【摘要】：撓羊摔跤俗稱“撓羊賽”,盛行于現(xiàn)在的山西忻州地區(qū),距今已有800多年的歷史,是集表演、娛樂(lè)、健身、競(jìng)技等活動(dòng)特征于一體的民間傳統(tǒng)體育項(xiàng)目。它以廣泛的群眾基礎(chǔ)、獨(dú)特的技術(shù)和規(guī)則享譽(yù)國(guó)內(nèi)外,但隨著社會(huì)的變遷,撓羊摔跤的傳承面臨危機(jī)。本文選取撓羊摔跤的傳承模式為研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、實(shí)地考察發(fā)、邏輯分析法等研究方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究,得出以下結(jié)論:1.在春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期山西忻州地區(qū)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)摔跤項(xiàng)目,南宋時(shí)期形成了撓羊摔跤,元朝時(shí)期撓羊摔跤進(jìn)入快速發(fā)展時(shí)期,從而流傳至今。2.撓羊摔跤是一項(xiàng)具有獨(dú)特規(guī)則民間體育項(xiàng)目,規(guī)則的獨(dú)特性使其形成獨(dú)特的抱腿技術(shù)。3.現(xiàn)階段撓羊摔跤的傳承模式有家族傳承、師徒傳承、廟會(huì)傳承、村落傳承、學(xué)校傳承、賽事傳承等。4.通過(guò)對(duì)撓羊摔跤傳承模式的研究,現(xiàn)階段它們都在不同程度上促進(jìn)了撓羊摔跤的傳承,但同時(shí)也存在不足。家族傳承和師徒傳承因社會(huì)變遷與自身局限性而不能進(jìn)行大規(guī)模推廣,對(duì)現(xiàn)階段撓羊摔跤傳承起到的作用有限;廟會(huì)傳承和村落傳承是撓羊摔跤的群眾基礎(chǔ)所在,但客觀因素導(dǎo)致其走向沒(méi)落是不可避免的;學(xué)校傳承存在投入單一等問(wèn)題;賽事傳承存在舉辦時(shí)間隨機(jī)性較大、缺乏延續(xù)性以及影響力等不足。5.學(xué)校傳承擁有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì),提高了撓羊摔跤的傳承效率,為其培養(yǎng)了大量的后備人才,可促進(jìn)其大規(guī)模傳承,應(yīng)進(jìn)行大力推廣;基于當(dāng)下的社會(huì)環(huán)境,賽事傳承與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代相適應(yīng),不但擴(kuò)大了撓羊摔跤的知名度與影響力,且創(chuàng)造了經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,更為其傳承注入了新的活力,適合在當(dāng)下大力推廣。針對(duì)撓羊摔跤傳承模式中存在的問(wèn)題,提出以下5點(diǎn)建議:1.通過(guò)媒體宣傳和賽事擴(kuò)大撓羊摔跤世家在忻州地區(qū)的影響力,申請(qǐng)相關(guān)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)助,壯實(shí)世家的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力,使其能繼續(xù)傳承。鼓勵(lì)“撓羊漢”開(kāi)設(shè)撓羊摔跤俱樂(lè)部和舉辦撓羊摔跤研討會(huì)、技術(shù)交流等活動(dòng),加強(qiáng)不同譜系之間的交流,使其發(fā)展壯大。2.增加廟會(huì)中撓羊摔跤活動(dòng)的趣味性,除表演環(huán)節(jié)之外鼓勵(lì)游客與觀眾參與,體驗(yàn)其獨(dú)特魅力。各村落的村長(zhǎng)定期舉辦撓羊摔跤活動(dòng),并通過(guò)給予一定的物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來(lái)激發(fā)村民參與的積極性。3.學(xué)校定期舉辦關(guān)于撓羊摔跤的知識(shí)講座與實(shí)踐活動(dòng),成立撓羊摔跤社團(tuán),并通過(guò)宣傳提高家長(zhǎng)對(duì)撓羊摔跤的認(rèn)識(shí)和學(xué)生的練習(xí)興趣。4.相關(guān)部門制定保障舉辦撓羊摔跤賽事的政策與制度,將政府支持和民間號(hào)召相結(jié)合,大力激發(fā)民間組織的自主能力,定期舉辦具有影響力的賽事。5.鼓勵(lì)民間組織開(kāi)發(fā)與撓羊摔跤相關(guān)的賽事、電視節(jié)目、培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播等產(chǎn)業(yè),使撓羊摔跤項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造更大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,從而使其更好地適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代大環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:It is popular in Xinzhou area, Shanxi Province. It has a history of more than 800 years. It is a traditional folk sports event with the characteristics of performance, entertainment, fitness and athletics. It is famous at home and abroad for its broad mass base, unique technology and rules, but with the change of society, the inheritance of scratching sheep wrestling faces crisis. In this paper, the inheritance model of scratch-sheep wrestling is chosen as the research object, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1: 1 by using the methods of literature, expert interview, field investigation, logic analysis, etc. In the Spring and Autumn and warring States period in Xinzhou, Shanxi Province has appeared wrestling projects, the Southern Song Dynasty, the formation of sheep wrestling, Yuan Dynasty wrestling into a rapid development period, thus spread to today's .2. Scratching sheep wrestling is a folk sports event with unique rules, and the unique rules make it form a unique leg holding technique. 