本文選題：曲棍球 + 青少年運動員　； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著世界曲棍球競技水平的不斷提高,曲棍球青少年后備人才的培養(yǎng)已經(jīng)被提升到了一個新的高度,但是運動員專項跑動能力的分析和研究不能完善系統(tǒng)的展開,青少年曲棍球的訓(xùn)練就缺乏一個有效的針對性,因此,本研究的目的就是通過對部分遼寧省青少年曲棍球運動員專項跑動能力的科學(xué)測試和系統(tǒng)評價,找出遼寧省青少年曲棍球后備人才專項跑動能力中所存在的問題,在此基礎(chǔ)上運用運動訓(xùn)練學(xué)、運動生理學(xué)、專項訓(xùn)練理論等理論知識提出解決問題的建議與措施,進一步對遼寧省青少年曲棍球后備人才專項跑動能力的構(gòu)成和水平做出清晰和認(rèn)識和系統(tǒng)的評價,為上級部門提供一個今后提高遼寧省青少年曲棍球后備人才專項跑動能力建議,從而提高遼寧省青少年曲棍球后備人才的競技參賽水平,為促進遼寧省曲棍球的整體發(fā)展、為國家提供更多的曲棍球后備人才貢獻自己的微薄之力。本研究以文獻資料法、測試法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法以及邏輯分析法為基本的研究方法,以參加遼寧省軍事體育航海運動學(xué)校組織的遼寧省曲棍球球后備人才夏令營的各位青少年運動員為測試對象,對遼寧省青少年曲棍球后備人才的專項跑動能力做出了全面性的研究,得出以下研究結(jié)果:(1)短距離的專項沖刺跑動(5-10 m)中技術(shù)因素(持桿帶球)占據(jù)相對重要的位置,即技術(shù)因素更多地決定了奔跑的速度,而在長距離的專項速度(40m)或多次折返專項速度(伊利諾伊折返跑)中運動員的一般速度能力對專項速度的貢獻相對較大,即一般速度優(yōu)異的運動員專項速度的水平也較高。啟動和短距離持桿帶球跑之間高度相關(guān),(2)遼寧省青少年曲棍球運動員在短距離、長距離速度跑上與世界強隊澳大利亞隊還存在一定差距,但遼寧省運動員年齡(15歲以下)略小于澳大利亞隊(17歲以下),速度上存在差距屬正常現(xiàn)象,澳大利亞隊在青少年時期的短距離、長距離速度水平發(fā)展已與成人相近(21歲以下),遼寧省親少年應(yīng)注意短距離、長距離速度的提升。遼寧省曲棍球青少年運動員6*30m沖刺的下降率卻低于澳大利亞運動員,尤其女子平均下降率的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差也小于澳大利亞運動員,說明遼寧省青少年曲棍球運動員的間歇沖刺速度穩(wěn)定和間歇恢復(fù)能力更強一些。(3)遼寧省男子青少年曲棍球運動員之間靈敏持桿帶球跑水平差距較大,女子運動員之間除靈敏持桿帶球跑外,長距離持桿帶球跑也差距較大。(4)男子運動員的短距離持桿帶球速度與長距離持球速度高度相關(guān),但是女子運動員卻沒有出現(xiàn)這一情況,男子運動員在直線持桿帶球速度和技術(shù)保持上好于女子,反映出女子運動員一旦延長沖刺距離,其運球技術(shù)的穩(wěn)定性就難以繼續(xù)保持,(5)在持桿帶球跑測試中呈現(xiàn)高度相關(guān)的5m持桿帶球跑與10m持桿帶球跑,其一般速度5m速度跑與10m速度跑相關(guān)性僅為顯著中度相關(guān)(男子)和顯著弱相關(guān)(P0.05)。一般速度項目之間相關(guān)性均不強,顯著(P0.05)。(6)男子6*30m間歇沖刺總時間與40m速度跑和持桿帶球跑呈強相關(guān)關(guān)系,在沖刺距離上二者比較接近,在下降率相近的情況下,單次沖刺成績與整體成正比。但是在女子運動員中卻比較低,可能原因為女子青少年運動員的速度保持和間歇恢復(fù)能力比較差,其下降率(3.03±1.37)雖高于男子,但對于遼寧省青少年女子曲棍球運動員來講并沒有達到最好狀態(tài)。(7)蛇形跑動技術(shù)測試,速度上男子快于女子,但由于男子技術(shù)水平(持球準(zhǔn)確性)較不穩(wěn)定。女子蛇形跑動技術(shù)(持球準(zhǔn)確性)強,好于其他三項。其正手推球技術(shù)較好(差異非常顯著,P0.01)。男子蛇形跑動和反手傳球與持桿帶球伊利諾伊跑呈強相關(guān)關(guān)系,非常顯著(P0.01)。10m、40m和伊利諾伊跑的持桿帶球跑與技術(shù)1、技術(shù)3和技術(shù)4均呈中度相關(guān),顯著(P0.05)。女子5m、10m持桿帶球跑與技術(shù)的相關(guān)性比較高,非常顯著(P0.01),尤其值得注意的是5m持桿帶球跑與挑球和擊球(正手/反手)呈強相關(guān),非常顯著(P0.01)。(8)男子運球跑與正手推球與6*30m總時間和下降率均呈中度相關(guān),非常顯著(P0.01)。女子運動員在運球跑與正手推球、蛇形跑和正反手傳球、挑球和擊球(正手/反手)上與6*30m總時間和下降率,均有中度相關(guān)關(guān)系,非常顯著(P0.01)。針對上述結(jié)果,得出以下改善我國青少年曲棍球運動員專項跑動能力的建議:(1)在曲棍球青少年訓(xùn)練中,應(yīng)該將運動員的一般速度能力和專項速度能力區(qū)別看待,對不同運動員在一般和專項跑動的訓(xùn)練上要有區(qū)別對待。我國青少年曲棍球運動員應(yīng)加強啟動和短距離的持桿快速帶球訓(xùn)練,以改善該段落上出現(xiàn)一般速度與專項速度脫節(jié)的現(xiàn)象。(2)重視遼寧省青少年曲棍球運動員短距離加速、長距離速度水平發(fā)展,以為后續(xù)相應(yīng)持桿帶球技術(shù)奠定基礎(chǔ),縮短與世界強隊短距離、長距離專項速度水平差距。重視運動員長距離、靈敏持桿帶球速度整體水平發(fā)展,縮小運動員之間差距。啟動加速持球與短距離加速持球訓(xùn)練可以進行有效的結(jié)合,提高訓(xùn)練效率。加強女子直線持桿帶球技術(shù)穩(wěn)定性訓(xùn)練,直線持桿帶球球技術(shù)與曲線持桿帶球技術(shù)應(yīng)區(qū)別對待。一般速度能力之間,既要區(qū)別對待,又要有效結(jié)合,共同發(fā)展。女子伊利諾伊持桿帶球跑速度受直線短距離持桿帶球跑、持桿帶球加速減速和持桿帶球180度轉(zhuǎn)彎速度與技術(shù)影響較曲線持桿帶球速度與技術(shù)大。(3)我國青少年曲棍球運動員如果力求達到國際先進水平,需要在重復(fù)沖刺能力上進行重點訓(xùn)練。遼寧省男子青少年曲棍球運動員具備一定的間歇沖刺速度穩(wěn)定和間歇恢復(fù)能力,今后的訓(xùn)練中,提高間隙沖刺速度的同時,要注意保持其下降率水平,即注意其間歇恢復(fù)能力和間歇沖刺速度穩(wěn)定的保持,不要因為速度的提高,而使下降率大幅增大。并將40m沖刺和6*30m沖刺進行融合,同時可促進長距離持桿帶球跑水平發(fā)展。女子運動員訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)注意間歇沖刺速度保持和間歇恢復(fù)能力的提升。(4)在今后的訓(xùn)練中男子應(yīng)注意短距離、長距離及靈敏持桿帶球速度對運球跑和正手推球、蛇形跑動和反手傳球、挑球和擊球(正手/反手)的影響,蛇形跑動和反手傳球可通過持桿帶球伊利諾伊跑的練習(xí)進行提高。加強男子蛇形跑動技術(shù)水平(持球準(zhǔn)確性)訓(xùn)練,同時保障其該技術(shù)速度水平。