NBA比賽中搶攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用和特點研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-12 00:27
【摘要】：21世紀(jì)的籃球比賽正朝著身高體壯、積極快速和機(jī)敏多變的方向發(fā)展,大個子球員運(yùn)用身高去搶占空間和高度、小個子球員運(yùn)用速度去搶時間是現(xiàn)代籃球運(yùn)動的特點和發(fā)展趨向。搶攻是在快攻不成功轉(zhuǎn)為陣地進(jìn)攻之前這個短時間,進(jìn)攻方不是等全部隊員落位進(jìn)行陣地進(jìn)攻而是在防守隊員未全部到位形成集體防守之前,快速的發(fā)動個人、或2、3人之間的有計劃、有目的的攻擊,打?qū)Ψ搅⒆阄捶�(wěn)。隨著現(xiàn)代籃球比賽的節(jié)奏越來越快,搶攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用也越來越多。正因為搶攻的特點符合現(xiàn)代籃球的發(fā)展,它被越來越多的球隊所重視。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、錄像統(tǒng)計分析法等方法,通過研究NBA2014——2015賽季季后賽首輪快船隊和馬刺隊的七場比賽以及總決賽勇士隊和騎士隊六場比賽中搶攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)的運(yùn)用情況,進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計,根據(jù)對比賽錄像和數(shù)據(jù)分析,得出以下結(jié)論:1.現(xiàn)代籃球運(yùn)動強(qiáng)調(diào)運(yùn)用速度去爭取時間來控制主動、掌握比賽的節(jié)奏,強(qiáng)調(diào)加快攻守轉(zhuǎn)換的速度,從而快速進(jìn)攻的次數(shù)越來越多,搶攻的機(jī)會也得到了增多。2.從搶攻運(yùn)用次數(shù)占總進(jìn)攻比例和搶攻總得分占比賽總得分的比例都可以看出,搶攻逐漸受到各個球隊的重視。3.四支球隊在比賽中搶攻進(jìn)攻所消耗的時間都在4—10秒之間,說明搶攻進(jìn)攻速度快。搶攻在參與人數(shù)上主要以1—2人為主,既能體現(xiàn)球員個人技術(shù)能力的特點,也能發(fā)揮團(tuán)隊籃球的作用;在參與搶攻的球員位置上主要以后衛(wèi)和前鋒為主,中鋒參與搶攻較少,主要由于搶攻進(jìn)攻速度快,大個子球員運(yùn)動速度普遍較慢的原因。4.搶攻發(fā)動的來源主要分為搶獲后場籃板球、擲后場端線球、搶斷球三個來源。搶攻在得分方式上主要以遠(yuǎn)投三分和突破上籃為主,中投和籃下強(qiáng)攻運(yùn)用次數(shù)相對較少。5.搶攻在基礎(chǔ)戰(zhàn)術(shù)配合上主要以傳切和突破分球為主,使用策應(yīng)和掩護(hù)的次數(shù)相對較少,戰(zhàn)術(shù)具有靈活多變和突然性的特點。搶攻的成功率都比該場比賽的總成功率高,球隊隊伍結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成不同、個人進(jìn)攻能力的不同、球員搶攻意識不同是影響搶攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)運(yùn)用和成敗的關(guān)鍵因素。
[Abstract]:Basketball matches in the 21st century are developing in the direction of being tall, strong, active, quick and flexible. Big players use height to seize space and height. It is the characteristic and development trend of modern basketball to use speed to grab time. A preemptive attack is a short period of time before the fast break does not succeed in turning into a position attack. The attacking side does not wait for all the players to fall into position to attack the position, but before all the defensive players are in place to form a collective defense, they quickly launch an individual. Or 2 or 3 between the planned, purposeful attack, the other side is unstable. With the rhythm of modern basketball games faster and faster, the use of attack tactics is also more and more. Because the characteristic of attack accords with the development of modern basketball, it is paid more and more attention to by more and more teams. This paper adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, video statistical analysis, etc. By studying the seven games of the Clippers and the Spurs in the first round of the NBA2014--2015 playoffs and the use of the grabbing tactics in the six games of the Warriors and the Cavaliers in the Finals, the statistics are carried out, and according to the video and data analysis of the game, The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Modern basketball sports emphasize the use of speed to gain time to control initiative, to master the rhythm of the game, to speed up the pace of change between attack and defense, so the number of rapid attacks is increasing, and the opportunity of preemption has also increased. 2. It can be seen from the proportion of the times of preemption to the total attack and the percentage of the total score of the attack to the total score of the match that the preemptive attack has gradually been attached importance to by each team. 3. The four teams took 4-10 seconds to attack in the game, indicating that the attack was fast. The number of participants in the attack is mainly 1-2, which can not only reflect the characteristics of the players' individual technical ability, but also play the role of team basketball. The main position of the players involved in the attack is mainly the defender and the forward, and the center is less involved in the attack, mainly because of the fast attack speed and the slow movement speed of the big players. 4. The main sources of attack are to grab the backcourt rebounds, throw the backcourt end-line ball, and steal the ball. The main scoring method of the attack was long shot three points and breakthrough layup, and the number of times the CIC and the basket strong attack was relatively small. 