石家莊市老年人太極拳活動現狀與社區(qū)開展方案研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-25 20:48
【摘要】：太極拳作為中華民族傳統的瑰寶,融合了中國的古典哲學和傳統醫(yī)學理論,集防身、健體、祛病、養(yǎng)生功效于一體。太極拳的動作緩慢柔和,為中低強度的有氧運動,練習后身體代謝機能不會產生激烈的變化,特別適合老年人這個特殊的群體用來進行健身鍛煉。老年人參加適宜的太極拳運動,能夠起到健身強體、延緩衰老的健身效果。隨著我國城市建設的快速發(fā)展,社區(qū)成為了老年人退休后主要的居住、生活、活動、娛樂的場所和范圍。以社區(qū)為單位,以社區(qū)老年人為活動的主體,以社區(qū)的自然環(huán)境為烘托,充分利用社區(qū)的活動場地組織太極拳鍛煉活動,既能夠為老年人健身、娛樂、交往提供極大的方便和滿足,增進老年人健康,豐富老年人的業(yè)余文化生活;又能解決現存太極拳鍛煉活動組織管理中存在的問題,促進太極拳活動健康長期發(fā)展。本文運用文獻資料法、問卷調查法、特爾菲法、數理統計法和邏輯分析法等研究方法,通過對石家莊市600名老年人和12名社區(qū)鍛煉活動的組織管理者進問卷調查,了解分析了石家莊市老年人太極拳活動現狀并發(fā)現其中存在的問題,制定了一個以社區(qū)為單位開展太極拳鍛煉活動的完整方案,為老年人太極拳鍛煉科學化、系統化、規(guī)范化提供理論依據和實踐指導。得出的結論如下:石家莊市老年人選擇散步、健步走進行鍛煉的人最多,其次是太極拳。以社區(qū)為單位推廣太極拳有著較深的群眾基礎,符合大眾健身的需要。參加太極拳健身老年人女性比例明顯大于男性,出現男女失衡的狀態(tài),練習場所集中在廣場和公園,練習形式多為輔導站練習站點進行組織練習,練習的主要動機為強身健體、預防治療疾病、提高修養(yǎng)、緩解精神壓力,學習渠道途徑以向親朋好友學習和多媒體視頻學習為主,練習時間比較規(guī)律。以上的練習特點太極拳與其他項目的總體上趨于相似狀態(tài)。不同的是,太極拳多集中在早晨,練習的內容以簡化的太極拳套路為主,練習者的文化程度相當對其他項目來說偏高。石家莊市只有部分社區(qū)組織太極拳活動,而且缺乏統一系統的管理部分,具有松散性、區(qū)域性、數量少、小型化的特點。沒有練習太極拳的老人主要是因為沒有學習途徑和無人指導的原因,超過80%的被調查老年人希望能夠以社區(qū)為單位組織學習和練習太極拳,并希望社區(qū)能夠為他們提供定期的技術指導和固定的練習場地。太極拳活動存在著組織管理體制不完善、太極拳指導員、教練員匱乏、經費短缺,活動場地供需不足、老年人對于太極拳的健身價值認識不足、缺少相應的控制機制等問題。針對石家莊市社區(qū)老年人太極拳活動中出現的問題,提出了以社區(qū)為單位開展太極拳活動的方案:設立市區(qū)人民政府、街道辦事處、居委會和體育活動站點4個層次的組織管理機構;管理層由協會會長負責和專職辦公室人員執(zhí)行具體事務,活動層由活動站站長和社會體育指導員負責的人員配置;明確了人力資源管理、社區(qū)太極拳活動管理、場地場館管理、經費管理等部門具體管理職能和方法。通過處理好社區(qū)太極拳組織與行政機構的關系,加強和完善社區(qū)太極拳管理制度和法規(guī)建設,制定社區(qū)太極拳的發(fā)展規(guī)劃和工作計劃,建立社區(qū)太極拳工作的獎勵機制和約束機制等保障措施保障社區(qū)老年人太極拳活動順利的進行。從組織管理、太極拳水平、老年人生活方式、老年人體質健康等方面對社區(qū)太極拳活動的工作進行評估,便于及時發(fā)現問題和差距并提出修改措施,保證方案的正確性和實效性,促進社區(qū)老年人太極拳活動的健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As the traditional Chinese culture of the Chinese nation, Taijiquan combines Chinese classical philosophy and traditional Chinese medicine theory, integrates anti-body, anti-aging, disease-dispelling and health preserving effects. The exercise of Taijiquan is gentle and gentle, and is a low-intensity aerobic exercise. After practice, the body's metabolic function will not change violently, especially suitable for the special group of the old people to exercise the body-building. The old people participate in the appropriate Taijiquan exercise, can play a body-building strong body, and delay the body-building effect of aging. With the rapid development of urban construction in our country, the community has become the main residence, life, activity and entertainment place and scope of the old people after retirement. taking the community as a unit, taking the community as the main body, taking the natural environment of the community as the baking tray, fully utilizing the active site of the community to organize the Taijiquan exercise activity, thereby being capable of providing great convenience and satisfaction for the health, entertainment and communication of the elderly, improving the health of the elderly, enriching the amateur cultural life of the old people, solving the problems existing in the existing organization management of the existing Taijiquan exercise, and promoting the healthy and long-term development of Taijiquan activity. By using the methods of literature, questionnaire, Delphi, mathematical statistics and logic analysis, this paper makes a questionnaire survey of 600 senior citizens and 12 community training activities. To understand the present situation of Taijiquan activity in the elderly and find out the existing problems, a complete plan for carrying out Taijiquan exercise activities in community units has been developed, which provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific, systematic and standardization of