規(guī)則的演變與我國(guó)乒乓球持拍技術(shù)流派興衰的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-21 20:04
【摘要】：里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)中國(guó)乒乓球隊(duì)取得了較好的成績(jī),把兵乓球這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)推向了新的高度,同時(shí)2016年全面推行新材料球的措施,也讓乒乓球規(guī)則的演變進(jìn)入人們的視野。國(guó)際乒聯(lián)針對(duì)規(guī)則的改變?cè)桨l(fā)頻繁,不管是在場(chǎng)館器材上還是比賽賽制上都有所改動(dòng),從大球的推廣再到塑料球球體的改變,從無(wú)機(jī)膠水代替有機(jī)膠水這些都使球在速度和旋轉(zhuǎn)上受到了影響,而21分制縮短成11分制,使比賽更加具有偶然性,當(dāng)然這些規(guī)則在提高乒乓球比賽的觀賞程度,讓更多人喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)上起到了重要的作用,但是隨著規(guī)則的不斷演變,直板選手越來(lái)越少,如今國(guó)家隊(duì)除了許昕,都是橫板選手,乒乓球握拍的單一化,并不利于乒乓球長(zhǎng)久的發(fā)展,通過(guò)分析2000年以后規(guī)則改變中我國(guó)優(yōu)秀乒乓球直板運(yùn)動(dòng)員的比賽和解讀當(dāng)今橫板優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員技戰(zhàn)術(shù)打法特點(diǎn),找出規(guī)則的演變對(duì)于握拍的的沖擊。本文通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)資料法、視頻分析法對(duì)規(guī)則的演變,優(yōu)秀橫板與直板運(yùn)動(dòng)員的比賽進(jìn)行了解析,得出了以下結(jié)論:(1)在直板發(fā)展的高峰期階段,并沒(méi)有在世界范圍很好的推廣,一直以來(lái)都只是在中國(guó)、韓國(guó)、日本等亞洲區(qū)域運(yùn)動(dòng)員使用,參考對(duì)象不足,群眾基礎(chǔ)相對(duì)薄弱,能夠收集到的資料就非常有限。橫板打法通過(guò)龐大的數(shù)據(jù)資料在不斷完善打法特點(diǎn)和發(fā)明新的打法,直板只能結(jié)合當(dāng)今主流打法同時(shí)根據(jù)握拍特點(diǎn)不斷摸索。(2)如今直板的打法在一定程度上受到了握拍的局限性,隨著無(wú)機(jī)膠水和塑料球的使用,球速的前沖力下降,旋轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)?發(fā)球和發(fā)球搶攻的威力有所下降,更有利于接發(fā)球方,同時(shí)優(yōu)先選擇搶先上手進(jìn)攻成為接發(fā)球主要手段,這樣的打法對(duì)直板運(yùn)動(dòng)員擅長(zhǎng)控制的打法是一種沖擊。(3)隨著規(guī)則的演變,在打法上發(fā)生了變化,橫板的弧圈結(jié)合快攻的打法,反手進(jìn)攻在一定程度上增加了使用,在接發(fā)球段更多的使用擰拉的進(jìn)攻技術(shù)手段,同時(shí)相持階段不再是正手進(jìn)攻占主導(dǎo)地位,而是正反手對(duì)拉共同支撐著,而直板選手的反手一直以來(lái)都是弱項(xiàng),他們?cè)诮影l(fā)球階段更多的還是通過(guò)側(cè)身和控制的手段,側(cè)身雖然也是搶占先機(jī),給對(duì)方留出很大的空間,雖然發(fā)明了直板橫打的技術(shù),但技術(shù)要求太高,選手更多的進(jìn)攻還是放在正手,所以直板打法到現(xiàn)在也沒(méi)有一個(gè)完善的技術(shù)體系。(4)由于我國(guó)的體制原因,乒乓球又是常年的冠軍項(xiàng)目,優(yōu)勝劣汰競(jìng)爭(zhēng)過(guò)于激烈,太過(guò)于看重成績(jī),而橫板上手簡(jiǎn)單,好培養(yǎng),容易出成績(jī),以及打法順應(yīng)規(guī)則的改變,而直板受握拍,以及初級(jí)學(xué)球階段在推擋和橫打上存在著不確定性,導(dǎo)致直板運(yùn)動(dòng)員越來(lái)越少。
[Abstract]:The Chinese table tennis team in Rio Olympic Games has made good achievements, which has pushed the game to a new height. At the same time, the comprehensive implementation of the new material ball measures in 2016 has also brought the evolution of table tennis rules into people's view. The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is changing the rules more and more frequently, from the promotion of large balls to the change of plastic ball balls, both in the stadium and in the competition system. From inorganic glue instead of organic glue, these have affected the speed and rotation of the ball, while the 21-point system has been shortened to 11 points, making the game more incidental. Of course, these rules are improving the viewing degree of the table tennis game. Making more people like this sport has played an important role, but as the rules continue to evolve, there are fewer and fewer straight board players. Now, except for Xu Xin, the national team is all horizontal board players, and the ping-pong grip is single. It is not conducive to the development of table tennis for a long time. By analyzing the competition of the excellent table tennis players in China after 2000 and interpreting the characteristics of the techniques and tactics of the excellent players of the horizontal board, this paper finds out the impact of the evolution of the rules on the grip of the pat. In this paper, the evolution of the rules and the competition between the excellent cross board and straight board athletes are analyzed by the method of literature and video analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in the peak stage of the development of straight board, It has been used only in China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian regions. The reference objects are not enough, the mass base is relatively weak, and the data that can be collected is very limited. The cross board playing method is constantly improving the characteristics of the playing method and inventing a new one through a large amount of data. The straight board can only be combined with today's mainstream playing method and constantly groping according to the characteristics of the grip. (2) nowadays, the straight board playing method is limited to some extent by the grip, with the use of inorganic glue and plastic balls, the forward impulse of the ball speed decreases. As the rotation weakens, the power of the serve and the serve grabs is reduced, which is more favorable to the receiving side. At the same time, priority is given to the use of the preemptive attack as the main means of receiving the serve. This kind of play is a kind of impact to the straight board athletes who are good at controlling. (3) with the evolution of the rules, there has been a change in the playing method. The crossbar arc ring combined with the fast break method, the backhand attack has to a certain extent increased the use of the backhand attack. In the receiving and serving section, more use of twisting and pulling offensive techniques is used. At the same time, the forehand attack is no longer dominant, but the forehand to pull is supported together, and the