5. 5%. In the basic tactical cooperation, the strategy of preemption mainly consists of passing and cutting and breaking through the ball, and the times of using strategy and cover are relatively small, and the tactics are flexible and changeable and sudden. The success rate of the attack is higher than the total success rate of the match, the structure of the team is different, the individual offensive ability is different, and the player's different sense of attack is the key factor that affects the use and success of the strategy of preemptive attack.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G841
本文編號：2373528
[Abstract]:Basketball matches in the 21st century are developing in the direction of being tall, strong, active, quick and flexible. Big players use height to seize space and height. It is the characteristic and development trend of modern basketball to use speed to grab time. A preemptive attack is a short period of time before the fast break does not succeed in turning into a position attack. The attacking side does not wait for all the players to fall into position to attack the position, but before all the defensive players are in place to form a collective defense, they quickly launch an individual. Or 2 or 3 between the planned, purposeful attack, the other side is unstable. With the rhythm of modern basketball games faster and faster, the use of attack tactics is also more and more. Because the characteristic of attack accords with the development of modern basketball, it is paid more and more attention to by more and more teams. This paper adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, video statistical analysis, etc. By studying the seven games of the Clippers and the Spurs in the first round of the NBA2014--2015 playoffs and the use of the grabbing tactics in the six games of the Warriors and the Cavaliers in the Finals, the statistics are carried out, and according to the video and data analysis of the game, The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Modern basketball sports emphasize the use of speed to gain time to control initiative, to master the rhythm of the game, to speed up the pace of change between attack and defense, so the number of rapid attacks is increasing, and the opportunity of preemption has also increased. 2. It can be seen from the proportion of the times of preemption to the total attack and the percentage of the total score of the attack to the total score of the match that the preemptive attack has gradually been attached importance to by each team. 3. The four teams took 4-10 seconds to attack in the game, indicating that the attack was fast. The number of participants in the attack is mainly 1-2, which can not only reflect the characteristics of the players' individual technical ability, but also play the role of team basketball. The main position of the players involved in the attack is mainly the defender and the forward, and the center is less involved in the attack, mainly because of the fast attack speed and the slow movement speed of the big players. 4. The main sources of attack are to grab the backcourt rebounds, throw the backcourt end-line ball, and steal the ball. The main scoring method of the attack was long shot three points and breakthrough layup, and the number of times the CIC and the basket strong attack was relatively small. 5. 5%. In the basic tactical cooperation, the strategy of preemption mainly consists of passing and cutting and breaking through the ball, and the times of using strategy and cover are relatively small, and the tactics are flexible and changeable and sudden. The success rate of the attack is higher than the total success rate of the match, the structure of the team is different, the individual offensive ability is different, and the player's different sense of attack is the key factor that affects the use and success of the strategy of preemptive attack.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G841
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