【摘要】：公元前420年第90屆古希臘奧運(yùn)會召開前夕,東道主伊利斯人宣布將斯巴達(dá)人逐離奧林匹亞,禁止其在此祭神和參賽,理由是斯巴達(dá)人違背"神圣休戰(zhàn)公約",在上一屆奧運(yùn)會召開時出兵萊普瑞昂。面對伊利斯人開出的罰單,斯巴達(dá)人據(jù)理力爭,拒不認(rèn)罰。雙方劍撥弩張,奧運(yùn)會在"人人恐慌"的氛圍中舉行。經(jīng)由古希臘經(jīng)典史料的文獻(xiàn)學(xué)分析和歷史實證考察可知:作為古代奧運(yùn)會"第一原則"的"神圣休戰(zhàn)公約"在名義上廣受希臘城邦的認(rèn)同;但在實際執(zhí)行過程中,休戰(zhàn)的原則常被用作權(quán)力爭奪的工具與利益交換的籌碼,在奧林匹克"體育和平"的理想與實踐之間,存在著經(jīng)由實利世俗因素干擾而造成的落差。萊普瑞昂,就是伊利斯與斯巴達(dá)借用"神圣休戰(zhàn)公約"之名而展開的實利爭奪的目標(biāo)。從奧林匹克運(yùn)動源頭出發(fā)的歷史回顧再一次提示:"Olympic Games"絕不僅僅是作為"游戲"的"Games"——這雖有悖當(dāng)代體育價值觀的精神向往,但卻是不爭的歷史實際。由文明交往而產(chǎn)生,又被刻意發(fā)明和利用的體育,往往負(fù)載著更為復(fù)雜而深刻的社會屬性與文化內(nèi)涵。
[Abstract]:On the eve of the 90th Olympic Games in ancient Greece in 420 B.C., the host, Ellis, announced that the Spartans would be expelled from Olympia, prohibiting them from sacrificing their gods and taking part in the competition, on the grounds that the Spartans had violated the Convention of the Holy truce. When the last Olympic Games began, he sent troops to Lipreian. Faced with a ticket issued by the Ellis, the Spartans argued for it and refused to admit it. The Olympic Games were held in an atmosphere of panic. Through the documentary analysis and historical demonstration of the ancient Greek classic historical data, we can see that the "sacred truce convention", as the "first principle" of the ancient Olympic Games, was widely recognized by the Greek city-states in name; However, in the process of practical implementation, the principle of truce is often used as a tool for power struggle and a bargaining chip for the exchange of interests. There is a gap between the ideal and practice of Olympic "sports peace", which is caused by the interference of profit-seeking and secular factors. Lyprion is the objective of Iris and Sparta's real-profit struggle under the name of the Convention of the Holy truce. The historical review from the source of the Olympic Movement suggests once again that "Olympic Games" is not only "Games" as "game"-it is a spiritual yearning contrary to the values of contemporary sports, but it is an indisputable historical reality. Sports, produced by civilization and deliberately invented and used, are often loaded with more complicated and profound social attributes and cultural connotations.
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金一般項目《體育史學(xué)基本理論研究》,項目號:15BTY085
【分類號】：G811.21

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