【摘要】：本文綜合運用了文獻資料法、錄像拍攝法、三維錄像解析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等研究方法,用兩臺JVC-GC-P100攝像機對2016“菲普萊杯”全國田徑錦標(biāo)賽暨全運會測試賽女子鐵餅決賽現(xiàn)場進行拍攝,以參加2016“菲普萊杯”全國田徑錦標(biāo)賽暨全運會測試賽女子鐵餅決賽前8名運動員最好成績的最后用力技術(shù)特征為研究對象,對8名運動員比賽成績與最后用力的運動參數(shù)的相關(guān)性進行檢驗分析。結(jié)果表明:1.八名運動員在初始加速階段僅在個別速度指標(biāo)上有所差異,左腳著地瞬間左膝、左肩的水平速度、左肩合速度越大說明此瞬間左腳著地速度快且左側(cè)制動效果好,其投擲成績就會越好;左腳著地瞬間鐵餅向下作用力越大說明此瞬間運動員通過右側(cè)轉(zhuǎn)動帶動鐵餅向下運動效果明顯,成績就會越好,譚建和谷思雨左腳著地瞬間鐵餅水平速度與合速度與其他幾名運動員有較大的差異。8名運動員在出手瞬間右側(cè)肩關(guān)節(jié)、髖關(guān)節(jié)的水平速度以及該階段身體水平方向上速度差值越大,投擲成績就會越好。2.八名運動員在最后用力的初始加速階段角度變化有較大的差異,左腳著地瞬間左踝角的角度越小說明此瞬間運動員左側(cè)支撐較好,對投擲成績的影響越好,鐵餅運行至最低點瞬間拉引角越大身體胸肩的伸展越充分對投擲成績的影響就會越好。3.八名運動員左腳落地瞬間兩腳間距越小,兩腿夾角越小,越有利于鐵餅向前上方運動,投擲成績就會越好,最后用力的最后加速階段鐵餅的垂直向上的位移越大其投擲成績就會越好。4.最后加速所用時間越短,身體爆發(fā)力就越好,其投擲成績也就越好。其中譚建在最后用力的兩階段用時都為0.08比值為1說明其最后用力階段鐵餅速度的節(jié)奏掌握的很好。5.影響八名運動員投擲成績主要有器械的出手速度較低,器械出手角度過大,出手點較低等因素,這與其在最后用力時各個階段中身體和鐵餅的速度、角度、位移等技術(shù)以及鐵餅運行所用時間有著較大的關(guān)聯(lián)。希望通過本論文研究,從理論上,為明確運動員最后用力各項技術(shù)指標(biāo)的差異及造成投擲成績優(yōu)劣的原因提供依據(jù);在實踐上對教練員在日常訓(xùn)練以及調(diào)控運動員的訓(xùn)練過程提供參考依據(jù),對培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀的女子鐵餅運動后備競技人才具有實踐指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a comprehensive use of literature, video photography, three-dimensional video analysis, mathematical statistics and other research methods, Two JVC-GC-P100 cameras were used to film the women's discus final of the 2016 "Fipri Cup" National track and Field Championships and the National Games Test Competition. Taking the final exertion technical characteristics of the top 8 athletes in the women's discus final in the 2016 "Fipri Cup" National track and Field Championships and National Games as the research objects, The correlation between the final strength and the performance of 8 athletes was tested and analyzed. The results show that: 1. At the initial acceleration stage, the eight athletes only have some differences in the individual speed indexes. The left knee, the horizontal speed of the left shoulder and the closing speed of the left shoulder at the moment of landing on the ground of the left foot, the greater the speed of the closing of the left shoulder, the faster the landing speed of the left foot and the better the braking effect on the left side. The greater the downward force of the discus on the left foot, the better the performance of the discus downward motion will be, if the player moves down through the right side of the discus. Tan Jian and Gu Siyu had great differences between the discus horizontal speed and the speed of discus at the moment of landing on the ground with their left foot. The greater the horizontal speed of the hip and the greater the velocity difference in the horizontal direction of the body during this phase, the better the throwing results. 2. 2. The angle change of the eight athletes in the initial acceleration stage of the final force has great difference. The smaller the angle of the left ankle angle in the moment of left foot landing on the ground, the better the left support of the athlete, the better the impact on the throwing result. The bigger the pull angle of the discus running to the lowest point, the fuller the stretch of the chest and shoulder will have an effect on the throwing result. 3. 3. The smaller the distance between the two feet and the smaller the angle between the legs at the moment the eight athletes hit the ground, the more favorable it is to move the discus forward and above, and the better the result of throwing will be. The greater the vertical displacement of the discus, the better the throwing result. 4. The shorter the final acceleration, the better the body explosiveness and the better the throwing performance. Tan Jian's ratio of 0.08 in the two stages of final exertion shows that the rhythm of discus speed in the final exertion stage is very good. The main factors that affect the performance of the eight athletes in throwing are the lower speed of throwing, the greater the angle of release, the lower the point of release, etc., which is similar to the speed and angle of the body and discus in each stage of the final exertion. Displacement and other technology and discus operation time has a greater correlation. It is hoped that through the research of this paper, it can theoretically provide the basis for clarifying the differences of various technical indexes of the athletes' final exertion and the reasons for the merits and demerits of the throwing results. In practice, it provides a reference for coaches in the daily training and regulation of athletes training process, and has practical guiding significance for training excellent female discus sports reserve competitive talents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G824.2

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