功能性訓(xùn)練在跨欄跑教學(xué)中的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-12-17 04:10
【摘要】:跨欄跑不僅是田徑比賽中重要的競技運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,同時(shí)也是體育教學(xué)與訓(xùn)練中不可或缺的教學(xué)內(nèi)容。近些年來,隨著劉翔、史冬鵬等一批我國優(yōu)秀跨欄跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員的不斷崛起,跨欄跑項(xiàng)目越來越受到學(xué)校體育的重視和學(xué)生的喜愛。隨著體育科學(xué)的蓬勃發(fā)展,大量先進(jìn)的教育教學(xué)理念、力量訓(xùn)練方法和手段被不斷引入跨欄跑教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,這對提高跨欄跑教學(xué)質(zhì)量起到了重要的促進(jìn)作用。近十余年來,以美國為代表的國際高水平職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì),廣泛采用了身體功能性訓(xùn)練(下文簡稱“功能性訓(xùn)練”)的方法。功能性訓(xùn)練在訓(xùn)練效率提高、競技能力提升運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷預(yù)防及運(yùn)動(dòng)壽命延長等方面均取得了良好成效,它也成為當(dāng)前世界運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練領(lǐng)域理論和實(shí)踐的熱點(diǎn)。因此,本研究將功能性訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用到跨欄跑教學(xué)中,并通過功能性訓(xùn)練,加強(qiáng)學(xué)生的協(xié)調(diào)性、平衡性和穩(wěn)定性等基礎(chǔ)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力,糾正和優(yōu)化身體基本姿勢,從而預(yù)防運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷。并對功能性訓(xùn)練與跨欄跑的關(guān)系進(jìn)行分析研究,旨在找出提高學(xué)生跨欄跑成績的訓(xùn)練方法和教學(xué)內(nèi)容,在以后的跨欄教學(xué)活動(dòng)中能夠得到應(yīng)用與推廣。本研究以廣州體育體育學(xué)院體育教育專業(yè)2016級兩個(gè)男生班為實(shí)驗(yàn)對象(其中實(shí)驗(yàn)班22人,對照班23人),采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、邏輯分析法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法。對照組則采用常規(guī)跨欄教學(xué),實(shí)驗(yàn)班在常規(guī)跨欄教學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上添加功能性訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)行1個(gè)月(16學(xué)時(shí))的教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。對實(shí)驗(yàn)班和對照班學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)后110米欄的成績(達(dá)標(biāo)與技評)和功能性動(dòng)作篩查成績進(jìn)行分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明:1、通過1個(gè)月的教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)班學(xué)生有4項(xiàng)功能性動(dòng)作篩查測試具有非常顯著性差異(P0.00),對照班學(xué)生只有直膝抬腿實(shí)驗(yàn)前后具有顯著性差異(P0.00)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,實(shí)驗(yàn)班發(fā)生運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的人數(shù)為2名,對照班為8名,說明功能性訓(xùn)練可以提升學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力,有效預(yù)防運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷。2、對實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組的110米欄技評和達(dá)標(biāo)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)后兩組的技評與達(dá)標(biāo)均表現(xiàn)出非常顯著性差異(P0.00),實(shí)驗(yàn)組成績優(yōu)于對照組,說明功能性訓(xùn)練對提高100米欄達(dá)標(biāo)與技評教學(xué)效果具有良好促進(jìn)作用。由此得出以下結(jié)論:1.兩個(gè)班學(xué)生通過四周的跨欄跑教學(xué),學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)運(yùn)動(dòng)能力都有提升,功能性動(dòng)作篩查各項(xiàng)動(dòng)作分?jǐn)?shù)均有不同程度的提高。但是實(shí)驗(yàn)班的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)提高幅度均大于對照班。說明功能性訓(xùn)練能有效提高學(xué)生身體的協(xié)調(diào)性、平衡性與穩(wěn)定性,從而能夠有效避免運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的發(fā)生。2.通過在常規(guī)跨欄跑教學(xué)基礎(chǔ)上添加功能性訓(xùn)練與常規(guī)跨欄跑進(jìn)行教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對比分析表明,相比常規(guī)跨欄教學(xué)在其基礎(chǔ)上添加功能性訓(xùn)練對提高學(xué)生跨欄跑運(yùn)動(dòng)成績、掌握跨欄跑技術(shù)所產(chǎn)生的效果更加顯著。3.功能性訓(xùn)練可以豐富教學(xué)內(nèi)容,其練習(xí)的方法和手段新穎、形式多樣,能夠有效激發(fā)學(xué)生對跨欄跑的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)積極性,同時(shí)能夠提高學(xué)生對跨欄跑運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的興趣,減少學(xué)生在技術(shù)課學(xué)習(xí)中的枯燥和乏味感。
[Abstract]:Hurdle race is not only an important sport in the field of track and field, but also an indispensable content in the teaching and training of physical education. In recent years, with the rising of Liu Xiang and Shi Dong Peng and other Chinese excellent hurdling athletes, the hurdle race project is more and more popular with the school physical education and the students' favorite. With the vigorous development of sports science, a great deal of advanced education teaching idea, strength training method and means are introduced into the teaching practice of hurdle race, which plays an important role in improving the teaching quality of the hurdle race. In recent ten years, the method of physical functional training (hereinafter referred to as" 鈥渇unctional training鈥,
本文編號(hào):2383631
[Abstract]:Hurdle race is not only an important sport in the field of track and field, but also an indispensable content in the teaching and training of physical education. In recent years, with the rising of Liu Xiang and Shi Dong Peng and other Chinese excellent hurdling athletes, the hurdle race project is more and more popular with the school physical education and the students' favorite. With the vigorous development of sports science, a great deal of advanced education teaching idea, strength training method and means are introduced into the teaching practice of hurdle race, which plays an important role in improving the teaching quality of the hurdle race. In recent ten years, the method of physical functional training (hereinafter referred to as" 鈥渇unctional training鈥,
本文編號(hào):2383631
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