本文選題：武術(shù)散打 + 新規(guī)則�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著各種武術(shù)散打賽事的相繼推出,散打競(jìng)技水平不斷提高,從而刺激著競(jìng)賽規(guī)則的日趨完善。競(jìng)賽規(guī)則是運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)發(fā)展的指揮棒,具有導(dǎo)向作用,反過(guò)來(lái)技術(shù)的發(fā)展又促使規(guī)則的不斷完善,兩者既統(tǒng)一又矛盾,始終存在著相互制約,相互影響的關(guān)系。規(guī)則要依據(jù)技術(shù)發(fā)展的需要適當(dāng)修改與補(bǔ)充,規(guī)則修改要有利于技術(shù)的發(fā)展�，F(xiàn)今的比賽,由于新規(guī)則的出臺(tái)引領(lǐng)著一場(chǎng)技術(shù)的革新,運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中尤其是高水平比賽中,使用多招組合攻防早已是普遍現(xiàn)象。但是由于散打比賽開(kāi)展的時(shí)間短,有關(guān)組合動(dòng)作方面的研究還很欠缺,對(duì)組合動(dòng)作的運(yùn)用和發(fā)展形成了一定的阻礙。本文以2014年全國(guó)男子武術(shù)散打錦標(biāo)賽,進(jìn)入前四強(qiáng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員中11個(gè)級(jí)別28場(chǎng)58局的散打比賽為研究對(duì)象。通過(guò)收集散打技術(shù)方面的文獻(xiàn)資料和專(zhuān)業(yè)期刊的有關(guān)散打技術(shù)運(yùn)用、統(tǒng)計(jì)等方面的論文及武術(shù)散打最新競(jìng)賽規(guī)則作為本研究的理論支撐。走訪有代表性的部分武術(shù)專(zhuān)家,依據(jù)新規(guī)則對(duì)散打得分的常用組合動(dòng)作進(jìn)行確定和篩選,及針對(duì)比賽時(shí)組合運(yùn)用的時(shí)間和組合運(yùn)用間隔時(shí)間的的特點(diǎn)和分布指導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練的必要性研究。本文主要運(yùn)用觀察法,使用專(zhuān)業(yè)的數(shù)碼攝像機(jī),對(duì)2014年我國(guó)男子散打錦標(biāo)賽進(jìn)行正前方左側(cè)定點(diǎn)拍攝,每場(chǎng)不停機(jī)的全程拍攝。通過(guò)對(duì)視頻的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,找出組合動(dòng)作在比賽中運(yùn)用的特點(diǎn)及規(guī)律,從不同狀態(tài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間和結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)際出發(fā)進(jìn)行劃分,統(tǒng)計(jì)出在該時(shí)間里都是由哪些單個(gè)的技術(shù)動(dòng)作構(gòu)成的一套完整的組合。統(tǒng)計(jì)出那些高頻率出現(xiàn)的、高得分的組合技術(shù)動(dòng)作用以訓(xùn)練運(yùn)動(dòng)員掌握,模擬真實(shí)的臨戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)來(lái)指導(dǎo)訓(xùn)練。研究表明,一場(chǎng)比賽的總時(shí)間平均為5分30秒~7分30秒,一局比賽的總時(shí)間平均為2分20秒~2分50秒。在新規(guī)則實(shí)施下,組合動(dòng)作主要運(yùn)用次數(shù)是2次和3次組合,其次是4次組合,4次以上組合運(yùn)用較少。但在進(jìn)攻+防守反擊形式下的4次組合動(dòng)作的運(yùn)用率和得分率都明顯提升。低鞭腿雖已不作為得分的手段,但是在視頻中應(yīng)用依然不可忽視,得分的輔助作用依舊很明顯、重要。前低鞭接后直拳作為高頻高得分出現(xiàn)的組合動(dòng)作技術(shù),無(wú)疑說(shuō)明了低鞭腿在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中的不可或缺。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the introduction of various Wushu Sanda events, the competitive level of Sanda has been improved, thus stimulating the improvement of competition rules. The rules of competition are the baton of the development of sports technology, which has the guiding function. In turn, the development of the technology promotes the continuous improvement of the rules. The two rules are unified and contradictory, and there is always a relationship of mutual restriction and mutual influence. The rules should be amended and supplemented according to the needs of technological development, and the modification of rules should be beneficial to the development of technology. Nowadays, due to the introduction of new rules leading to a technical innovation, it is a common phenomenon for athletes to use multi-strategy combination attack and defense in competitions, especially in high-level competitions. However, because of the short time of Sanda competition, the research on combination action is still lacking, which has formed a certain hindrance to the application and development of combination action. In this paper, the national men's Wushu Sanda Championship in 2014, the top four athletes into the top 28 levels of 58 innings of the Sanda competition as the research object. This study is based on the collection of literature on Sanda technology, the application and statistics of Sanda technology in professional journals, and the latest competition rules of Wushu Sanda as the theoretical support of this study. Visit some representative martial arts experts to determine and screen the common combined movements of Sanda scores according to the new rules. According to the characteristics of the combination time and the interval between the combinations, the necessity of the distribution to guide the training is also studied. This article mainly uses the observation method, uses the specialized digital camera, carries on the direct front spot shooting to the 2014 Chinese men's Sanda Championship, each does not stop the entire process photography. Through the statistical analysis of the video, find out the characteristics and rules of the combined action used in the competition, and start from the actual movement time and structure of different states to divide, Figure out what a complete combination of individual technical actions is made up at that time. Statistics of the high-frequency, high-score combination of technical movements to train athletes to master, simulation of real combat conditions to guide the training. The results show that the average time of a game is 5 minutes 30 seconds to 7 minutes 30 seconds and the average time of a game is 2 minutes 20 seconds to 2 minutes 50 seconds. In the implementation of the new rules, the combined action is mainly used twice and 3 times, followed by 4 times combination more than 4 times combination use less. However, the application rate and scoring rate of the four combined actions in the form of offensive and defensive counter-attack are obviously improved. Although the low whip leg has not been used as a scoring method, it can not be ignored in the video, and the auxiliary function of the score is still obvious and important. As a combination action technique of high frequency and high score, the front and low whip and straight fist undoubtedly show that the low whip leg is indispensable in actual combat.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G852.4

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