessary low-level mistakes, and ensure zero errors in complete sets of movements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G832.1

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