本文選題：群體凝聚力 + 拓展訓(xùn)練��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：排球是一項集體運動項目,取得比賽的最后勝利不僅需要隊員有過硬的技術(shù),更需要隊員間互相了解、互相合作。這種隊員之間相互吸引并愿意為了一個共同目標而去努力的向心力叫做群體凝聚力。群體凝聚力這一概念從引進國內(nèi)到現(xiàn)在,學(xué)術(shù)界對它的研究比較多,并且從一開始只是理論分析的階段過渡到了現(xiàn)在的用各種訓(xùn)練手段提高其水平的階段,從運動項目上講已經(jīng)運用到了幾乎大部分常見的項目;從受眾群體上講,拓展訓(xùn)練已經(jīng)廣泛普及到企業(yè)、學(xué)校等多個行業(yè)。拓展訓(xùn)練是一種體驗式的學(xué)習(xí)過程,旨在讓參訓(xùn)人員在玩樂游戲的過程中主動地去探索學(xué)習(xí)。本人試圖探索拓展訓(xùn)練對業(yè)余排球隊群體凝聚力的影響,把拓展訓(xùn)練引入到吉林大學(xué)專業(yè)隊和業(yè)余隊,并對比兩者實驗前后的變化,驗證拓展訓(xùn)練對業(yè)余排球隊群體凝聚力的短期時效性,為拓展訓(xùn)練引入其他各級別學(xué)校業(yè)余群體提供參考。從前人的研究成果看,更容易被學(xué)術(shù)界大眾接受而且可信度比較高的評價體系就是卡倫在1982編制的《群體環(huán)境調(diào)查問卷》。本文依據(jù)卡倫環(huán)境問卷為基礎(chǔ),對該問卷做了些微調(diào)整,制定了《大學(xué)生排球群體凝聚力環(huán)境問卷》,并采用該環(huán)境問卷對吉林大學(xué)專業(yè)排球隊和業(yè)余排球隊進行實驗前后的數(shù)據(jù)對比研究,通過研究得出以下結(jié)論:1.組建時間長的隊伍的群體凝聚力高于組建時間短的隊伍。吉林大學(xué)大學(xué)生業(yè)余排球隊由于組建的時間不長,因此整體的凝聚力水平相對專業(yè)隊較低,特別表現(xiàn)在隊伍的交往凝聚力水平低。專業(yè)排球隊整體的凝聚力水平較高,無論是交往凝聚力還是任務(wù)凝聚力都高于業(yè)余隊,這些綜合地表現(xiàn)在運動訓(xùn)練、競賽和口常生活中,在訓(xùn)練中隊員之間彼此配合較好,在生活中彼此交往較和諧。2.拓展訓(xùn)練對于新成立的業(yè)余球隊更有短期時效性。拓展訓(xùn)練有助于新成立的業(yè)余球隊在短時期內(nèi)迅速提升群體凝聚力,特別是對群體交往凝聚力的提升。業(yè)余球隊隊員沒有經(jīng)過專業(yè)的訓(xùn)練,本身對運動員的定位跟專業(yè)運動員就有一定的差距,因此對目標的追求不太強烈,群體任務(wù)更傾向于娛樂,所以交往凝聚力的作用也就更大。3.拓展訓(xùn)練對大學(xué)生排球隊交往凝聚力的作用大于任務(wù)凝聚力,業(yè)余隊和專業(yè)隊整體的交往凝聚力水平較任務(wù)凝聚力水平高。大學(xué)生排球隊群體凝聚力提高的主要表現(xiàn)是:隊員之間能做到主動溝通,在團隊遭遇到困難和問題時能夠積極的面對,能夠保持積極樂觀向上地心態(tài),控制自身情緒,勇于面對競爭,求勝欲望更加強烈,集體榮譽感增強。
[Abstract]:Volleyball is a collective sport, the final victory of the game requires not only the players have excellent skills, but also the members understand each other and cooperate with each other. This kind of centripetal force that attracts each other and is willing to work towards a common goal is called group cohesion. From the introduction of the concept of group cohesion to the present, the academic research on it is more, and from the beginning is only a theoretical analysis of the stage of transition to the present with various training means to improve its level. Sports have been applied to almost most of the common projects; from the audience, expansion training has been widely spread to enterprises, schools and other industries. Development training is an experiential learning process, which aims to enable participants to actively explore learning in the process of playing games. I try to explore the influence of the development training on the group cohesion of the amateur volleyball team, and introduce the development training to the professional team and the amateur team of Jilin University, and compare the changes before and after the experiment. To verify the short-term effect of expansion training on group cohesion of amateur volleyball teams, and to provide reference for the introduction of other levels of school amateur groups. According to the previous research results, the evaluation system, which is more easily accepted by the academic public and more reliable, is Cullen's "Group Environment questionnaire", which was compiled in 1982. Based on the Karen Environment questionnaire, this paper makes some adjustments to the questionnaire. In this paper, the author made the Environmental questionnaire of College students' Volleyball Group cohesion, and used the questionnaire to compare the data before and after the experiment between the professional volleyball team and the amateur volleyball team in Jilin University. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The group cohesion of the long-time group is higher than that of the short-time group. Because the amateur volleyball team of Jilin University is not established for a long time, the overall level of cohesion is lower than that of the professional team, especially in the low level of communication cohesion of the team. Professional volleyball teams as a whole have a higher level of cohesion, both in terms of communication cohesion and task cohesion than in amateur teams, which can be combined in sports training, competition, and oral life, in which players cooperate better with each other. Live in harmony with each other. Development training for the newly established amateur team has more short-term timeliness. The extended training will help the newly established amateur team to enhance the group cohesion in a short period of time, especially the group communication cohesion. Amateur team members do not undergo professional training, and there is a certain gap between the positioning of athletes and that of professional athletes. Therefore, the pursuit of goals is not very strong, and group tasks tend to be more entertaining. So the role of communication cohesion is also greater. 3. The effect of expansion training on college volleyball team communication cohesion is greater than that on task cohesion. The level of communication cohesion of amateur team and professional team is higher than that of task cohesion level. The main performance of the improvement of college volleyball team group cohesion is that the players can communicate actively, be able to face the difficulties and problems encountered by the team, maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, and control their own emotions. The courage to face the competition, the desire to win more intense, collective sense of honor enhanced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G842

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