3. At the present stage, the inheritance mode of goat wrestling includes family inheritance, master inheritance, temple fair inheritance, village inheritance, school inheritance, event inheritance and so on. 4. Through the research on the inheritance mode of goat wrestling, at present, they all promote the inheritance of goat wrestling to varying degrees, but there are also some shortcomings at the same time. Owing to the social changes and their limitations, family inheritance and teacher inheritance cannot be promoted on a large scale, which plays a limited role in the inheritance of goat wrestling at the present stage. The inheritance of temple fair and village is the mass foundation of goat wrestling. But it is inevitable that the objective factors lead to its decline; the school inheritance has the problem of single input; the event inheritance has the randomness of the time, lack of continuity and influence. 5. School heritage has its unique advantages, improve the transmission efficiency of sheep wrestling, cultivate a large number of reserve talent, can promote its large-scale inheritance, should be vigorously promoted; based on the current social environment, The event inheritance adapts to the era of market economy, which not only expands the popularity and influence of scratching sheep wrestling, but also creates economic benefits, and injects new vigor into its inheritance, which is suitable for popularizing in the present. Aiming at the problems existing in the inheritance mode of scratching sheep wrestling, this paper puts forward the following five suggestions: 1. Through the media publicity and competition to expand the impact of Rao sheep wrestling family in Xinzhou area, apply for relevant national economic subsidies, strong family economic strength, so that it can continue to pass on. To encourage the "sheep wrestling" to set up a wrestling club and to hold wrestling seminars, technical exchanges and other activities, to strengthen the exchange between different genealogy, so that it can grow. 2. To increase the fun of scratching sheep wrestling in temple fair, besides performing links, to encourage tourists and spectators to participate, and to experience its unique charm. Village leaders regularly organize wrestling activities, and by giving a certain amount of material reward to stimulate the enthusiasm of villagers to participate. 3. The school regularly organizes knowledge lectures and practical activities on goat wrestling, sets up a sheep wrestling association, and promotes parents' understanding of goat wrestling and students' interest in practice through publicity. The relevant departments have formulated policies and systems to ensure the holding of Ram wrestling events, combining government support with folk calls, vigorously stimulating the autonomous ability of civil organizations, and holding regular and influential events .5. To encourage non-governmental organizations to develop related sports events, television programs, training institutions, webcast and other industries, so as to create greater economic benefits and make them better adapt to the great environment of the market economy era.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G886.2

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