【摘要】：基于2022北京冬奧會(huì)的背景下,以我國速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的可持續(xù)發(fā)展為目的,對(duì)中、外優(yōu)秀青年速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員1000米不同階段速度變化特征進(jìn)行對(duì)比,檢測和診斷我國速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員體能的優(yōu)勢與缺陷,構(gòu)建速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員不同階段最佳的速度變化模式,為我國青年1000m速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員提供具有針對(duì)性的訓(xùn)練策略。以青年世界杯速度滑冰比賽中1000m速度滑冰比賽前6名的12名運(yùn)動(dòng)員(不包括中國隊(duì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員)和此次比賽中參與的6名中國青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員為測試對(duì)象。擬采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、速度解析法、對(duì)比分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法、邏輯分析法等研究分析了中、外優(yōu)秀青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員1000m不同階段的速度變化特征。研究認(rèn)為:(1)依據(jù)速度滑冰項(xiàng)目的生理學(xué)基礎(chǔ)結(jié),合1000m速度滑冰項(xiàng)目的代謝特點(diǎn),認(rèn)為當(dāng)前1000m速度滑冰項(xiàng)目的階段劃分主要有兩種,其一是將1000m劃分為前段200m、中段400m和后段400m三個(gè)階段;其二是將1000m劃分為前段500m和后段500m兩個(gè)階段;(2)中、外優(yōu)秀青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員在200-400-400階段中的速度變化的特征可以概括為,前200m階段中運(yùn)動(dòng)員速度變化大,中間400m階段速度變化平穩(wěn),后400m階段速度變化盡可能小,但中國青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員不僅表現(xiàn)出前程加速的不足,并且還表現(xiàn)出后程降速的嚴(yán)重性;(3)中國青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員在前500m階段的速度變化規(guī)律表現(xiàn)為,急加速階段、彎道過度加速階段、直道緩慢加速階段,速度變化呈間歇性急加速特征;后500m速度變化的規(guī)律表現(xiàn)為,在彎道階段速度呈快速下降,直道階段速度趨于平穩(wěn),后程降速呈階梯式下降特征;(4)國外青年運(yùn)動(dòng)員在前500m階段的速度變化規(guī)律表現(xiàn)為,起跑急加速階段、彎道持續(xù)加速階段,直-彎道緩慢加速階段,速度變化呈持續(xù)性穩(wěn)定加速特征;后程500m速度變化規(guī)律表現(xiàn)為,在彎道和直道階段盡可能控制速度下降,后程降速呈控制式下降特征。
[Abstract]:Based on the background of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, aiming at the sustainable development of the speed skating events in China, this paper makes a comparison between the Chinese and foreign outstanding young speed skaters in the different stages of the speed change of 1000 meters. To detect and diagnose the advantages and disadvantages of the physical ability of Chinese speed skaters, to construct the best speed changing mode of speed skaters in different stages, and to provide targeted training strategies for the young Chinese speed skaters at 1000m speed. 12 top 6 athletes (excluding Chinese athletes) in the 1000m speed skating competition in the Youth World Cup speed skating competition and 6 young Chinese athletes in this competition were taken as the test subjects. This paper studies and analyzes the speed variation characteristics of young Chinese and foreign elite speed skaters at different stages of 1000m by means of literature, expert interview, speed analysis, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, logic analysis, and so on. The results are as follows: (1) according to the physiological foundation of speed skating and the metabolic characteristics of 1000m speed skating, it is considered that there are two main stages of 1000m speed skating. The first is to divide 1000m into three stages: 200m in the front segment, 400m in the middle segment and 400m in the rear segment; the other is that 1000m is divided into two stages: 500m in the front segment and 500m in the rear segment; (2) the characteristics of the speed changes of the outstanding young athletes in the 200-400-400 stage can be summarized as follows: In the first 200m stage, the speed of the athletes changed greatly, the speed of the middle 400m stage changed steadily, and the speed of the latter 400m stage changed as little as possible. However, the young Chinese athletes not only showed the deficiency of the acceleration of the future. And it also shows the severity of the slow down in the later stage. (3) the speed changes of the young Chinese athletes in the first 500m stage are as follows: the rapid acceleration stage, the excessive acceleration stage of the curve track, the slow acceleration stage of the straight track, and the speed change is intermittent and rapid acceleration characteristic; The law of the speed variation of the back 500m is as follows: the velocity decreases rapidly in the curve stage, the velocity tends to be stable in the straight track stage, and the slow down speed in the later stage shows the characteristics of step descent; (4) the velocity variation law of the young athletes from abroad in the first 500m stage is as follows: The change of velocity of 500m speed at the end of the course is as follows: controlling the speed decrease as far as possible in the curve and the straight track, in the rapid acceleration stage of the starting course, in the continuous acceleration stage in the bend, in the slow acceleration stage of the straight bend, in the slow acceleration stage of the straight bend, Late-course deceleration is a controlled descent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G862.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 肖坤鵬;;青少年校外體育輔導(dǎo)現(xiàn)象解讀[J];體育文化導(dǎo)刊;2016年08期

2 肖坤鵬;孫建華;張鐵民;;發(fā)球方式對(duì)排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員視覺搜索特征影響的研究[J];天津體育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2016年04期

3 劉俊一;;論賽前減量訓(xùn)練理論及其對(duì)競技訓(xùn)練的策略[J];沈陽體育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2015年02期

4 馮慶波;;世界優(yōu)秀女子500m速滑運(yùn)動(dòng)員全程速度節(jié)奏特征[J];冰雪運(yùn)動(dòng);2015年01期

5 崔性赫;陳月亮;黃達(dá)武;;國內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀男子500m速度滑冰全程速度節(jié)奏對(duì)比研究[J];運(yùn)動(dòng);2014年13期

6 郭宇杰;孫建華;張春雷;肖坤鵬;;優(yōu)秀女子大學(xué)生排球運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧、無氧能力特征研究[J];中國體育科技;2014年01期

7 陳月亮;黃達(dá)武;;國內(nèi)外優(yōu)秀女子500m速度滑冰全程速度節(jié)奏對(duì)比研究[J];湖北理工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2013年06期

8 李芙蓉;陳月亮;吳新炎;;道次、場地條件和運(yùn)動(dòng)水平對(duì)速度滑冰女子1000m速度節(jié)奏的影響研究[J];哈爾濱體育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2013年04期

9 李文寶;;我國優(yōu)秀青年短道速滑運(yùn)動(dòng)員耐力特征的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];山東體育科技;2013年03期

10 趙晶;閆育東;;冬奧會(huì)我國參賽競技實(shí)力解析[J];體育文化導(dǎo)刊;2013年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 黃達(dá)武;優(yōu)秀女子500m速度滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)員速度節(jié)奏及專項(xiàng)力量肌肉用力特征研究[D];上海體育學(xué)院;2013年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李曉鵬;我國速度滑冰女子500m運(yùn)動(dòng)員分段速度特征研究[D];北京體育大學(xué);2014年

2 張晨;我國優(yōu)秀女子蛙泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員技術(shù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析研究[D];上海體育學(xué)院;2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：2244172