【摘要】：國家的發(fā)展離不開人,社會發(fā)展的動力來源于人,人的能量基礎來源于健康,談到健康就離不開國民體質(zhì)的變化。成年人是一個國家建設的中流砥柱,成年人的健康在一定程度上體現(xiàn)了一個國家的生產(chǎn)力,因此,研究成年人體質(zhì)的變化及影響因素是具有一定意義的。通過分析天津市成年人體質(zhì)的變化,掌握天津市成年人體質(zhì)變化規(guī)律及因素,為今后全民健身的開展及為政府相關部門的決策提供一定的參考依據(jù)。本文以天津市第四次國民體質(zhì)監(jiān)測成年人數(shù)據(jù)為基礎數(shù)據(jù)庫進行分析,主要采用文獻資料法、測量法、邏輯分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等研究方法,通過對天津市成年人體質(zhì)監(jiān)測結果的研究,從性別,不同工作種類、城鄉(xiāng)之間多角度全面分析成年人身體素質(zhì)、身體形態(tài)、身體機能等各監(jiān)測指標現(xiàn)狀,同時結合2000年到2010年前三次天津市成年人體質(zhì)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),分析四次成年人體質(zhì)的變化趨勢;多角度的分析成年人體質(zhì)與受教育程度、職業(yè)類型、鍛煉情況、公共鍛煉設施等因素的關系,得出研究結論并提出相應的對策與建議。研究結果:1、成年人身體形態(tài)各項指標監(jiān)測結果具有性別差異、城鄉(xiāng)差異、年齡差異,50歲前成年人的充實度、體脂率呈持續(xù)增長趨勢;2、天津市成年人心肺功能隨年齡增長而逐漸降低,主要表現(xiàn)在血壓升高,肺活量降低等方面;且表現(xiàn)出性別差異和工作種類差異,其中男性的血壓都高于女性,男女的肺活量均表現(xiàn)為城市非體力勞動者高于城市體力勞動者;3、成年人身體素質(zhì)方面呈現(xiàn)出隨年齡的增長而下降趨勢,城鄉(xiāng)、性別方面也呈現(xiàn)相同的態(tài)勢,力量素質(zhì)中的握力、背力等變化程度較小,其維持在最高峰的時間較長。反映平衡能力、反應能力的閉眼單腳站立、選擇反應時等指標,表現(xiàn)出城鎮(zhèn)非體力勞動者人群高于城鎮(zhèn)體力勞動者;4、天津市成年人綜合評價結果與往年相比合格率有所提高,且高于全國平均水平;5、天津市成年人體質(zhì)變化的影響因素與性別、不同工作種類、年齡等因素有關;6、天津市成年人體質(zhì)變化與受教育程度、體育鍛煉補貼、生活方式、參加體育鍛煉情況等因素有關。
[Abstract]:The development of the country can not be separated from man, the power of social development comes from man, and the energy base of human comes from health. When it comes to health, the change of national constitution is indispensable. Adults are the mainstay of national construction, and the health of adults reflects the productivity of a country to a certain extent. Therefore, it is of certain significance to study the changes of adult physique and the influencing factors. By analyzing the changes of the adult physique in Tianjin, we can master the law and factors of the change of the adult physique in Tianjin, and provide a certain reference basis for the development of the national fitness and the decision-making of the relevant government departments in the future. Based on the data base of the fourth National physique Monitoring in Tianjin, this paper mainly adopts the methods of literature, measurement, logic analysis, mathematical statistics and so on. Through the study of the results of adult physique monitoring in Tianjin, the present situation of adult physical fitness, body shape, body function and other monitoring indexes were analyzed comprehensively from gender, different types of work, and between urban and rural areas. At the same time, according to the monitoring data of adult physique in Tianjin from 2000 to 2010, the change trend of adult physique is analyzed four times, and the level of adult physique and education, occupation type, exercise condition are analyzed from many angles. The relationship between public exercise facilities and other factors, draw the conclusion of the study and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. Results: 1. The monitoring results of body shape indexes of adults had sex difference, urban and rural difference, age difference and the enrichment degree of adults before 50 years old. The rate of body fat increased continuously. The cardiopulmonary function of the adults in Tianjin decreased gradually with the increase of age, mainly in the aspects of increased blood pressure and decreased vital capacity, and showed the difference of sex and type of work. The blood pressure of male is higher than that of female, the vital capacity of male and female is higher than that of urban manual worker, and the physical quality of adult is decreasing with the increase of age. Gender also showed the same situation, grip strength, back strength and other changes in the strength of the quality of the degree of change, it remained in the peak of a longer time. The indexes such as balance ability and reaction ability, such as standing on one foot with closed eyes and selecting reaction time, showed that the number of urban non-manual workers was higher than that of urban manual workers, and the qualified rate of Tianjin adult comprehensive evaluation was higher than that of previous years. And above the national average level of 5, Tianjin adult physique change factors and gender, different types of work, age and other factors related to Tianjin adult physique changes and education level, sports training subsidies, lifestyle, etc. Participation in physical exercise and other factors related.
【學位授予單位】：天津體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.49

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