女子應(yīng)注重爆發(fā)力、啟動短距離持桿帶球跑對運球跑和正手推球、挑球和擊球(正手/反手)及蛇形跑動和反手傳球技術(shù)的影響。比賽中各項技術(shù)動作混合反復(fù)出現(xiàn),反復(fù)多次且距離或時間相對本測試適當(dāng)加長的技術(shù)能力測試或許能和6*30m表現(xiàn)出強相關(guān)關(guān)系,這有待進一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of the level of hockey competition in the world, the training of the hockey youth reserve talents has been promoted to a new height. However, the analysis and research of the athletes' special running ability can not be improved systematically. The training of hockey hockey is lack of an effective pertinence. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to Through the scientific testing and systematic evaluation of the special running ability of some young hockey players in Liaoning Province, the problems existing in the special running ability of the hockey reserve personnel in Liaoning province are found out. On this basis, some theoretical knowledge, such as sports training, sports physiology, and special training theory, are put forward to solve the problems. With the measures, we make a clear and systematic evaluation on the composition and level of the special running ability of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning Province, and provide a suggestion for the higher authorities to improve the special running ability of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning Province in the future, so as to raise the competition of the hockey reserve talents in Liaoning province. In order to promote the overall development of hockey in Liaoning and provide the country with more talents to contribute to the country's hockey reserve talents, this study takes the literature, testing, mathematical statistics and logical analysis as the basic research methods to participate in Liaoning Province, which is organized by the military sports and marine sports schools in Liaoning province. The young athletes of the hockey reserve talent summer camp have made a comprehensive study on the special running ability of the Liaoning youth hockey reserve personnel. The following results are as follows: (1) the technical factors (5-10 m) in the short distance special sprint and running (5-10 m) occupy a relatively important position, that is, technology The speed of running is more determined by the factors, and the average speed ability of the athletes in the long distance special speed (40m) or the reentry special speed (Illinois return run) is relatively high, that is, the average speed of the athletes with excellent general speed is also higher. Highly related, (2) Liaoning province hockey players in short distance, long distance speed running with the world strong team Australian team still have a certain gap, but the age of Liaoning athletes (under the age of 15) is slightly smaller than the Australian team (under 17 years of age), the speed of the difference is normal, the Australian team in the short distance of youth, The development of long distance speed level has been similar to that of adults (under 21 years of age). The relative adolescents in Liaoning province should pay attention to short distance and long distance speed. The decline rate of 6*30m sprint in Liaoning hockey teenager athletes is lower than that of Australian athletes, especially