【摘要】：本文利用三維球體軌跡重建系統(tǒng)分析的高效性、易操作性、方便性的特點(diǎn),在單個(gè)攝像機(jī)的固定標(biāo)記下,為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)分析乒乓球球體飛行速度與落點(diǎn)及技戰(zhàn)術(shù)運(yùn)用提供新的支持。選取2014年國(guó)際乒聯(lián)世界巡回賽成都公開賽中的26場(chǎng)比賽(12場(chǎng)男子單打比賽、14場(chǎng)女子單打比賽)作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,運(yùn)用比賽中運(yùn)動(dòng)員回合終拍的球體飛行速度與落點(diǎn)作為研究對(duì)象,為了更好、更快的完善賽場(chǎng)上技戰(zhàn)術(shù)分配與實(shí)施而進(jìn)行球體飛行速度與落點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析研究。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、錄像分析法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法等方法對(duì)男、女運(yùn)動(dòng)員的球體飛行速度特征、相同球體落點(diǎn)與終拍技術(shù)的球體飛行速度特征、男女運(yùn)動(dòng)員近網(wǎng)區(qū)、中區(qū)、底線區(qū)的終拍球體飛行速度比較以及球體飛行速度對(duì)相同球體落點(diǎn)與男、女失分運(yùn)動(dòng)員站位的受迫性失誤差異性比較進(jìn)行分析研究。通過分析探究,本文得出的研究結(jié)論如下:1.通過利用單個(gè)攝像機(jī)在比賽場(chǎng)內(nèi)標(biāo)記下,運(yùn)用三維球體軌跡重建系統(tǒng)能夠較為準(zhǔn)確的測(cè)試出場(chǎng)上運(yùn)動(dòng)員在回合中每一板球的球體飛行的水平速度,可以很好為臨場(chǎng)的教練員與運(yùn)動(dòng)員在賽場(chǎng)上迅速地反饋提供必要的技戰(zhàn)術(shù)應(yīng)對(duì)措施。2.男、女運(yùn)動(dòng)員在乒乓球比賽中的球體飛行速度特點(diǎn)均以低速球(小于7米/秒)與中速球(小于15米/秒)為主,而大于15米/秒的高速球占極少數(shù),呈現(xiàn)出運(yùn)動(dòng)員在激烈的比賽中不會(huì)讓對(duì)手擁有太多的扣殺以及挑打的機(jī)會(huì)來提高球速而獲得回合勝利。3.不同的球體落點(diǎn)區(qū)域以及終拍技術(shù),其球體飛行速度與落點(diǎn)會(huì)發(fā)揮出不一樣的得分效果。4.近網(wǎng)區(qū)多為發(fā)球、擺短技術(shù)實(shí)行的有效區(qū)域,運(yùn)動(dòng)員必須控制球體速度、落點(diǎn)以及身體動(dòng)作才能使該回合進(jìn)攻更具威脅性。而中區(qū)多以拉攻、挑打、扣殺等強(qiáng)進(jìn)攻性的技術(shù)為主,得分的第一要素是球體飛行速度較快,使運(yùn)動(dòng)員處于被動(dòng)回接球狀態(tài)。另外,底線區(qū)的特點(diǎn)是落點(diǎn)刁鉆、球體飛行弧線長(zhǎng)和低,運(yùn)動(dòng)員可以最大幅度的提高擊球力量,球速過快造成對(duì)手措手不及。5.在1-反手位因?yàn)槟凶舆\(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中多以兇狠搏殺、力求主動(dòng)占據(jù)上風(fēng),在尋求不同的落點(diǎn)壓制對(duì)方并且加上較快的球體飛行速度而迫使對(duì)方造成不必要的失誤。2-中路由于男子運(yùn)動(dòng)員力量素質(zhì)方面都優(yōu)于女運(yùn)動(dòng)員和在比賽中球路以及速度等變化較多與女子運(yùn)動(dòng)員平緩的保持于相持狀態(tài)的差別有關(guān)。6.由于球體落點(diǎn)的調(diào)動(dòng)以及球體飛行速度較快,失分運(yùn)動(dòng)員站位為1-反手位時(shí),女子運(yùn)動(dòng)員的球體平均速度較快的原因是雙方相持板數(shù)較多,且以近臺(tái)左右調(diào)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換為主要,球體飛行距離短、弧線低及速度快。
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristics of high efficiency, easy operation and convenient analysis of 3D ball trajectory reconstruction system, this paper provides a new support for analyzing the flying speed and landing point of table tennis ball and the application of technique and tactics under the fixed mark of a single camera. In this paper, 26 events (12 men's singles and 14 women's singles) in the 2014 Chengdu Open World Table Tennis Tour are selected as the experimental objects, and the flying speed and landing point of the players' final shot in the round are used as the research objects. In order to improve the distribution and implementation of techniques and tactics on the field, the statistical analysis of ball flying speed and landing point was carried out. In this paper, the characteristics of ball flying speed of male and female athletes, the characteristics of ball flying speed of the same ball landing point and final shooting technique, the near net area and the middle area of male and female athletes are analyzed by the methods of literature, video analysis, mathematical statistics and so on. The comparison of final shot ball flying velocity and ball flying velocity in the bottom line area and the comparison of forced error difference between male and female athletes with the same ball landing point were carried out. By analyzing and exploring, the conclusion of this paper is as follows: 1. By using a single camera marked in the field and using a three-dimensional ball track reconstruction system, the horizontal speed of the players' ball flying in each turn of the game can be measured more accurately. It can provide necessary technical and tactical measures for coaches and athletes on the field to feedback quickly. 2. The characteristics of ball flying speed of male and female players in table tennis are mainly low speed ball (less than 7 m / s) and medium speed ball (less than 15 m / s), while high speed ball more than 15 m / s is rare. It shows that players don't give their opponents too many knockoffs and pick-up opportunities to improve the speed of the game and win the round. 3. With different sphere impact areas and final shot techniques, the ball flying speed and landing point will play a different scoring effect. 4. In order to make the round attack more threatening, the player must control the ball speed, the landing point and the body action in order to make the round attack more threatening. In the central area, the most important technique is to attack, pick, smash and so on. The first factor of scoring is the fast flying speed of the ball, which makes the player in the state of passive return and catch the ball. In addition, the bottom line is characterized by the point of difficulty, ball flying arc long and low, the player can maximize the strength of the ball, too fast ball caused the opponent caught off guard. 5. In the 1- backhand position because male athletes fight more ferociously in the competition and try to gain the upper hand on their own initiative, In seeking different landing points to suppress each other and add faster ball flying speed to force the other side to make unnecessary mistakes. 2- because the strength quality of male athletes is superior to that of female athletes and in the course of the game; and The change of speed and so on is related to the difference of the female athletes to maintain the holding state. 6. 6. Because of the movement of the ball falling point and the fast flying speed of the ball, the average speed of the female athlete's sphere is faster when the position is 1- backhand position, the reason is that the number of the two sides holding plates is more, and the movement from the near platform to the left and right is converted to the main one. The sphere has short flying distance, low arc and high speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G846

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