本文選題：能量平衡 + 肥胖兒童�。� 參考：《北京體育大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：目的:基于能量平衡與肥胖理論提出兩個研究假設(shè),實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證研究假設(shè)、探討機(jī)體如何達(dá)到能量平衡的以及減體重與能量距的量效關(guān)系。運動與飲食干預(yù)下探討能量平衡要素變化和肥胖兒童減體重效果。實驗干預(yù)中止后,追蹤觀察能量平衡要素變化及其與體重維持的關(guān)系、探討指標(biāo)變化時序性特征。方法:選取北京某小學(xué)40名10-11歲肥胖兒童。為排除生長因素干擾,將其隨機(jī)分為實驗組和對照組:實驗組運動與飲食干預(yù),對照組空白對照。受試者周中三餐在校吃,營養(yǎng)師配餐并稱量克數(shù)。周末三餐在家由家長稱量記錄、拍照上傳至微信。運動干預(yù)5次/周,60mins/次。研究經(jīng)3次基線測試、8周運動與飲食干預(yù)、4周追蹤觀察和半年后追蹤測試,縱向追蹤數(shù)據(jù)采用廣義估計模型處理。結(jié)果:1控制成長作用,單純實驗干預(yù)作用下肥胖兒童減重4.83kg;RMR下降0.137 kcal/h/kg。2參數(shù)估計顯示:減重3-4kg和減重2-3kg與RMR變化具有顯著性;減脂4.5kg以上時,RMR與骨骼肌量呈顯著正相關(guān)(r=0.226,P.05)。3腰圍、臀圍、大腿圍1周見效,上臂圍2周,小腿圍4周;變化幅度:腰圍上臂圍臀圍小腿圍大腿圍。4較高的EI水平上,低TEE與體重變化率呈顯著反相關(guān)(r=-1.865);較高的TEE水平上,低EI與體重變化率有顯著性。結(jié)論:1靜息代謝率RMR的生理調(diào)節(jié)作用:減緩了減體重的速度。2調(diào)整EI或TEE獲得3500kcal能量距,體重可以降低0.45kg的理論值不能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)實際體重變化。實測△E與體重變化率的量效關(guān)系為:?=3.833—1.299X△E1—0.920X△E2。當(dāng)能量距在[-7.99,-379]kcal/d時,肥胖兒童體重下降2.5%;在[-380,-605]kcal/d時,體重下降2.9%。3在8周飲食和運動干預(yù)下,對于BMI等于26上下的10-11歲兒童,減體重2-4 kg是其RMR顯著變化的減重區(qū)間。4運動與飲食干預(yù)下增加骨骼肌量以提高RMR,需在脂肪減少較大(4.5kg)的前提下實現(xiàn)。5肥胖兒童圍度變化最明顯的是腰圍和上臂圍,大腿圍變化最不明顯。6高能量流通量驅(qū)動下,體重不容易增加;低能量攝入低能量消耗體重容易增加。
[Abstract]:Aim: based on the theory of energy balance and obesity, two hypotheses were proposed, and the experimental data were used to verify the hypotheses, and to explore how the body achieves energy balance and the dose-effect relationship between weight loss and energy distance. To explore the changes of energy balance factors and the effect of weight loss in obese children under the intervention of exercise and diet. After the termination of experimental intervention, the changes of energy balance factors and their relationship with weight maintenance were observed, and the temporal characteristics of index changes were discussed. Methods: 40 obese children aged 10-11 years were selected from a primary school in Beijing. In order to eliminate the interference of growth factors, it was randomly divided into experimental group and control group: exercise and diet intervention in experimental group and blank control group. The subjects ate three meals at school in the middle of the week, and dieticians ordered meals and weighed grams. The three meals were recorded at home by parents and uploaded to WeChat. Exercise intervention 5 times a week, 60 mins per week. Three baseline tests were conducted for 8 weeks exercise and diet intervention for 4 weeks and half a year later. The longitudinal tracking data were processed by generalized estimation model. Results the weight loss of obese children was decreased by 0.137 kcal/h/kg.2 under the control of 1: 1. The parameters of weight loss 3-4kg, 2-3kg and RMR were significantly different when the weight loss was higher than 4.5kg, and there was a significant positive correlation between RMR and skeletal muscle volume in obese children under the intervention of 4. 83kg / kg. 05. 3 waist circumference. Hip circumference, thigh circumference 1 week, upper arm circumference 2 weeks, calf circumference 4 weeks. Range of change: waist circumference, upper arm circumference, hip circumference, thigh circumference, low TEE were significantly correlated with body weight change rate. Low ei and weight change rate were significant. Conclusion the physiological regulation of resting metabolic rate (RMR) of 1: 1: decrease the speed of weight loss by adjusting ei or TEE to obtain the energy distance of 3500kcal, and the theoretical value of weight can not accurately express the change of actual weight. The dose-effect relationship between the measured E and the weight change rate was 3.833-1.299X E1-0.920X E2. When the energy distance was at [-7.99 ~ 379] kcal/d, the weight loss of obese children was 2.5, and at [-380-605] kcal/d, the weight loss was 2.9. 3 for children aged 10-11 with BMI equal to about 26 after 8 weeks of diet and exercise intervention, Weight loss of 2-4 kg was the significant change of weight loss interval of RMR. The waist circumference and upper arm circumference of obese children were the most obvious changes of waist circumference and upper arm circumference under the intervention of diet and diet to increase skeletal muscle volume in order to increase RMRs. The most obvious changes in circumference of obese children were waist circumference and upper arm circumference when fat loss was larger than 4.5 kg. Under the driving of high energy flux, the body weight is not easy to increase, and the weight of low energy intake and low energy consumption is easy to increase.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G804.2

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