Taijiquan exercise in the old people. The conclusion is as follows: the older people choose to take a walk, the healthy step is the most people who exercise, followed by the Taijiquan. Community-based Taijiquan has a deep foundation and meets the needs of mass-building. The proportion of women participating in Taijiquan exercise is obviously higher than that of men, and the imbalance between men and women occurs. The practice places are concentrated in the square and the park. The practice forms are organized in the practice site of the tutor station. The main motivation of the practice is to strengthen the body, prevent the treatment of diseases and improve the cultivation. Relieve mental pressure, learn channel ways to learn from family and friends and multimedia video, practice time comparison rule. The above practice features Taijiquan and other items generally tend to be similar. The difference is that Taijiquan is concentrated in the morning, the content of practice is the simplified Taijiquan routine, and the cultural level of the exerciser is quite high for other projects. Only part of the community organizes Taijiquan activities, but also lacks the management part of the unified system, and has the characteristics of loose, regional, small quantity and miniaturization. The older people who do not practice Taijiquan are mainly because there is no way of learning and no guidance, more than 80% of the people surveyed want to learn and practice Taijiquan in community-based organizations, and hope that the community can provide them with regular technical guidance and fixed range of practice. The activities of Taijiquan have problems such as imperfect organization management system, Taijiquan instructor, shortage of coaches, shortage of funds, insufficient supply and demand of active sites, insufficient awareness of the health value of Taijiquan, lack of corresponding control mechanism and so on. In view of the problems in Taijiquan activity in the old community, this paper puts forward a scheme to carry out the activities of Taijiquan in the community as the unit: the establishment of four levels of organization management organization of the people's government, the street office, the neighborhood committee and the sports activity site; The management shall be responsible to the President of the People's Republic of China and the full-time office personnel to carry out specific matters, and the active layer shall be staffed by the staff of the Station Master and the Social Sports Instructors of the mobile station; the management of human resources management, community Taijiquan activities and venue management shall be clearly defined. Specific management functions and methods of fund management and other departments. By dealing with the relationship between the community Taijiquan organization and the administrative agency, we should strengthen and improve the community's Taijiquan management system and regulation construction, and formulate the development plan and work plan of the community Taijiquan. To establish the incentive mechanism and restriction mechanism of community Taijiquan work to guarantee the success of Taijiquan activity in the community. From the aspects of organizational management, the level of Taijiquan, the way of life of the old people, the health of the old people's physique and so on, the work of the community Taijiquan activities should be evaluated, the problems and gaps can be found in time, and the modification measures should be put forward, so as to ensure the correctness and effectiveness of the scheme. To promote the healthy development of Taijiquan in the community.
