【摘要】：雪上技巧作為冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽項(xiàng)目之一,引入我國較晚,目前對(duì)雪上技巧的中文專著和學(xué)術(shù)研究較少,缺乏對(duì)該項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)的研究,需要對(duì)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行較為系統(tǒng)的研究。本研究運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、實(shí)地研究法、類比法等,結(jié)合運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)解剖學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)等多學(xué)科知識(shí),對(duì)雪上技巧這項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,探尋如何理解雪上技巧的技能,以體能訓(xùn)練視角,綜合分析與理解雪上技巧項(xiàng)目的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)動(dòng)作原理、專項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)、比賽特點(diǎn)等與體能訓(xùn)練結(jié)合,基于備戰(zhàn)索契冬奧會(huì)的2013年年度體能訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐調(diào)查,總結(jié)出雪上技巧體能訓(xùn)練中各運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),分析體能訓(xùn)練各運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容安排特點(diǎn),結(jié)合我國雪上技巧體能訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐和國外相關(guān)科研成果,分析雪上技巧專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系,為下一周期雪上技巧項(xiàng)目的高水平訓(xùn)練體能訓(xùn)練提供參考,主要包括:(1)雪上技巧專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系中首次將雪上技巧這一奧運(yùn)會(huì)項(xiàng)目從運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練學(xué)角度進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,充分認(rèn)識(shí)雪上技巧專項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)、專項(xiàng)技術(shù)等,整個(gè)專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系分析,緊密結(jié)合雪上技巧進(jìn)行有效性和合理性分析,為雪上技巧體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)與訓(xùn)練手段實(shí)施提供一定理論參考。(2)雪上技巧專項(xiàng)體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系中總結(jié)了與雪上技巧項(xiàng)目密切相關(guān)的運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì),并運(yùn)用技能控制理論詳細(xì)闡述雪上技巧項(xiàng)目與各運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)的關(guān)系,體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容與專項(xiàng)技術(shù)的結(jié)合,注重理論分析與實(shí)踐提煉。(3)雪上技巧項(xiàng)目的體能訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容形成了具有雪上技巧本項(xiàng)目特點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系,整個(gè)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系是各運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)為基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容,各運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)相互交叉、多種能力共同提高的綜合訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容體系,并對(duì)備戰(zhàn)索契冬奧會(huì)期間教練員的各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷量與強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行總結(jié),為雪上技巧體能訓(xùn)練實(shí)踐提供參考。
[Abstract]:As one of the events of Winter Olympic Games, snow skill is introduced into our country later. At present, there are few Chinese monographs and academic researches on snow skills, so it is necessary to do more systematic research on this project because of the lack of systematic research on the project. In this study, using literature, expert interviews, field research, analogy, and other multidisciplinary knowledge of sports training, sports anatomy, sports biomechanics, etc., a systematic analysis of snow skills as a sport is carried out. To explore how to understand the skills of snow skills, to comprehensively analyze and understand the key technical action principles, special features, competition characteristics and physical fitness training of snow skills projects from the perspective of physical training. Based on the investigation of the physical training practice in 2013 in preparation for the Sochi Olympic Games, this paper summarizes the structural characteristics of each sport quality in the training of snow-surfacing skills, and analyzes the characteristics of the contents and arrangements of the physical fitness training. Based on the training practice of snow skills in China and related scientific research achievements abroad, this paper analyzes the content system of special physical fitness training of snow skills, which provides a reference for the training of high level physical ability of snow skills projects in the next cycle. The main contents are as follows: (1) for the first time, in the content system of snow skill training, the Olympic event of snow technique is systematically analyzed from the angle of sports training, and the special characteristics and special technology of snow skill are fully understood. The analysis of the content system of the whole special physical fitness training is closely combined with the analysis of the validity and reasonableness of the snow skills. It provides a certain theoretical reference for the content design and implementation of the training methods of snow skill physical fitness training. (2) the sports quality closely related to the snow skill item is summarized in the content system of the snow skill specific physical fitness training. Using the theory of skill control, the paper elaborates the relationship between snowy skill items and sports quality, the combination of physical training contents and special techniques. Attention is paid to theoretical analysis and practical refining. (3) the physical training content of snow skill project forms a training content system with the characteristics of snow skill project, and the whole training content system is the basic training content of each sport quality. The comprehensive training content system in which various sports qualities are intersected and various abilities are improved together, and the training load and intensity of coaches during the preparation for the Sochi Winter Olympic Games are summarized. To provide a reference for the training of snow skills physical fitness practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G863.1

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