backhand of the straight board player has always been weak. They are more likely to use sideways and controls in the receiving and serving stage. Although the sideways are also preemptive and give each other a lot of space, although they have invented the technology of straight and horizontal beating, the technical requirements are too high. The players still put more attacks on the forehand, so there is no perfect technical system for the straight board play. (4) because of the institutional reasons of our country, table tennis is also a perennial champion, and the competition for survival of the fittest is too fierce. Too much emphasis on performance, while the cross board is simple, easy to train, easy to score, and to change the rules of play, while the straight board is held, and there is uncertainty in the push and the cross at the beginning of learning the ball. As a result, there are fewer and fewer straight board athletes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G846
本文編號(hào)：2348133
[Abstract]:The Chinese table tennis team in Rio Olympic Games has made good achievements, which has pushed the game to a new height. At the same time, the comprehensive implementation of the new material ball measures in 2016 has also brought the evolution of table tennis rules into people's view. The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is changing the rules more and more frequently, from the promotion of large balls to the change of plastic ball balls, both in the stadium and in the competition system. From inorganic glue instead of organic glue, these have affected the speed and rotation of the ball, while the 21-point system has been shortened to 11 points, making the game more incidental. Of course, these rules are improving the viewing degree of the table tennis game. Making more people like this sport has played an important role, but as the rules continue to evolve, there are fewer and fewer straight board players. Now, except for Xu Xin, the national team is all horizontal board players, and the ping-pong grip is single. It is not conducive to the development of table tennis for a long time. By analyzing the competition of the excellent table tennis players in China after 2000 and interpreting the characteristics of the techniques and tactics of the excellent players of the horizontal board, this paper finds out the impact of the evolution of the rules on the grip of the pat. In this paper, the evolution of the rules and the competition between the excellent cross board and straight board athletes are analyzed by the method of literature and video analysis. The conclusions are as follows: (1) in the peak stage of the development of straight board, It has been used only in China, South Korea, Japan and other Asian regions. The reference objects are not enough, the mass base is relatively weak, and the data that can be collected is very limited. The cross board playing method is constantly improving the characteristics of the playing method and inventing a new one through a large amount of data. The straight board can only be combined with today's mainstream playing method and constantly groping according to the characteristics of the grip. (2) nowadays, the straight board playing method is limited to some extent by the grip, with the use of inorganic glue and plastic balls, the forward impulse of the ball speed decreases. As the rotation weakens, the power of the serve and the serve grabs is reduced, which is more favorable to the receiving side. At the same time, priority is given to the use of the preemptive attack as the main means of receiving the serve. This kind of play is a kind of impact to the straight board athletes who are good at controlling. (3) with the evolution of the rules, there has been a change in the playing method. The crossbar arc ring combined with the fast break method, the backhand attack has to a certain extent increased the use of the backhand attack. In the receiving and serving section, more use of twisting and pulling offensive techniques is used. At the same time, the forehand attack is no longer dominant, but the forehand to pull is supported together, and the backhand of the straight board player has always been weak. They are more likely to use sideways and controls in the receiving and serving stage. Although the sideways are also preemptive and give each other a lot of space, although they have invented the technology of straight and horizontal beating, the technical requirements are too high. The players still put more attacks on the forehand, so there is no perfect technical system for the straight board play. (4) because of the institutional reasons of our country, table tennis is also a perennial champion, and the competition for survival of the fittest is too fierce. Too much emphasis on performance, while the cross board is simple, easy to train, easy to score, and to change the rules of play, while the straight board is held, and there is uncertainty in the push and the cross at the beginning of learning the ball. As a result, there are fewer and fewer straight board athletes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G846
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