the average drop rate of women is less than that of Australian athletes, indicating Liaoning province. The intermittent sprint speed of the young hockey players is stable and the ability to recover intermittently is stronger. (3) the gap between the sensitive stick and the ball running level between the male and young hockey players in Liaoning province is large, and the distance between the women's athletes except the sensitive holding and the ball running, the long distance holding the ball running is also large. (4) the short distance away from the male athletes The speed of the rod ball is closely related to the speed of the long distance holding speed, but there is no such situation in the women's athletes. The speed of the ball and the technical maintenance of the male athletes are better than that of the women. It shows that the stability of the dribbling technique of the women athletes is difficult to continue once the women athletes extend the sprint distance. (5) the test of the ball running in the holding pole. There was a highly correlated 5m stick ball running and 10m holding ball running. The general speed 5m speed run and the 10m speed run are only significant moderate correlation (men) and significant weak correlation (P0.05). The correlation between the general speed items is not strong and significant (P0.05). (6) the total time of male 6*30m intermittent sprint with 40m speed run and the stick run ball run The strong correlation is close to the two of the sprint distance. In the case of similar drop rate, the result of single sprint is proportional to the whole. But it is lower in women's athletes, perhaps the reason is that the speed keeping and intermittent recovery ability of the female teenager athletes is poor, and the decline rate (3.03 + 1.37) is higher than that of the men, but to Liao. The young women hockey players in ningprovince did not reach the best state. (7) the test of snake running technology was faster than women, but the men's technical level (accuracy of holding) was more unstable. Women's snake like running technique (the accuracy of holding the ball) was strong and better than the other three. The technique of the forehand push was better (P0 .01). The men's snake like running and backhand pass are strongly related to the Illinois running with a stick and ball. It is very significant (P0.01).10m, 40m and Illinois running the ball running with technology 1, technology 3 and technology 4, and significant (P0.05). The correlation between the women 5m, the 10m stick ball running and the technology is higher, very significant (P0.01), especially value. It must be noted that the 5m stick ball run is strongly correlated with the ball and the backhand (P0.01). (8) the male dribbling run and the forehand push are moderately related to the total time and the decline rate of the 6*30m, very significant (P0.01). Women's athletes are running with the forehand push, the snake like run and the backhand pass, the ball and the backhand (forehand / backhand) There is a moderate correlation between the total time and the decrease rate of 6*30m, which is very significant (P0.01). In view of the above results, the following suggestions are given to improve the special running ability of the