【摘要】：隨著競技體育的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)在的體育比賽已是綜合化的競爭,不但要求運(yùn)動員體力好,還要求其運(yùn)動技能、智力水平、心理能力、知識能力、及綜合素質(zhì)都要高,隨著競技體育的發(fā)展以及社會對競技體育人才的需求,越來越需要培養(yǎng)出全面發(fā)展型競技體育人才,然而就當(dāng)下來看,制約著全面發(fā)展競技體育人才培養(yǎng)的學(xué)訓(xùn)矛盾仍然存在。為了促進(jìn)學(xué)訓(xùn)矛盾轉(zhuǎn)化成學(xué)訓(xùn)互贏,使體校學(xué)生在擁有較高訓(xùn)練水平的同時(shí)還能具有一定的文化素養(yǎng),本人選取了山東省體校學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合全面發(fā)展模式重構(gòu)作為研究選題。本文采用調(diào)查法、文獻(xiàn)資料法、訪談法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法等多種研究方法,以山東省部分城市:青島、濟(jì)南、威海、棗莊、濱州、淄博、日照、東營、濟(jì)寧、泰安、萊蕪、菏澤12市體育運(yùn)動學(xué)校的部分體校學(xué)生、文化課教師、教練員、以及管理人員作為調(diào)查對象,對山東省12市體校學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。針對近年來體校學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合存在的問題,探討應(yīng)對的辦法,提出一個(gè)較新的改革模式,研究得出的結(jié)論如下:(1)山東省文化課教師中,中青年教師比例較大,以本科學(xué)歷為主,初、中級職稱居多,來源于師范院校占多半。(2)學(xué)生重訓(xùn)輕學(xué),表現(xiàn)在對訓(xùn)練態(tài)度較為認(rèn)真,參加訓(xùn)練比較積極,但對文化課學(xué)習(xí)的認(rèn)識程度不高,大多數(shù)學(xué)生對文化課不感興趣,出勤和聽課都表現(xiàn)較差,學(xué)生課外基本不學(xué)習(xí)。大部分運(yùn)動員每年參加比賽3-6次,占用了大量的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間,比賽和學(xué)習(xí)不能同時(shí)兼顧,影響了運(yùn)動員掌握文化課知識。學(xué)校缺乏相應(yīng)的思想教育和嚴(yán)格的考核管理,導(dǎo)致學(xué)生文化課成績普遍不高。(3)教練員以培養(yǎng)金牌運(yùn)動員為主,對運(yùn)動員文化課學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)心相對不夠,與文化課老師溝通較少。(4)學(xué)校只看重訓(xùn)練成績,沒有組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行入學(xué)文化課考試。對學(xué)生文化課學(xué)習(xí)成績獎勵額度較低,大多數(shù)在100-200元之間。教師對教學(xué)大綱嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行缺乏靈活性,無法結(jié)合運(yùn)動員參賽狀況具體實(shí)施,使比賽與文化課不能根據(jù)實(shí)際協(xié)調(diào)進(jìn)行。(5)體校課程設(shè)置基本可以滿足學(xué)生的文化課學(xué)習(xí)需求,但是課程科目開設(shè)的種類不齊全,體育基礎(chǔ)理論課和技術(shù)課缺失現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。(6)各體育運(yùn)動學(xué)校表面上按照國家有關(guān)政策執(zhí)行學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合,但實(shí)際上在體校管理措施中把運(yùn)動訓(xùn)練管理、文化課教學(xué)管理,有機(jī)結(jié)合在一起。(7)體育部門為提高運(yùn)動員訓(xùn)練水平和比賽取得好成績,只重視專項(xiàng)能力培養(yǎng),體育局和教育局在體校學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合培養(yǎng)全面發(fā)展人才方面有待加強(qiáng)。(8)初步建立了山東省體校學(xué)生"學(xué)訓(xùn)"結(jié)合模式,包括:領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、教師、教練、學(xué)生、家長"五位一體"學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合子模式;訓(xùn)練課、文化課、課外一體化學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合子模式;比賽過程與文化輔導(dǎo)一體化學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合子模式;學(xué)習(xí)成績與參賽掛鉤學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合子模式;學(xué)習(xí)成績、訓(xùn)練表現(xiàn)、參賽成績綜合評定學(xué)訓(xùn)結(jié)合子模式。
[Abstract]:With the development of competitive sports, the present sports competition is a comprehensive competition, which not only requires the athletes to have good physical strength, but also requires their sports skills, intellectual level, psychological ability, knowledge ability, and comprehensive quality to be high. With the development of competitive sports and the demand of the society for competitive sports talents, it is more and more necessary to cultivate the all-round development of competitive sports talents. However, at present, the contradiction of learning and training that restricts the all-round development of competitive sports talent training still exists. In order to promote the contradiction between learning and training to turn into mutual win of learning and training, so that the students of sports school have higher training level and have certain cultural accomplishment at the same time, I choose Shandong sports school combined with comprehensive development model reconstruction as the research topic. In this paper, some research methods, such as investigation, literature, interview, mathematical statistics and so on, are used to study some cities in Shandong Province: Qingdao, Jinan, Weihai, Zaozhuang, Binzhou, Zibo, Rizhao, Dongying, Jining, Tai'an, Laiwu, etc. Part of sports school students, culture teachers, coaches and managers in 12 sports schools in Heze were investigated, and the present situation of the combination of learning and training in 12 sports schools in Shandong Province was analyzed. In view of the problems existing in the combination of physical education and training in recent years, this paper discusses the countermeasures and puts forward a relatively new reform model. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the proportion of young and middle-aged teachers in Shandong Province is relatively large. At the beginning of the year, the majority of the students came from normal colleges and universities. (2) the students pay more attention to training than to study, which is shown by their serious attitude towards training and active participation in training, but the level of understanding of cultural study is not high. Most students are not interested in cultural classes, attendance and attendance are poor, students do not learn after school. Most athletes take part in competitions 3-6 times a year, which takes up a lot of study time, and the competition and study can not be taken into account at the same time, which affects the athletes to master the knowledge of culture class. Due to the lack of corresponding ideological education and strict examination management, the students' achievement in cultural class is generally not high. (3) coaches focus on the training of gold-medal athletes, and they pay relatively little attention to the study of athletes' cultural lessons. Communication with culture teachers is less. (4) the school only values training results and does not organize students to take entrance examination. To the student culture class study achievement reward quota is low, most is in 100-200 yuan. The teachers lack flexibility to strictly implement the syllabus, and can not carry out the competition and culture courses according to the actual conditions of athletes' participation. (5) the curriculum of sports school can basically meet the needs of students' learning of cultural courses. However, the types of courses offered are not complete, and the lack of basic theory courses and technical courses of physical education is serious. (6) on the surface, all sports schools carry out the combination of learning and training in accordance with the relevant policies of the state. But in fact, in the management measures of sports school, the management of sports training and the management of culture teaching are combined organically. (7) in order to improve the training level of athletes and achieve good results in competitions, the sports departments only attach importance to the cultivation of special abilities. The sports bureau and the education bureau need to strengthen in the aspect of training the all-round development talented person in the sports school. (8) preliminarily established the Shandong Province sports school student "study training" the union pattern, including: the leadership, the teacher, the coach, the student, Parents "five-in-one" learning and training combined sub-model; Training class, culture class, extracurricular integration learning and training combination sub-model, competition process and cultural guidance integrated learning and training integration sub-model, learning results and participation in the combination of learning and training sub-model; Study achievement, training performance, competition performance comprehensive evaluation of learning and training combined with sub-model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G807.7

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