本文選題：英式橄欖球 + 有氧供能　； 參考：《天津體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景:我國橄欖球于1928年開始發(fā)展。奉天中學(xué)橄欖球隊(duì)是我國第一只橄欖球隊(duì)。目前我國橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)以英式七人制橄欖球?yàn)橹髑铱焖侔l(fā)展,但從能量系統(tǒng)角度的研究較國外少。通過查閱文獻(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)目前我國僅有一篇關(guān)于橄欖球能量代謝的文章,并且是綜述形式的,這篇文章并未說明是針對七人制橄欖球的研究還是十五人制橄欖球的研究。目前關(guān)于橄欖球能量代謝方面的研究在我國幾乎是零,我國亟待這方面的研究。研究目的:通過測量橄欖球隊(duì)員的無氧供能、糖酵解供能、有氧供能的能力以及血乳酸閾等指標(biāo)來觀察橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員能量供應(yīng)的情況;對比前后鋒在供能特點(diǎn)上的差異。結(jié)合加速度計(jì)與視頻分析橄欖球比賽中橄欖球隊(duì)員主要需要的供能方式。探究前后鋒供能的特點(diǎn)是否符合比賽中能量的需求;探索一種符合橄欖球?qū)ｍ?xiàng)的簡便有效的有氧供能的現(xiàn)場測定法。與國外英式七人制橄欖球做比較,找出自身不足。研究方法:本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究對象為英式七人制橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,共計(jì)14名,前鋒8名,后鋒6名,來自天津市橄欖球隊(duì),運(yùn)動(dòng)員水平均為健將水平。通過對磷酸原供能、糖酵解供能、有氧能力進(jìn)行測試,結(jié)合加速度計(jì)與對比賽的視頻分析來觀察前鋒、后鋒在比賽中的供能需求。將Conconi場地測試與最大攝氧量進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,探究能否代替最大攝氧量來評定橄欖球隊(duì)員的最大攝氧量,最后對比國內(nèi)外的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),找出國內(nèi)外隊(duì)員之間的差距。研究結(jié)果:前鋒隊(duì)員的身高與體重均要大于后鋒隊(duì)員(P0.05),對年齡的統(tǒng)計(jì)中無顯著性差異。前鋒隊(duì)員的身高比后鋒高約9.33cm,體重高11.33Kg。在磷酸原測試中,前鋒的縱跳能力、下肢磷酸原供能、沖刺能力、要強(qiáng)于后鋒隊(duì)員;糖酵解測試中上下肢無氧功,均要強(qiáng)于后鋒隊(duì)員,400米測試中前鋒隊(duì)員的血乳酸峰值要高于后鋒隊(duì)員0.24mmol;有氧供能測試中,后鋒隊(duì)員的相對最大攝氧量高于前鋒7.29 ml/min/kg,運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度也要高于前鋒隊(duì)員2.06MET;血乳酸閾值后鋒出現(xiàn)的較晚,比前鋒隊(duì)員高出0.57mmol,,Conconi場地測試中后鋒的心率騙折點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的比前鋒隊(duì)員晚400米,后鋒隊(duì)員運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間也要比前鋒隊(duì)員長。綜合三場比賽的能量消耗發(fā)現(xiàn),上半場時(shí)后鋒上肢比前鋒能量消耗高出9.13kcal,1.19MET,下肢高出14.37kcals,2.53MET;下半場中后鋒的上肢比前鋒高出10.49kcal,0.9MET,下肢高出18.98kcal,1.47MET。比賽中上半場沖刺、攔截次數(shù)均產(chǎn)生下降,磷酸原、糖酵解供能產(chǎn)生下降。Conconi場地測試中拐點(diǎn)心率與相對最大攝氧量做相關(guān)性分析,其相關(guān)性為0.767。研究結(jié)論我國橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員三大能源供應(yīng)系統(tǒng)中無氧供能在比賽中作用較大,此次測試為國內(nèi)第一次對優(yōu)秀橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員供能系統(tǒng)的測試,我國橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的磷酸原供能下肢高于上肢,前鋒高于后鋒,糖酵解供能中前鋒強(qiáng)于后鋒,而有氧能力前后鋒的表現(xiàn)均不佳,有氧能力相比于國外水平較差。國內(nèi)的橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)員能量的供應(yīng)符合能量的需求,但供應(yīng)方面略顯不足,應(yīng)對三大供能系統(tǒng)加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練。在橄欖球隊(duì)員的有氧能力測試中,采用最多的仍然還是最大攝氧量這一精準(zhǔn)的測試方法,但在日常訓(xùn)練中具有一定的局限性,本研究通過將Conconi場地測試與最大攝氧量做相關(guān)回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn)將此方法設(shè)為評定隊(duì)員的有氧能力不失為一種好的方法。我國橄欖球隊(duì)員在體型上偏瘦,應(yīng)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的增重,無論是前鋒還是后鋒隊(duì)員,在速度上較國際運(yùn)動(dòng)員較低,在速度上都具備很大的發(fā)展空間。
[Abstract]:Research background: our country Rugby began to develop in 1928. Fengtian middle school rugby team is the first rugby team in China. At present, our country Rugby sport is based on British style seven rugby ball and develops rapidly, but the research from the angle of energy system is less than that of foreign countries. The article of metabolism, and the form of the review, does not indicate the study of the seven man rugby or the study of the fifteen man rugby. At present, the research on the energy metabolism of rugby is almost zero in our country. Our country needs this research. To observe the energy supply of rugby players, compare the energy supply of rugby players with the ability of fermentation, aerobic energy supply and blood lactate threshold, and compare the difference between front and back front in the energy supply characteristics. Energy demand; explore a simple and effective method of field determination of the simple and effective aerobic energy supply for rugby. Compare with foreign English seven man rugby ball, find out its own shortcomings. Research method: the research