冷療對不同項目類型運動員運動疲勞恢復(fù)效果的對比研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 10:42
【摘要】：研究目的:冷水浸泡療法是目前促進機體運動后疲勞恢復(fù)的重要手段,尤其是在高強度的訓(xùn)練或比賽之后。如何能夠快速、有效的促進運動疲勞的恢復(fù)效率已經(jīng)成為國內(nèi)外高水平教練員和科研人員研究的熱點問題。本研究是針對耐力性項目和力量性項目男運動員運動后進行冷水浸泡(CWI)或被動恢復(fù)(PR)兩種方式,研究冷療對兩種項目類型運動員恢復(fù)過程的影響及比較恢復(fù)方式之間的效果差異,以期在訓(xùn)練和比賽中為教練員和科研人員選擇合適的冷療恢復(fù)方式提供參考。研究方法:本實驗采用隨機交叉自身對照設(shè)計,12名耐力性項目運動員和13名力量性項目運動員進行兩次Wingate無氧功率測試實驗,運動后即刻對運動員分別進行不同恢復(fù)方式,即安靜恢復(fù)(PR)和冷療恢復(fù)(CWI),水溫13℃、時間15min,實驗間隔時間為一周。在實驗中采集心率(HR)、血乳酸(BLA)、心輸出量(CO)、每搏輸出量(SV)、血流灌注指數(shù)(PI)、血氧飽和度(SaO2)、核心溫度(TC)、體表溫度(TS)、心率變異性(HRV)等相關(guān)生理指標(biāo),干預(yù)后對受試者進行Omega Wave綜合機能測試。數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果采用SPSS20.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行分析。研究結(jié)果:1.在心血管系統(tǒng)方面,耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的心率和血乳酸與安靜恢復(fù)相比,沒有顯著性差異(P0.05);耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的心輸出量和心指數(shù),在恢復(fù)即刻0min有顯著性差異(P0.05),力量項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的心輸出量和心指數(shù)沒有表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異;耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的血流灌注指數(shù)在恢復(fù)至第15min,與安靜恢復(fù)相比,有顯著性差異(P0.05),力量項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的血流灌注指數(shù)在恢復(fù)期0~5min,與安靜恢復(fù)相比有顯著性差異(P0.05)。2.在氧運輸系統(tǒng)方面,與安靜恢復(fù)相比,耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的血氧飽和度,在恢復(fù)至第15min時,表現(xiàn)出非常顯著性差異(P0.001);力量項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的血氧飽和度,在恢復(fù)即刻0min時有顯著性差異(P0.05)。3.在自主神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)方面,與安靜恢復(fù)相比,力量項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的高頻段功率標(biāo)化值和低頻段功率標(biāo)化值均有顯著性差異(P0.05)。4.在運動能力方面,耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)后的跳躍次數(shù)與安靜恢復(fù)相比有顯著性差異(P0.05)。5.在體溫方面,與安靜恢復(fù)相比,耐力項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的耳溫在恢復(fù)期0~3min時表現(xiàn)出非常顯著性差異(P0.01),在恢復(fù)期10~15min時,有顯著性差異(P0.01)。與安靜恢復(fù)相比,力量項目運動員冷療恢復(fù)的體表溫度在恢復(fù)期5~15min時,表現(xiàn)出顯著差異(P0.05)。研究結(jié)論:1.冷療恢復(fù)提高耐力項目運動員運動后即刻心輸出量、降低耐力運動員恢復(fù)期第15分鐘肢體末端血流灌注量和力量運動員恢復(fù)期0-7分鐘肢體末端血流灌注量,促進耐力項目運動員恢復(fù)期第15分鐘血氧飽和度恢復(fù),使機體外周的血液轉(zhuǎn)移到心臟,從而加快運動疲勞的恢復(fù)。2.冷療恢復(fù)能夠加強力量項目運動員迷走神經(jīng)活動,促進副交感神經(jīng)激活,加快運動疲勞的恢復(fù)。3.運動后即刻冷療恢復(fù)會減少耐力運動員的跳躍次數(shù),限制肌肉的運動表現(xiàn),降低運動員的運動能力。
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Cold water immersion therapy is an important means to promote the recovery of body fatigue after exercise, especially after high-intensity training or competition. How to promote the recovery efficiency of exercise fatigue quickly and effectively has become a hot issue for high-level coaches and researchers at home and abroad. To study the effect of cold therapy on the recovery process of two types of athletes and compare the effects of different methods of recovery, so as to provide coaches and researchers with appropriate methods of cold therapy recovery in training and competition. Methods: A randomized cross-over self-control design was used in this study. Twelve endurance athletes and 13 strength athletes were given two Wingate anaerobic power tests. After exercise, the athletes were immediately restored to different ways, i.e. quiet recovery (PR) and cold therapy recovery (CWI), water temperature was 13 C for 15 minutes. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLA), cardiac output (CO), stroke output (SV), blood perfusion index (PI), blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), core temperature (TC), body surface temperature (TS), heart rate variability (HRV) and other related physiological indicators were collected in the experiment. After intervention, Omega Wave comprehensive function test was performed on the subjects. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in heart rate and blood lactic acid between endurance athletes after cold treatment and restored calmness (P 0.05). There was significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between endurance athletes after cold treatment and 0 minutes after recovery (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between mobilized cold therapy recovery and cold therapy recovery. The blood perfusion index of endurance athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 15 min (P 0.05). The blood perfusion index of strength athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 0-5 min during the recovery period. Significant difference (P Systematically, there were significant differences between the high-frequency power standardization and low-frequency power standardization of strength athletes after cold therapy recovery (P 0.05). 4. In sports ability, the number of jumps after cold therapy recovery was significantly different from that of restore (P 0.05). 