【摘要】：《全民健身計劃綱要》自1995年頒布實施,群眾體育事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展,全民健身不斷深入人心并上升為國家戰(zhàn)略。參與體育鍛煉已經(jīng)成為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠�。空氣污染日益加重、人口老齡化加劇、體育鍛煉場地不足等問題凸顯,催生了體育與綠色的結(jié)合——公園體育。在公園內(nèi)有組織的體育健身團隊也隨之產(chǎn)生并逐漸發(fā)展,成為基層體育組織中最為基礎(chǔ)的一個環(huán)節(jié)。因此對公園中出現(xiàn)的體育健身團隊進行研究就顯得尤為重要和必要。但是,目前現(xiàn)有文獻對此進行的研究無論從深度還是廣度上來說還有待提高。以北京市玉淵潭公園體育健身團隊為研究對象,將公園的45個體育健身團隊作為調(diào)查對象。采用文獻資料法回溯關(guān)于公園體育和健身團隊的文獻,通過訪談法對玉淵潭公園體育健身團隊負(fù)責(zé)人和部分成員進行深度訪談,了解團隊基本情況、發(fā)展?fàn)顩r與問題。研究體育健身團隊在形成時間,每日活動時間,主要組織形式,開展項目,參與者年齡、性別等方面的特點,利用邏輯分析法對整體情況和選取的3個有代表性的體育健身團隊進行更加深入的個案分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):玉淵潭公園體育健身團隊成立于1993年—2013年之間,“非典”以后和2008年北京奧運會前后是成立的集中時間。以自發(fā)形成為主要方式。40人以下是大多是健身團隊的狀態(tài),集中于上午開展活動,以健身操(舞)、太極為主要運動形式。團隊中女性多于男性。社會體育指導(dǎo)員只存在于注冊在體育協(xié)會的健身團隊中,團隊核心人物由創(chuàng)建者或運動技能較高的人員擔(dān)任。公園體育健身團隊的經(jīng)費來源有三種方式:政府以獎代償;成員繳納團費;參加比賽獲得的獎金。健身愛好者因為想要強身健體、居住在公園附近、退休后余暇時間增多這些因素,建立并推動了玉淵潭公園健身團隊形成。場地的局限性是健身團隊發(fā)展的最大障礙。也有缺少專業(yè)性、針對性強的指導(dǎo)人員;公園、街道、體育部門等方面的多元支持貧乏問題。最后提出如下建議:基層行政部門延伸服務(wù)范圍。對轄區(qū)內(nèi)健身團隊的進行基本信息登記、服務(wù)與扶持;公園管理處向健身愛好者提供便利服務(wù);體育部門與公園管理部門加強聯(lián)系,在公園內(nèi)宣傳健身常識和科學(xué)的健身指導(dǎo)方法。積極組織健身團隊交流展示會、開展體質(zhì)監(jiān)測、動作技能培訓(xùn)等活動;加大對健身團隊核心人物或體育積極分子的培訓(xùn)力度與頻度,鼓勵更多自發(fā)型健身團隊成員申請指導(dǎo)員資格;開辟多方經(jīng)費支持途徑。
[Abstract]:The outline of the National Fitness Program has been promulgated since 1995, and the mass sports has been flourishing, and the national fitness has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and become a national strategy. Participation in physical exercise has become a part of people's daily life. Air pollution is getting worse, population aging is getting worse, physical training space is insufficient and so on, which gives birth to the combination of sports and green-park sports. The organized sports and fitness team in the park also emerged and gradually developed, becoming the most basic link in the grass-roots sports organizations. Therefore, it is particularly important and necessary to study the sports and fitness team in the park. However, the current literature on this issue needs to be improved both in depth and breadth. Taking the sports fitness team of Yuyuantan Park in Beijing as the research object, 45 sports fitness teams in the park were investigated. The literature about park sports and fitness team was retrospected by the method of literature data, and the leaders and some members of the sports and fitness team of Yuyuantan Park were interviewed in depth through interviews to understand the basic situation, development and problems of the team. To study the characteristics of physical fitness teams in terms of formation time, daily activity time, main organizational forms, development projects, participants' age, gender, etc. Using the logic analysis method to analyze the whole situation and the three representative sports and fitness teams. The study found that the sports and fitness team of Yuyuantan Park was established between 1993 and 2013, and the time after SARS and before and after the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was set up. Taking spontaneous formation as the main way. 40 people are mostly the state of fitness team, concentrated in the morning activities, to aerobics (dance), Taiji as the main form of exercise. There are more women than men in the team. The social sports instructor only exists in the fitness team registered in the sports association. The core character of the team is the founder or the person with high sports skills. There are three sources of funding for the sports and fitness team in the park: the government compensates for the award, the members pay the tour fee and the prize for participating in the competition. Fitness enthusiasts because they want to get fit, live near the park, retirement time increased these factors, set up and promote the formation of a fitness team in Yuyuantan Park. The limitation of the field is the biggest obstacle to the development of the fitness team. There are also the lack of professional, targeted guidance staff; parks, streets, sports departments and other aspects of multiple support poverty. Finally, the following suggestions are put forward: the basic administrative departments extend the scope of service. Registration of basic information, services and support for fitness teams within the jurisdiction; provision of convenient services by the Park Management Office to fitness enthusiasts; strengthening of contacts between sports departments and park management departments, In the park to promote general knowledge and scientific fitness guidance. Actively organize fitness team exchanges and exhibitions, carry out physical fitness monitoring, movement skills training and other activities; increase the training intensity and frequency of fitness team core figures or sports activists, Encourage more self-styled fitness team members to apply for instructor qualifications; open up multiple funding support channels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G812.4

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