object is the British seven man rugby player, a total of 14, 8 forward, 6 back forward, from the Tianjin football team, sports The level of the staff is the level of the gym. Through the test of the phosphate energy supply, glycolysis energy supply, aerobic capacity, and the video analysis of the accelerometer and the game, the power supply demand of the forward and the back forward in the competition is observed. The correlation between the Conconi site test and the maximum oxygen uptake is analyzed to explore whether the maximum oxygen uptake can be used to evaluate the olive. The difference between the height and weight of the forward players is greater than that of the back forward (P0.05). There is no significant difference in age statistics. The height of the forward player is about 9.33cm higher than the back front, and the height of the forward team is 11.33Kg. in the phosphate test, The power of the forward jump, the power of phosphoric acid supply and the sprint ability of the lower extremities, is stronger than the back forward, and the upper and lower oxygen free work in the glycolysis test is better than the back forward, the peak of blood lactic acid of the forward players in the 400 meter test is higher than the back forward 0.24mmol; in the aerobic energy testing, the relative maximum oxygen uptake of the back forward is higher than the forward 7.29 ml/min/k. G, the movement intensity is also higher than the forward player 2.06MET; the blood lactic acid threshold back forward appears late, higher than the forward players 0.57mmol, Conconi field test in the center of heart rate cheating point 400 meters later than forward players, the back forward movement time is longer than the forward players. The energy consumption of the comprehensive three games, the first half of the time after the discovery, the first half of the time after the The upper limb is higher than the forward energy consumption of 9.13kcal, 1.19MET, and lower extremity higher 14.37kcals, 2.53MET; the upper limb in the second half is higher than the forward 10.49kcal, 0.9MET, the lower limb is higher than the 18.98kcal, the first half sprint in the 1.47MET. competition, the number of interceptors decrease, the phosphoric acid, glycolysis supply can produce the decrease of the heart rate in the.Conconi site test. The correlation analysis is related to the relative maximum oxygen uptake, and its correlation is 0.767. research conclusion that the three major energy supply system of our rugby players is more effective in the competition. This test is the first test for the energy supply system of excellent rugby players in China. The original phosphate supply of Chinese rugby players can be higher than the lower extremities. In the upper limb, the striker is higher than the back forward. The front front of the glycolysis power forward is stronger than the back front, and the performance of the front and back front of the aerobic capacity is not good. The aerobic capacity is inferior to the foreign level. The energy supply of the domestic football players is in line with the energy demand, but the supply aspect is slightly insufficient. The three major power supply systems should be trained. In the test of oxygen capacity, the most accurate method is still the maximum oxygen uptake, but it has some limitations in the daily training. This study shows that it is a good way to evaluate the aerobic capacity of the players by the correlation regression analysis of the Conconi site test and the maximum oxygen uptake. The rugby ball players are thinner in body size, and should carry on the corresponding weight gain, both the forward and the back forward, which are lower in speed than the international players, and have a great development space in speed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G849.2

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