5. Compared with quiet recovery, the ear temperature of endurance athletes in cold treatment recovery showed very significant difference (P 0.01) at 0-3 minutes of convalescence, and significant difference (P 0.01) at 10-15 minutes of convalescence. Compared with quiet recovery, the body surface temperature of strength athletes in cold treatment recovery showed significant difference (P 0.05) at 5-15 minutes of convalescence. Conclusion: 1. Cold therapy can improve the cardiac output of endurance athletes immediately after exercise, reduce the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the 15th minute of recovery period and the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the strength athletes in the 0th to 7th minute of recovery period, promote the recovery of oxygen saturation at the 15th minute of recovery period of endurance athletes, and make the peripheral blood of the body. Liquid transfer to the heart, thus speeding up the recovery of exercise fatigue. 2. Cold therapy recovery can strengthen the strength Event Athletes vagus nerve activity, promote parasympathetic nerve activation, accelerate the recovery of exercise fatigue. 3. Immediate cold therapy recovery after exercise will reduce the number of jumps endurance athletes, limit muscle performance, reduce athletic energy. Power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.7
本文編號：2247649
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Cold water immersion therapy is an important means to promote the recovery of body fatigue after exercise, especially after high-intensity training or competition. How to promote the recovery efficiency of exercise fatigue quickly and effectively has become a hot issue for high-level coaches and researchers at home and abroad. To study the effect of cold therapy on the recovery process of two types of athletes and compare the effects of different methods of recovery, so as to provide coaches and researchers with appropriate methods of cold therapy recovery in training and competition. Methods: A randomized cross-over self-control design was used in this study. Twelve endurance athletes and 13 strength athletes were given two Wingate anaerobic power tests. After exercise, the athletes were immediately restored to different ways, i.e. quiet recovery (PR) and cold therapy recovery (CWI), water temperature was 13 C for 15 minutes. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLA), cardiac output (CO), stroke output (SV), blood perfusion index (PI), blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), core temperature (TC), body surface temperature (TS), heart rate variability (HRV) and other related physiological indicators were collected in the experiment. After intervention, Omega Wave comprehensive function test was performed on the subjects. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in heart rate and blood lactic acid between endurance athletes after cold treatment and restored calmness (P 0.05). There was significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between endurance athletes after cold treatment and 0 minutes after recovery (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between mobilized cold therapy recovery and cold therapy recovery. The blood perfusion index of endurance athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 15 min (P 0.05). The blood perfusion index of strength athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 0-5 min during the recovery period. Significant difference (P Systematically, there were significant differences between the high-frequency power standardization and low-frequency power standardization of strength athletes after cold therapy recovery (P 0.05). 4. In sports ability, the number of jumps after cold therapy recovery was significantly different from that of restore (P 0.05). 5. Compared with quiet recovery, the ear temperature of endurance athletes in cold treatment recovery showed very significant difference (P 0.01) at 0-3 minutes of convalescence, and significant difference (P 0.01) at 10-15 minutes of convalescence. Compared with quiet recovery, the body surface temperature of strength athletes in cold treatment recovery showed significant difference (P 0.05) at 5-15 minutes of convalescence. Conclusion: 1. Cold therapy can improve the cardiac output of endurance athletes immediately after exercise, reduce the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the 15th minute of recovery period and the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the strength athletes in the 0th to 7th minute of recovery period, promote the recovery of oxygen saturation at the 15th minute of recovery period of endurance athletes, and make the peripheral blood of the body. Liquid transfer to the heart, thus speeding up the recovery of exercise fatigue. 2. Cold therapy recovery can strengthen the strength Event Athletes vagus nerve activity, promote parasympathetic nerve activation, accelerate the recovery of exercise fatigue. 3. Immediate cold therapy recovery after exercise will reduce the number of jumps endurance athletes, limit muscle performance, reduce athletic energy. Power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.7
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