【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G852.11
本文編號：2294793
[Abstract]:As the traditional Chinese culture of the Chinese nation, Taijiquan combines Chinese classical philosophy and traditional Chinese medicine theory, integrates anti-body, anti-aging, disease-dispelling and health preserving effects. The exercise of Taijiquan is gentle and gentle, and is a low-intensity aerobic exercise. After practice, the body's metabolic function will not change violently, especially suitable for the special group of the old people to exercise the body-building. The old people participate in the appropriate Taijiquan exercise, can play a body-building strong body, and delay the body-building effect of aging. With the rapid development of urban construction in our country, the community has become the main residence, life, activity and entertainment place and scope of the old people after retirement. taking the community as a unit, taking the community as the main body, taking the natural environment of the community as the baking tray, fully utilizing the active site of the community to organize the Taijiquan exercise activity, thereby being capable of providing great convenience and satisfaction for the health, entertainment and communication of the elderly, improving the health of the elderly, enriching the amateur cultural life of the old people, solving the problems existing in the existing organization management of the existing Taijiquan exercise, and promoting the healthy and long-term development of Taijiquan activity. By using the methods of literature, questionnaire, Delphi, mathematical statistics and logic analysis, this paper makes a questionnaire survey of 600 senior citizens and 12 community training activities. To understand the present situation of Taijiquan activity in the elderly and find out the existing problems, a complete plan for carrying out Taijiquan exercise activities in community units has been developed, which provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the scientific, systematic and standardization of Taijiquan exercise in the old people. The conclusion is as follows: the older people choose to take a walk, the healthy step is the most people who exercise, followed by the Taijiquan. Community-based Taijiquan has a deep foundation and meets the needs of mass-building. The proportion of women participating in Taijiquan exercise is obviously higher than that of men, and the imbalance between men and women occurs. The practice places are concentrated in the square and the park. The practice forms are organized in the practice site of the tutor station. The main motivation of the practice is to strengthen the body, prevent the treatment of diseases and improve the cultivation. Relieve mental pressure, learn channel ways to learn from family and friends and multimedia video, practice time comparison rule. The above practice features Taijiquan and other items generally tend to be similar. The difference is that Taijiquan is concentrated in the morning, the content of practice is the simplified Taijiquan routine, and the cultural level of the exerciser is quite high for other projects. Only part of the community organizes Taijiquan activities, but also lacks the management part of the unified system, and has the characteristics of loose, regional, small quantity and miniaturization. The older people who do not practice Taijiquan are mainly because there is no way of learning and no guidance, more than 80% of the people surveyed want to learn and practice Taijiquan in community-based organizations, and hope that the community can provide them with regular technical guidance and fixed range of practice. The activities of Taijiquan have problems such as imperfect organization management system, Taijiquan instructor, shortage of coaches, shortage of funds, insufficient supply and demand of active sites, insufficient awareness of the health value of Taijiquan, lack of corresponding control mechanism and so on. In view of the problems in Taijiquan activity in the old community, this paper puts forward a scheme to carry out the activities of Taijiquan in the community as the unit: the establishment of four levels of organization management organization of the people's government, the street office, the neighborhood committee and the sports activity site; The management shall be responsible to the President of the People's Republic of China and the full-time office personnel to carry out specific matters, and the active layer shall be staffed by the staff of the Station Master and the Social Sports Instructors of the mobile station; the management of human resources management, community Taijiquan activities and venue management shall be clearly defined. Specific management functions and methods of fund management and other departments. By dealing with the relationship between the community Taijiquan organization and the administrative agency, we should strengthen and improve the community's Taijiquan management system and regulation construction, and formulate the development plan and work plan of the community Taijiquan. To establish the incentive mechanism and restriction mechanism of community Taijiquan work to guarantee the success of Taijiquan activity in the community. From the aspects of organizational management, the level of Taijiquan, the way of life of the old people, the health of the old people's physique and so on, the work of the community Taijiquan activities should be evaluated, the problems and gaps can be found in time, and the modification measures should be put forward, so as to ensure the correctness and effectiveness of the scheme. To promote the healthy development of Taijiquan in the community.
【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G852.11
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，本文編號：2294793
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