【摘要】：長(zhǎng)春八極拳“騎馬式”技術(shù)又叫“地盆步”或者“騎馬步”，是八極拳最基本的步型之一，也是八極拳習(xí)練者初入門必須掌握的基本功，該動(dòng)作質(zhì)量的好壞，直接影響到八極拳各種技術(shù)動(dòng)作的穩(wěn)定性。因此，本研究通過運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)的方法，解釋八極拳“騎馬式”技術(shù)的動(dòng)作規(guī)范和動(dòng)作要領(lǐng)與意義，使八極拳的動(dòng)作學(xué)習(xí)更規(guī)范和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。這一研究也將填補(bǔ)用運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)解釋八極拳技術(shù)動(dòng)作要領(lǐng)和意義的空白，這些都將成為本研究對(duì)長(zhǎng)春八極拳研究和發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 本文采用三維影像分析法對(duì)長(zhǎng)春市八極拳協(xié)會(huì)的12名八極拳熟練者以及12名普通八極拳愛好者的“騎馬式”動(dòng)作進(jìn)行生物力學(xué)分析，，研究結(jié)果如下： 1從長(zhǎng)春八極拳“騎馬式”動(dòng)作時(shí)間特征參數(shù)上，體現(xiàn)出勁力剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)的特點(diǎn)。在動(dòng)作的開始階段，動(dòng)作相對(duì)穩(wěn)定緩慢，隨后，重心隨著右腳的邁出快速地向右移動(dòng)，當(dāng)右腳著地后，重心快速地下降，并很快達(dá)到平衡，形成穩(wěn)固地支撐， 2八極拳“騎馬式”動(dòng)作髖關(guān)節(jié)的活動(dòng)具有一定的規(guī)律性，髖關(guān)節(jié)在動(dòng)作的開始階段都是平緩地下降趨勢(shì)，而后迅速下降，達(dá)到穩(wěn)定后不再波動(dòng)。膝關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)范圍較大，是緩慢下降到快速下降進(jìn)而穩(wěn)定的過程，體現(xiàn)了剛?cè)嵯酀?jì)的特征，也保證了重心在轉(zhuǎn)移過程中的穩(wěn)定性；踝關(guān)節(jié)則具有較小幅度的波動(dòng)。 3在完成長(zhǎng)春八極拳“騎馬式”動(dòng)作過程中，軀干角的最大波動(dòng)范圍較小利于上體有效地保持直立，減少波動(dòng)。而重心的最大活動(dòng)范圍為23.8±3.44cm，重心的大幅度下降，更加有利于下肢的穩(wěn)固支撐。在完成動(dòng)作中，熟練組會(huì)有意識(shí)地做出扣腳尖的動(dòng)作，保證左右兩足足尖角都處于一個(gè)相對(duì)較小的值。
[Abstract]:The "riding style" technique of Changchun Bazhi fist is also called "ground basin step" or "riding step". It is one of the most basic types of the eight-pole boxing, and it is also the basic skill that must be mastered by the beginning practitioners of the eight-pole boxing practice. The quality of the movement is good or bad. It directly affects the stability of all kinds of technical movements of Bazhou Boxing. Therefore, through the method of sports biomechanics, this study explains the movement norm, the movement key and the significance of the "riding style" technique of the eight pole boxing, and makes the movement learning of the eight pole boxing more standardized and standardized. This study will also fill the gap in the interpretation of the technical movements of the Bhaji Boxing by sport biomechanics, which will become the practical significance and application value of this study to the research and development of Changchun Badji Boxing. In this paper, a biomechanical analysis of the "equestrian" movements of 12 octopus experts and 12 ordinary octopus fans in Changchun Bazhou Boxing Association was carried out by using three-dimensional image analysis method. The results are as follows: 1 from the time characteristic parameters of "riding style" in Changchun Bazhou Boxing, it shows the characteristics of strength and softness. At the beginning of the movement, the movement is relatively stable and slow, then the center of gravity moves quickly to the right as the right foot steps out, and when the right foot lands, the center of gravity drops quickly and quickly reaches balance. The movement of the hip joint of the "riding style" movement of the eight pole boxing has certain regularity. The hip joint in the initial stage of the action is decreasing slowly, then decreasing rapidly, and no longer fluctuating after reaching the stabilization. The knee joint has a large range of motion, which is a process of slow down to rapid decline and then stability, which embodies the characteristics of rigidity and softness, and also ensures the stability of the center of gravity in the process of transfer. In the process of "riding style" of Changchun Bazhou Boxing, the maximum fluctuation range of torso angle is smaller, which is helpful for the upper body to keep upright effectively and reduce the fluctuation. The maximum movement range of the center of gravity is 23.8 鹵3.44 cm, and the center of gravity decreases greatly, which is more conducive to the stable support of the lower extremity. In the completion of the action, the skilled group will consciously make the tiptoe action, ensuring that both left and right sharp angle is in a relatively small value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G852.1;G804.6

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