【摘要】：乒乓球競技比賽比分瞬息萬變,關(guān)鍵分處理的好壞直接關(guān)系到比賽的輸贏。通過對世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球運動員丁寧、李曉霞、劉詩雯、朱雨玲、陳夢、馮天薇、福原愛以及石川佳純比賽中不同關(guān)鍵分得分能力進行對比研究,以期找出世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球選手在關(guān)鍵分時的得分規(guī)律。本研究以世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球選手新塑料球時代自2014年世界杯至2016年里約奧運會期間國際重要比賽關(guān)鍵分數(shù)據(jù)得失分及與勝負關(guān)系為研究對象,運用文獻資料法、錄像觀察法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法及對比分析法進行研究,得出結(jié)論：1.世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球選手比賽中關(guān)鍵分得分能力均強于對手,其中,丁寧關(guān)鍵分得分能力最強,馮天薇最弱；2.八名選手總體在關(guān)鍵分局情況下不同類型關(guān)鍵分的把握能力分析方面,勝負關(guān)鍵分局中,世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球選手三類關(guān)鍵分總體得分率存在非常顯著性差異；關(guān)鍵分領(lǐng)先、平分和落后時,勝和負關(guān)鍵分局中的得分率也均存在非常顯著性差異,說明：高水平女子乒乓球競技比賽中,關(guān)鍵分得分能力越強,比賽獲勝的可能性越高。3.對三個組分別與三個類型關(guān)鍵分的把握能力及關(guān)鍵分局情況下得分能力的對比研究表明：關(guān)鍵分得分能力對三個組比賽獲勝均至關(guān)重要。具體來看,第一組,比賽中獲勝的核心因素是關(guān)鍵分平分及落后時的把握能力；第二組要獲勝需把握住關(guān)鍵分平分及領(lǐng)先時刻；而第三組比賽的獲勝受三類關(guān)鍵分把握情況的影響。4.世界優(yōu)秀女子乒乓球選手在獲勝比賽中,關(guān)鍵分平分時得分能力最強,均高于60%；中國新秀朱雨玲和陳夢代表的第二組波動較大,關(guān)鍵分領(lǐng)先和平分時得分能力在三個組表現(xiàn)最好,但在關(guān)鍵分落后時比第一、二組差10個百分點；而國外優(yōu)秀選手代表的第三組在關(guān)鍵分落后時得分能力最強：第一組選手關(guān)鍵分得分能力較為穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:The score of table tennis competition changes rapidly, and the key points are directly related to the winning or losing of the game. Through a comparative study of the world's elite women's table tennis players Ding Ning, Li Xiaoxia, Liu Shiwen, Zhu Yuling, Chen Meng, Feng Tianwei, Fukuhara and Ishikawa Chia-chun in the competition, In order to find out the world's outstanding women table tennis players in key time scoring rule. In this study, the data of the key points of the world's elite women table tennis players from the 2014 World Cup to the 2016 Rio Olympic Games and the relationship between the key points and the winning or losing points were used as the research objects. The method of literature and video observation was used to study the relationship between the key points and the outcome of the world's top women's table tennis players. The mathematical statistics method and the comparative analysis method are studied, and the conclusion is drawn: 1. The world's best women's table tennis players in the key scoring ability are better than their opponents, Ding Ning key scoring ability is the strongest, Feng Tianwei is the weakest. In the analysis of the ability of the eight players to grasp the key points of different types under the condition of the key sub-bureau, there are significant differences in the overall scoring rate of the three kinds of key points of the world's outstanding women table tennis players in the winning and losing key sub-bureaus, and the key points are leading. When the score is equal or backward, there are also very significant differences in the scoring rate of the winning and negative key sub-games, which indicates that the stronger the ability of scoring the key points in the high-level women's table tennis competition, the higher the probability of winning. The comparative study of the three groups' ability to grasp the three key points and the ability to score the key points shows that the key scoring ability is very important for the three groups to win the competition. Specifically, in the first group, the key factor of winning the competition is the ability of holding the key points and falling behind, the second group needs to grasp the key points and the leading time to win. And the third group's victory is affected by three kinds of key points. The best women's table tennis players in the world scored the strongest points when they won the competition, each higher than 60. The second group represented by Chinese rookie Zhu Yuling and Chen Meng fluctuated greatly. The ability of leading and time sharing in key points was the best in the three groups, but it was 10 percentage points worse than that in the first and second groups when the key score was behind. The third group represented by the foreign elite players has the strongest scoring ability when the key points lag behind: the first group of key score ability is more stable.
【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G845

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