hockey players in China: (1) in the hockey youth training, the athletes' speed ability and special speed ability should be treated differently, and different sports should be taken for different sports. There should be a difference between the general and the special running training. The young hockey players in China should strengthen the start and short distance fast ball training to improve the phenomenon that the general speed is disjointed with the special speed in this paragraph. (2) pay attention to the short distance acceleration and the long distance speed level of the teenage baton ball players in Liaoning province. Development, in order to lay the foundation for the follow - up stick ball technology, shorten the short distance and the long distance special speed level gap with the world's strong teams, attach importance to the long distance of the athletes, the rapid development of the sharp stick ball speed as a whole and narrow the gap between the athletes. To strengthen the training efficiency, strengthen the technical stability training of women's linear holding rod ball, the technique of linear holding ball ball and curve holding rod should be treated differently. The speed and the technical influence of 180 degree turning speed and the technical influence of the speed deceleration and the rod ball are larger than the curve holding rod speed and technology. (3) if the Chinese hockey players strive to reach the international advanced level, the key training of the repeated sprint ability should be carried out. The men's teenage baton ball players in Liaoning province have a certain speed of intermittent bursts. In the future training, in the future training, to improve the speed of the gap sprint, we should pay attention to keeping the decline rate, that is to pay attention to the recovery ability and the steady speed of the intermittent burr, and not to increase the drop rate because of the speed increase. The 40m sprint and the 6*30m sprint are fused, and the long distance can be promoted. In the training of women athletes, attention should be paid to the improvement of intermittent sprint speed and intermittent recovery. (4) in future training men should pay attention to the effect of short distance, long distance and sensitive stick ball speed on dribbling and forehand push, snake like running and backhand pass, pick and hit (forehand / backhand) The snake like running and backhand pass can be improved through the exercises of the Illinois running with the ball on the holder. Strengthen the skill level of the man's snake running technique (the accuracy of the ball) and ensure the speed level. Women should pay attention to the explosive force and start the short distance ball running on the ball running and the forehand push, the ball and the ball (forehand / backhand) and the ball. The influence of snake like running and backhand pass technology. The technical ability test in the competition is mixed repeatedly, the technical ability test which is repeated many times and the distance or time relative to this test may show a strong correlation with the 6*30m, which needs further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G849.1

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